Effects of Vitamin A on Blood Coagulation and Clot-Lysis Times

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 984-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill Woodward ◽  
B. E. March
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Single Comb

The effects of dietary excess of vitamin A on one-stage prothrombin time and on one-stage euglobulin-lysis time were studied in Single Comb White Leghorn, New Hampshire, and Black Australorp chicks. Prothrombin time was increased by the feeding of 100 000 and 200 000 I.U. of vitamin A per kilogram of diet to the Black Australorp chicks but it was not increased when these amounts of vitamin A were fed to either the White Leghorn or the New Hampshire chicks. The prolongation of prothrombin time was reversed within 16 h by injection of menadione. Vitamin A at 100 000 and 200 000 I.U./kg of diet decreased euglobulin-lysis times in chicks of all three breeds but increased the concentration of fibrinogen in the plasma. The effect of excess vitamin A on euglobulin-lysis time was not associated with induced vitamin K deficiency. The decreased euglobulin-lysis time resulting from intake of excess vitamin A persisted for 6 weeks subsequent to the feeding of moderate amounts of vitamin A.

Warfarin Induced Fibrinolysis: The Effect Of Recovery With And Without Vitamin K

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Dynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time

We have previously shown that fibrinolysis in the rat is enhanced by levels of warfarin administration sufficient to produce moderate anticoagulation. This effect is mediated largely by an increase in plasma plasminogen activator. Plasminogen levels are decreased and fibrin(ogen) degradation products raised confirming the presence of a systemic hyperfibrinolytic state. In order to investigate this phenomenon further we have measured fibrinolytic components in rats recovering from warfarin administration. Groups of male Hooded rats received 14 yg warfarin/100 g body weight /day by mouth for one to two weeks. The animals were then allowed to recover without further treatment or following a single 50 μg dose of vitamin K1. Euglobulin lysis time, one stage prothrombin time, plasma plasminogen activator (fibrin plate method), plasma plasminogen (caseinolytic method), plasma fibrinogen (clot weight method) and plasma fibrinolytic inhibitors were measured at intervals after the end of the warfarin treatment. In animals recovering without vitamin K prothrombin time returned to normal within one week. However fibrinolysis remained elevated with plasma plasminogen activator concentrations of more than twice the control value. Plasma inhibitor levels were depressed and fibrinogen levels elevated. After two weeks all fibrinolytic components had returned to normal. Following vitamin Kj administration a different pattern emerged; prothrombin time returned to normal within 24 hours but fibrinolysis was diminished. The latter effect was due to a marked increase in plasma fibrinogen and moderate fall in plasma plasminogen activator both of which contributed to a prolonged euglobulin lysis time. These results indicate that fibrinolysis and coagulation in the rat are not linked in a 'dynamic equilibrium' like that proposed for man. The enhanced fibrinolysis rather than being a result of the fall in vitamin K dependant clotting factors may be due to the direct action of warfarin. The 'fibrinolytic shutdown' following vitamin K remains unexplained .

Correlation of in Vivo Clot Lysis with other Thrombolytic Variables Following Administration of abbokinase ®(Tissue Culture Urokinase), to Anesthetized Dogs

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Martin ◽  
J. Cain ◽  
J. Chmiel ◽  
S.E. El Masry
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

An anesthetized dog model, using an extracorporeal loop containing an autologous radioactive clot, was utilized to test the effects of various doses of ABBOKINASE® on the rate of clot lysis and on plasma levels of urokinase, plasmin, antiplasmin, plasminogen and fibrinogen. The effects of ABBOKINASE® on hematocrit, euglobulin lysis time and125 I-clot lysis, in vitro, were also determined. Correlations were sought between plasma urokinase, plasmin, antiplasmin and the rate of clot lysis. Kinetic evaluations of half-lives of urokinase and plasmin and of the rate of regeneration of antiplasmin were made. Some of the conclusions reached were: 1) plasma fibrinogen does not decrease until antiplasmin is depleted and free plasmin appears in blood. 2) plasma urokinase levels are related to the dose infused and decrease with a half-life of about 8 minutes following infusion. 3) the rate of clot lysis in the loop is proportional to the dose of ABBOKINASE® over a defined range of doses and can be fitted to a mathematical model. 4) at lower doses, clot lysis occurs in the absence of measurable free plasmin.

