Oxygen Consumption of Skeletal Muscles Relaxing Under Tension

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 981-985
Author(s):  
Roger McCarter
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
External Load ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Moist Chamber ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Frog Sartorius

The oxygen consumption of isolated frog sartorius muscles was measured in a moist chamber at 12 °C. The muscles were indirectly stimulated to perform two series of contractions: in the first of these the imposed loads re-extended the muscles in relaxation, whereas in the second series relaxation occurred without the external load. No difference in oxygen consumption was detected between the two series of experiments. In both, lightly loaded contractions resulted in less oxygen uptake than isometric contractions at the resting length and heavily loaded contractions resulted in a greater consumption than in the isometric case. It is concluded that, within the limitations of the technique used, there is no additional oxygen consumption associated with the persistence of tension in a muscle during relaxation.

Depressing effects of calcium antagonists on oxygen consumption in isolated skeletal muscle during potassium depolarization

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 836-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Calcium Antagonists ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Potassium Depolarization ◽  
Dantrolene Sodium ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Frog Sartorius

The effects of two Ca2+-antagonizing drugs, dantrolene sodium (DAN) and TMB-8, on subcontracture, K+-induced increased oxygen consumption were studied in isolated frog sartorius muscles. Incubation in Ringer's solution +18 mM KCl caused a marked increase in averaged resting oxygen uptake (52.8 ± 4.1 to 278.2 ± 20.0 mm3∙g−1∙h−1). Incubation in Ringer 's +18 mM KCl containing either 0.116 mM TMB-8 or 0.035 mM DAN resulted in a significant reduction in the averaged metabolic response (264.4 ± 30.8 (control) vs. 142.3 ± 19.0 (TMB-8) vs. 72.2 ± 3.4 (DAN)). The results suggest that the enhanced metabolic rate observed upon elevating extracellular [K+] to just below contracture levels is due to increased intracellular Ca2+ release.

scholarly journals Oxygen consumption in mouse skeletal muscles stimulated Na-permeability in vitro

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Hideto Awano ◽  
Tetsuya Hasegawa ◽  
Masakazu Nishimura ◽  
Osamu Yagasaki ◽  
Katsuaki Ito
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Na Permeability

The energy requirement for sodium extrusion from a frog muscle

1954 ◽  
Vol 142 (908) ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Sodium Efflux ◽  
External Potassium ◽  
Radioactive Sodium ◽  
Sodium Extrusion ◽  
Frog Sartorius ◽  
Made In

Parallel measurements have been made of the oxygen consumption and efflux of radioactive sodium in pairs of frog sartorius muscles. Calculation of the amount of secretory work necessary for an active extrusion of sodium at the observed rate showed that it would involve the utilization of about one-tenth of the energy available from resting metabolism.This figure may reasonably be regarded as a lower limit to the efficiency of the secretory mechanism. Some of the measurements were made in a potassium-free Ringer’s solution, and others with an external potassium concentration of 10mM. In the potassium-rich medium, both the sodium efflux and the oxygen consumption were increased, the proportion of the energy production required for sodium extrusion remaining roughly constant. The action of dinitrophenol and other metabolic inhibitors on the sodium efflux in sartorius muscles was examined, but there were no very obvious effects.

scholarly journals No major thermogenic role for (Na+ + K+)-dependent adenosine triphosphatase apparent in hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 202 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Clark ◽  
M Brinkman ◽  
O H Filsell ◽  
S J Lewis ◽  
M N Berry
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Liver Parenchymal ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Isolated Liver

(Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase activity, heat production and oxygen consumption were increased by 59%, 62% and 75% respectively in hepatocytes from tri-iodothyronine-treated rats. Ouabain at concentrations of 1 and 10 mM decreased oxygen uptake by 2-8% in hepatocytes from euthyroid rats and by 5-15% in hepatocytes from hyperthyroid animals. Heat output was decreased by 4-9% with the glycoside in isolated liver parenchymal cells from the control animals and by 11% in the cells from the tri-iodothyronine-treated animals. These results do not support the hypothesis that hepatic (Na+ + K+)-ATPase plays a major role in increased heat production in hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats.

The effect of the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis upon the respiration of its intermediate host, Gammarus pulex

Parasitology ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Rumpus ◽  
C. R. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Pomphorhynchus Laevis ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Host Parasite

The respiration rates of individual Gammarus pulex infected by larval Pomphorhynchus laevis were investigated with particular reference to the stage of development of the host and parasite and to the water temperature. At 20°C the oxygen consumption of Gammarus of all sizes was reduced by an average of 19·3 % by the presence of cystacanths of the parasite, but was unaffected by the presence of acanthellae. It is considered that the small size of this larval stage, in relation to that of its host, is responsible for the failure to detect an effect. Multiple infections did not exert any greater effect upon host respiration than single cystacanths, nor did it appear that the parasite had different effects upon hosts of different sexes. At 10°C no significant differences were observed between the respiration rates of infected and uninfected gammarids. The parasite was probably still depressing the host respiration rate at this temperature, but the oxygen uptake of G. pulex is so low that the differences between infected and uninfected individuals were too small to be detected. The parasite has a direct effect upon the physiological processes of the host, but neither the mechanism of this nor the reasons for the different effects found in different host-parasite systems are yet understood. Despite the pronounced effect of P. laevis on respiration of individual hosts, its effect upon the oxygen consumption of a natural host population is small since only a small proportion of the population carries infections and water temperatures remain below 10°C for over half the year.

