Control of protein and energy intake: Role of plasma amino acids and brain neurotransmitters

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Harvey Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitters

Role of meal carbohydrate content for the imbalance of plasma amino acids in patients with liver cirrhosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1241-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewert Schulte-Frohlinde ◽  
Stefan Wagenpfeil ◽  
Johanna Willis ◽  
Christian Lersch ◽  
Florian Eckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of a high- and normal-casein breakfast on satiety, ‘satiety’ hormones, plasma amino acids and subsequent energy intake

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margriet A. B. Veldhorst ◽  
Arie G. Nieuwenhuizen ◽  
Ananda Hochstenbach-Waelen ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Marielle P. K. J. Engelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Casein Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

The present study compared the effects of a high- and normal-casein-protein breakfast on satiety, ‘satiety’ hormones, plasma amino acid responses and subsequent energy intake. Twenty-five healthy subjects (BMI 23·9 (sem 0·3) kg/m2; age 22 (sem 1) years) received a subject-specific standardised breakfast (20 % of daily energy requirements): a custard with casein as the single protein source with either 10, 55 and 35 (normal-casein breakfast) or 25, 55 and 20 (high-casein breakfast) % of energy (En%) from protein, carbohydrate and fat respectively in a randomised, single-blind design. Appetite profile (visual analogue scale; VAS), plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1, ghrelin and amino acid concentrations were determined for 4 h; here the sensitive moment in time for lunch was determined. Subjects came for a second set of experiments and received the same custards for breakfast, and an ad libitum lunch was offered at 180 min after breakfast; energy intake was assessed. There were increased scores of fullness and satiety after the 25 En% casein-custard compared with the 10 En% casein-custard, particularly at 180 min (26 (sem 4) v. 11 (sem 5) mm VAS; P < 0·01) and 240 min (13 (sem 5) v. − 1 (sem 5) mm VAS; P < 0·01). This coincided with prolonged elevated plasma amino acid concentrations; total amino acids and branched-chain amino acids were higher after the 25 En% casein-custard compared with the 10 En% casein-custard at 180 and 240 min (P < 0·001). There was no difference in energy intake (3080 (sem 229) v. 3133 (sem 226) kJ for 25 En% and 10 En% respectively; NS) from the ad libitum lunch. In conclusion, a breakfast with 25 % of energy from casein is rated as being more satiating than a breakfast with 10 % of energy from casein at 3 and 4 h after breakfast, coinciding with prolonged elevated concentrations of plasma amino acids, but does not reduce subsequent energy intake.

Corrigendum to Role of Plasma Amino Acids and Urinary Organic Acids in Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Diseases in Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Shatla ◽  
Hoda Y. Tomoum ◽  
Solaf M. Elsayed ◽  
Iman A. Elagouza ◽  
Rania H. Shatla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Urinary Organic Acids

Role of Plasma Amino Acids and Urinary Organic Acids in Diagnosis of Mitochondrial Diseases in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Shatla ◽  
Hoda Y. Tomoum ◽  
Solaf M. Elsayed ◽  
Iman A. Elagouza ◽  
Rania H. Shatla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Mitochondrial Diseases ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Urinary Organic Acids

Plasma amino-acids in human cancer: the individual role of tumour, malnutrition and glucose tolerance

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cascino ◽  
C. Cangiano ◽  
F. Ceci ◽  
F. Franchi ◽  
E.T. Menichetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Role

scholarly journals Glycemia and insulinemia in healthy subjects after lactose-equivalent meals of milk and other food proteins: the role of plasma amino acids and incretins

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1246-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Nilsson ◽  
Marianne Stenberg ◽  
Anders H Frid ◽  
Jens J Holst ◽  
Inger ME Björck
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Food Proteins

scholarly journals Mechanisms of hyperinsulinaemia in apparently healthy non-obese young adults: role of insulin secretion, clearance and action and associations with plasma amino acids

Diabetologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2310-2324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hamley ◽  
Danielle Kloosterman ◽  
Tamara Duthie ◽  
Chiara Dalla Man ◽  
Roberto Visentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Secretion Clearance ◽  
Apparently Healthy

scholarly journals Acute effects of breakfasts containing α-lactalbumin, or gelatin with or without added tryptophan, on hunger, ‘satiety’ hormones and amino acid profiles

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 1859-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie G. Nieuwenhuizen ◽  
Ananda Hochstenbach-Waelen ◽  
Margriet A. B. Veldhorst ◽  
Klaas R. Westerterp ◽  
Mariëlle P. K. J. Engelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Amino Acid ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Amino Acid Profiles ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations ◽  
Single Blind

Proteins are the most satiating macronutrients. Tryptophan (TRP) may contribute to the satiating effect, as it serves as a precursor for the anorexigenic neurotransmitter serotonin. To address the role of TRP in the satiating properties of dietary protein, we compared three different breakfasts, containing either α-lactalbumin (high in TRP), gelatin (low in TRP) or gelatin with added TRP (gelatin+TRP, high in TRP), on appetite. Twenty-four subjects (22–29 kg/m2; aged 19–37 years) received a subject-specific breakfast at t = 0 with 10, 55 and 35 % energy from protein, carbohydrate and fat repectively in a randomised, single-blind design. Hunger, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, ghrelin, amino acid concentrations and energy intake during a subsequent lunch were determined. Suppression of hunger was stronger 240 min after the breakfast with α-lactalbumin compared with gelatin and gelatin+TRP. Total plasma amino acid concentrations were lower with α-lactalbumin compared with gelatin with or without TRP (from t = 180–240 min). TRP concentrations were higher after α-lactalbumin than after gelatin with or without TRP from t = 0–100 min, whereas from t = 100–240 min, TRP concentrations were lower after gelatin than after α-lactalbumin and gelatin+TRP. The plasma ratio of TRP to other large neutral amino acids (LNAA) was, only at t = 100 min, lower after gelatin+TRP than after the other breakfasts. Plasma amino acid responses, TRP concentrations and TRP:LNAA ratios were not correlated with hunger. GLP-1 and ghrelin concentrations were similar for all diets. Energy intake during a subsequent lunch was similar for all diets. Summarised, an α-lactalbumin breakfast suppresses hunger more than a gelatin or gelatin+TRP breakfast. This cannot be explained by (possible) differences found in TRP concentrations and TRP:LNAA ratios in the breakfasts and in plasma, as well as in ciruclating total amino acids, GLP-1 and ghrelin.

Plasma Amino Acids and Risk of Impaired Lower-Extremity Function and Role of Dietary Intake: A Nested Case-Control Study in Older Adults

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Francisco Félix Caballero ◽  
Ellen A. Struijk ◽  
Antonio Buño ◽  
Verónica Vega-Cabello ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Plasma Amino Acids ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Incident Cases

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Amino acids are key elements in the regulation of the aging process which entails a progressive loss of muscle mass. The health effects of plasma amino acids can be influenced by dietary intake. This study assessed the prospective association between amino acid species and impaired lower-extremity function (ILEF) in older adults, exploring the role of diet on this association. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a case-control design comprising 43 incident cases of ILEF and 85 age- and sex-matched controls. Plasma concentrations of 20 amino acid species were measured at baseline using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and incident cases of ILEF were measured after 2 years by means of the Short Physical Performance Battery. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess longitudinal relationships. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After adjusting for potential confounders, higher levels of tryptophan were associated with a decreased 2-year risk of ILEF (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.64, 95% CI = [0.42, 0.97]), while glutamine and total essential amino acids were linked to higher ILEF risk (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = [1.01, 2.45]; OR = 1.89, 95% CI = [1.18, 3.03], respectively). Those with a lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet, a higher BMI, a higher consumption of red meat, and a lower consumption of nuts and legumes had an increased risk of ILEF associated with higher levels of essential amino acids. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> Some amino acid species could serve as risk markers for physical function decline in older adults, and healthy diet might attenuate the excess risk of ILEF linked to essential amino acids.

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