Divergent Effects of Excess Dietary Vitamin A on Alimentary Cholesterolemia in Cockerels of Different Genetic Backgrounds

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-263
Author(s):  
Bill Woodward ◽  
B. E. March
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Large Load

The variable effect of excessive vitamin A intake on alimentary cholesterolemia was investigated in cockerels of strains of White Leghorns and New Hampshires. With the New Hampshire cockerels, the feeding of 0.5% of dietary cholesterol resulted in greater cholesterolemia when the diet contained 1 700 I.U. of vitamin A per kilogram than when it contained 22 000 I.U. of vitamin A per kilogram. With the White Leghorn cockerels, on the other hand, cholesterolemia was enhanced with the higher level of dietary vitamin A. Absorption of a single oral dose of cholesterol was increased in birds of both breeds when vitamin A had been given previously by injection. In the White Leghorn cockerels the percentage of newly absorbed cholesterol in the hepatic pool was reduced by vitamin A administration, whereas in the New Hampshire cockerels the percentage was increased. It was concluded that excess vitamin A may have divergent effects on alimentary cholesterolemia in chickens of different genetic backgrounds as a result of opposite effects on the liver–blood ratio of a large load of cholesterol.

Cohparison of Variability of Different Methods of Measuring Fibrinolytic Activity

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chakrabarti ◽  
S.G. Thompson ◽  
T.W. Meade
Keyword(s):  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Laboratory Error ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Plate Area

The Northwick Park Heart Study has drawn attention to the variability, especially within-person, of the dilute blood clot lysis time (DBCLT). However, this method has considerable practical advantages in large-scale surveys. The variability of OBCLT has therefore been compared with that of the euglobulin. lysis time (ELT) and the euglobulin fibrin plate area (EFPA). Each measurement has been made 10 times over a 9 month period in each of 12 healthy people; fibrinogen levels have also been measured. As expected, highly significant correlations (r) have been obtained between the three methods: DBCLT and ELT, + 0.63 DBCLT and EFPA, - 0.47; ELT and EFPA, - 0.54 (P<0.001 in each case). The between-pernon variance, distinguishing one person from another, accounts for 60% of the total vnriance in DBCLT, 35% in ELT and 10% in SFPA. For fibrinogen, the value is nearly 90%. The rest of the variance in each case is accounted for by hiological within-person variation and Laboratory error. Thus, while DBCLT is a variable method of determining an individual’s characteristic level of fibrinolytic activity, it is probably lees so than other commonly used methods. The results of this experiment suggest that a previous estimate of the within-person variability of DBCLT (Meade and North, 1977, British Medical Bulletin, 33, 283) may have been too high.

Marathon Run III: Effects on Coagulation, Fibrinolysis, Platelet Aggregation and Serum Cortisol Levels

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 049-052 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Mandalaki ◽  
A Dessypris ◽  
C Louizou ◽  
C Panayotopoulou ◽  
C Dimitriadou
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Gelation Test

SummaryBlood coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet count-aggregation and Cortisol were assessed in 35 Finnish amateur runners aged 27 to 56 years (mean 40) and three aged 65, 67, and 82 who had run a non-competitive Marathon in 1975, 1976 and 1977 over the classical itinerary. After the run, in all 3 years, APTT showed shortening (p < 0.001); prothrombin time and plasma fibrinogen were not significantly altered; euglobulin lysis time was shorter (p < 0.001) and FDP increased (p < 0.001); PSPT became positive in all subjects, whereas the ethanol gelation test remained negative; no cryofibrinogen was detected. Platelet count and aggregation showed increase (p < 0.001) in 1975 (extreme heat, 25° C) but remained unaltered in 1976, 1977 (15–18° C). Cortisol levels were always significantly increased – more markedly in 1975. Women’s responses were similar to those of men. A possible correlation between physical fitness and the responses of haemostatic balance is suggested and the influence of weather is discussed.

