Large venous compliance in carboxyhemoglobinemia and hemodilutional anemia

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Biro
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Venous Compliance ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Made In

Anesthetized dogs were prepared for the measurement of compliance of the inferior vena cava by placement of a catheter for pressure measurement and a pair of ultrasonic dimension transducers for the measurement of transverse diameter. Measurements of compliance were made in a control state, after the induction of carboxyhemoglobinemia or hemodilutional anemia, by measuring pressure changes and diameter changes during brief occlusions of the inferior vena cava downstream from the transducers. Carboxyhemoglobinemia cuased an upward shift of the averaged pressure–diameter curve while there was a negligible shift in the hemodiluted group. These results indicate that in carboxyhemoglobinemia a change in the compliance of the vena cava occurs, which favours augmented venous return by improved conductance rather than by a dislocation of blood by constriction of the large venous reservoir. In hemodilutional anemia the change in compliance is insignificant, but venous return is favoured by the reduced viscosity.

Respiratory changes in biometry of suprarenal inferior vena cava in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities

2020 ◽  
pp. 026835552097413
Author(s):  
Yury Rusinovich ◽  
Volha Rusinovich
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
P Value ◽  
Venous Disease ◽  
Venous Compliance ◽  
Collapsibility Index

Aim This study examines respiratory biometry of inferior vena cava in patients with varicose veins of lower extremities. Material and Methods We performed retrospective analysis of clinical and ultrasound data of 67 patients with primary varicose veins. Results The largest expiratory (mean 16.2 mm, p-value 0.09) and inspiratory (mean 8.2 mm, p-value 0.02) inferior vena cava diameters were in C3 Clinical Etiological Anatomical Pathophysiological clinical class; the smallest expiratory diameters (mean 13.1 mm, p-value 0.5) were in C6 class; the smallest inspiratory diameters (mean 4.6 mm, intercept) were in C2 class. C2 class was associated with highest inferior vena cava collapsibility index (mean 68.2%, intercept); C6 class was associated with lowest collapsibility index (mean 48.3%, p-value 0.04). Recurrent varices in comparison with previously untreated were associated with smaller inspiratory diameters of inferior vena cava (mean 4.4 mm, p-value 0.005), smaller expiratory diameters (mean 13.4 mm, p-value 0.06) and higher collapsibility index (mean 68.5%, p-value 0.005). Patients with recurrent and bilateral varicose veins had identical respiratory biometry of inferior vena cava. Older age was associated with smaller inferior vena cava diameters (p-value <0.01). Conclusion Clinical presentation of varicose veins is associated with different respiratory biometry of suprarenal inferior vena cava. C6 clinical class in comparison with C2 clinical class is associated with lower central venous compliance possible due to the narrowing of inferior vena cava. Smaller inferior vena cava diameters and higher collapsibility index in recurrent subgroup in comparison with previously untreated can be a sign of the significantly altered pressure gradient between the systemic capillaries and the right heart and impaired peripheral venous return. Narrowing of inferior vena cava with age can be a sign of more profound changes in systemic venous return with age in patients with varicose veins in comparison to those without chronic venous disease.

Partial Anomalous Venous Return (PAVR)

2010 ◽  
pp. 208-211
Author(s):  
Edward C. Rosenow
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Lower Lobe

• A third of cases are associated with congenital heart disease • Only a third of cases have anomalous vein of right lower lobe that looks like a scimitar (widens as it gets closer to inferior vena cava)

Effects of abdominal pressure on venous return: abdominal vascular zone conditions

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1961-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takata ◽  
R. A. Wise ◽  
J. L. Robotham
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Transmural Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Canine Experiments ◽  
Phrenic Stimulation

The effects of changes in abdominal pressure (Pab) on inferior vena cava (IVC) venous return were analyzed using a model of the IVC circulation based on a concept of abdominal vascular zone conditions analogous to pulmonary vascular zone conditions. We hypothesized that an increase in Pab would increase IVC venous return when the IVC pressure at the level of the diaphragm (Pivc) exceeds the sum of Pab and the critical closing transmural pressure (Pc), i.e., zone 3 conditions, but reduce IVC venous return when Pivc is below the sum of Pab and Pc, i.e., zone 2 conditions. The validity of the model was tested in 12 canine experiments with an open-chest IVC bypass. An increase in Pab produced by phrenic stimulation increased the IVC venous return when Pivc-Pab was positive but decreased the IVC venous return when Pivc - Pab was negative. The value of Pivc - Pab that separated net increases from decreases in venous return was 1.00 +/- 0.72 (SE) mmHg (n = 6). An increase in Pivc did not influence the femoral venous pressure when Pivc was lower than the sum of Pab and a constant, 0.96 +/- 0.70 mmHg (n = 6), consistent with presence of a waterfall. These results agreed closely with the predictions of the model and its computer simulation. The abdominal venous compartment appears to function with changes in Pab either as a capacitor in zone 3 conditions or as a collapsible Starling resistor with little wall tone in zone 2 conditions.

Intravascular and intracardiac blood temperatures in man

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Skoda Afonso ◽  
George G. Rowe ◽  
Cesar A. Castillo ◽  
Charles W. Crumpton
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Vena Cava Superior ◽  
Made In

Intracardiac and intravascular blood temperatures were measured in a group of 17 afebrile patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Using a cardiac catheter with a thermistor mounted at the tip, measurements were made in the following locations: different levels of the inferior vena cava, the superior vena cava, the renal, hepatic, and internal jugular veins, the right atrium, pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery wedge position, coronary sinus and right ventricle, and the left atrium and pulmonary veins (in subjects with atrial septal defects or patent foramen ovale). Data obtained confirm and extend observations made by other investigators. The blood temperature in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary artery wedge, left atrium, and pulmonary vein were found to be very nearly the same. Furthermore, temperature recordings made in different sites of the inferior vena cava, superior vena cava, right atrium, and pulmonary artery show variations phasic with respiration. The mechanism of these thermal variations is discussed. Submitted on February 5, 1962

scholarly journals Obstructed uterine venous return: a preventable cause of dysfunctional labor?

Reproduction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. V15-V17
Author(s):  
Thomas L Archer
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Dysfunctional Labor

Dysfunctional labor is a common cause of cesarean delivery and may be caused by myometrial hypoxia. Obstruction of uterine venous return due to compression of the inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus or the abdominal wall may be an auxiliary cause of myometrial hypoxia which aggravates other causes.

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