Role of adenosine in postprandial and reactive hyperemia in canine jejunum

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. G487-G493 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Sawmiller ◽  
C. C. Chou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Reactive Hyperemia ◽  
Concentration Difference ◽  
Adenosine Concentration ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

The role of adenosine in postprandial jejunal hyperemia was investigated by determining the effect of placement of predigested food into the jejunal lumen on blood flow and oxygen consumption before and during intra-arterial infusion of dipyridamole (1.5 microM arterial concn) or adenosine deaminase (9 U/ml arterial concn) in anesthetized dogs. Neither drug significantly altered resting jejunal blood flow and oxygen consumption. Before dipyridamole or deaminase, food placement increased blood flow by 30-36%, 26-42%, and 21-46%, and oxygen consumption by 13-22%, 21-22%, and 26-29%, during 0- to 3-, 4- to 7-, and 8- to 11-min placement periods, respectively. Adenosine deaminase abolished the entire 11-min hyperemia, whereas dipyridamole significantly enhanced the initial 7-min hyperemia (45-49%). Both drugs abolished the initial 7-min food-induced increase in oxygen consumption. Dipyridamole attenuated (14%), whereas deaminase did not alter (28%), the increased oxygen consumption that occurred at 8-11 min. Adenosine deaminase also prevented the food-induced increase in venoarterial adenosine concentration difference. In separate series of experiments, luminal placement of food significantly increased jejunal lymphatic adenosine concentration and release. Also, reactive hyperemia was accompanied by an increase in venous adenosine concentration and release. This study provides further evidence to support the thesis that adenosine plays a role in postprandial and reactive hyperemia in the canine jejunum.

scholarly journals Oxygen uptake during mineralization of photosynthesized carbon from phytoplankton of the Barra Bonita Reservoir: a mesocosm study

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
MB. Cunha-Santino ◽  
SP. Gouvêa ◽  
I. Bianchini Jr ◽  
AAH. Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbial Respiration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Aulacoseira Granulata

This study aimed to discuss and describe the oxygen consumption during aerobic mineralization of organic products (cells and excretion products) from five unialgal cultures: Cryptomonas sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena spiroides, Thalassiosira sp. and Aulacoseira granulata. These species were isolated from Barra Bonita reservoir (22º 29’ S and 48º 34’ W) and cultivated in the laboratory. From each culture, two decomposition chambers were prepared; each chamber contained about 130 mg.L-1 of carbon from water samples of the reservoir. The chambers were aerated and incubated in the dark at 20.0 ºC. The concentration of dissolved oxygen, pH values and electrical conductivity of the solutions were determined during a period of 10 days. The results indicated increases in oxygen consumption for all the solutions studied and also for electrical conductivity. The pH values presented a decreasing tendency throughout the experiment. Oxygen consumption varied from 43 (Aulacoseira granulata chamber) to 345 mg O2 g-1 C (Anabaena spiroides chamber). Decrease in pH values was probably due to increase in CO2 concentration from microbial respiration. Increase in electrical conductivity might be due to the liberation of ions during decomposition. The results demonstrate the potentiality of the studied genera in influencing oxygen availability followed by a die-off event. It also indicates the possibility of changing of the electrical conductivity and pH values in the water column due the aerobic algae mineralization.

Metabolic control of Argyropelecus hemigymnus photophores: effects of glucose and pyruvate

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2410-2413 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mallefet ◽  
F. Baguet
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Mesopelagic Fish ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hypometabolic State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

Modifications in oxygen consumption and luminescence of isolated luminescent organs of the mesopelagic fish Argyropelecus hemigymnus following glucose and pyruvate administration were studied before and during light emission triggered by adrenaline. Isolated photophores (mean fresh weight 13.5 ± 0.9 mg) at rest, i.e., in the absence of light emission, in saline (20 °C) exhibit a respiration rate of 1.045 ± 0.082 (SE) nmol O2/min (n = 35). A significant decrease (p = 0.05) in oxygen consumption was observed after the addition of 5.5 mM glucose. Instead of the oxygen decrease usually observed as a result of control stimulations using adrenaline, photophores pretreated with glucose increased their oxygen uptake in response to adrenaline, and maximal light emission was reduced by 85% (p = 0.01). The addition of 5.5 mM pyruvate induced a significant transient increase (p = 0.05) in oxygen uptake of isolated photophores, though this treatment did not statistically modify the mean time course of oxygen consumption and light emission in response to adrenaline. The hypothesis of a hypometabolic state of the isolated photophores of A. hemigymnus during light emission is discussed.

THE IN VITRO ACTION OF ACTH ON THE OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF SLICES OF CATTLE ADRENAL CORTEX

1953 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. REISS ◽  
EVA BRUMMEL ◽  
I. D. K. HALKERSTON ◽  
F. E. BADRICK ◽  
M. FENWICK
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Oxygen Consumption Rate ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Biological Assay ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Small Doses

A technique for measuring the action of small doses of ACTH on the oxygen consumption of slices of cattle adrenal cortex is described. The oxygen consumption rate of such slices in vitro is increased by ACTH. A linear relationship between logarithm of the dose of ACTH and the percentage increase in the rate of oxygen uptake is obtained with this method, and its suitability for biological assay purposes has been investigated. The question of the specificity of this action of ACTH is discussed.

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