Comparison of variability of different methods of measuring fibrinolytic activity

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Chakrabarti ◽  
S Thompson ◽  
T Meade
Keyword(s):  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Laboratory Error ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Plate Area

The Northwick Park Heart Study has drawn attention to the variability, especially within-person, of the dilute blood clot lysis time (DBCLT). However, this method has considerable practical advantages in large-scale surveys. The variability of DBCLT has therefore been compared with that of the euglobulin lysis time (ELT) and the euglobulin fibrin plate area (EFPA). Each measurement has been made 10 times over a 9 month period in each of 12 healthy people; fibrinogen levels have also been measured. As expected, highly significant correlations (r) have been obtained between the three methods: DBCLT and ELT, + 0.63; DBCLT and EFPA, - 0.47; ELT and EFPA, - 0.54 (P<0.001 in each case). The between-person variance, distinguishing one person from another, accounts for 60% of the total variance in DBCLT, 35% in ELT and 10% in EFPA. For fibrinogen, the value is nearly 90%. The rest of the variance in each case is accounted for by biological within-person variation and laboratory error. Thus, while DBCLT is a variable method of determining an individual’s characteristic level of fibrinolytic activity, it is probably less so than other commonly used methods. The results of this experiment suggest that a previous estimate of the within-person variability of DBCLT (Meade and North, 1977, British Medical Bulletin, 33, 283) may have been too high.

Impaired Blood and Tissue Fibrinolysis in Patients With Recurrent Venous Thrombosis

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schiavoni ◽  
M. Parato ◽  
R. Ciavarella-Berlingerio ◽  
T. Frontera ◽  
A. Cicolella
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Plasminogen Activators ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Histochemical Technique ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Recurrent Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Fibrinolytic Capacity

Blood and tissue fibrinolysis were studied in 70 patients(p.) with recurrent venous thrombosis. The fibrinolytic activity and the release of plasminogen activators “fibrinolytic capacity” by 10 min. venous occlusion were detected by using acetate-buffered diluted clot lysis time, euglobulin lysis time and resuspended euglobulin precipitate on unheated fibrin plates. Plasminogen activator content in the wall of superficiel hand veins in 40 p, was measured by Pandolfi’s modified histochemical technique. Our studies showed a significantly low content of plasminogen activators in the vessel walls in, more then 60% of p. in good correlation with blood defective fibrinolytic activity and/or capacity.

Influence of Moderate and Strenuous Daily Physical Activity on Fibrinolytic Activity of Blood: Possibility of Plasminogen Activator Stores Depletion

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (04) ◽  
pp. 745-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Keber ◽  
Mojca Stegnar ◽  
Irena Keber ◽  
Bojan Accetto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Strenuous Activity ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Clot Lysis Time

SummaryFibrinolysis was studied in 10 alpinists during regular physical activity of different intensity. Blood was sampled at rest and after exposure to submaximal workload on the treadmill on three occasions: before and after 6 months physical conditioning (moderate physical activity), and after 6 weeks of an alpinistic expedition (strenuous physical activity). Measurements included submaximal working capacity, fibrinogen, euglobulin clot lysis time (ELT), whole plasma clot lysis time, and estimations derived from ELT - percent increase in fibrinolytic activity after exercise (RFS), and absolute increase in fibrinolytic activity after exercise (PAR).Regular moderate activity increased the resting level of ELT, but strenuous activity decreased is. After each treadmill testing, a marked increase in fibrinolytic activity was observed. RFS was unaltered at all three testings. PAR increased after moderate activity, but decreased after strenuous activity.The results indicate that regular physical activity can lead from enhanced to decreased resting activity of plasminogen activator in blood. It is presumed that increased release of activator during prolonged stress causes partial depletion of endothelial stores with the consequence of decreased activator activity in the blood.

Plasma Fibrinolytic Activity Following Oral Anabolic Steroid Therapy

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 236-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D Walker ◽  
J. F Davidson ◽  
P Young ◽  
J. A Conkie
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Anabolic Steroid ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Detailed Evaluation ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time

SummarySix anabolic steroids were assessed for their ability to enhance plasma fibrinolytic activity in males with ischaemic heart disease. Five 17α-alkylated steroids (Ethyloestrenol, Norethandrolone, Methandienone, Methylandrostenediol and Oxymetholone) were examined and all produced a significant increase in plasma plasminogen activator as measured by the euglobulin lysis time. The only non-17α-alkylated steroid studied (Methenolone acetate) failed to enhance fibrinolysis. The 17α-alkylated steroids studied all deserve more detailed evaluation of their long term effects on plasma fibrinolytic activity.

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