Inhibition of prostaglandin effects by ouabain in the canine vascular tissue

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 871-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kadar ◽  
F. A. Sunahara
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Mesenteric Vein ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Media ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions ◽  
Dose Dependent

The effects of prostaglandins on the isolated mesenteric vein and artery of the dog were investigated. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) inhibited spontaneous contractions of the tissue whereas prostaglandin F1α (PGF1α) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) stimulated them. The effects of prostaglandins were not influenced by pretreatment with atropine, phenoxybenzamine, propranolol, or tetrodotoxin. The norepinephrine-induced contractions were inhibited by PGE1 and enhanced by PGF1α and PGF2α Both these contrasting effects were enhanced in a low concentration of K+ (1.2 mM) and diminished when the media contained K+ in high concentration (23.2 mM). Pretreatment of the tissue with ouabain in sufficiently high concentration (1.5 × 10−5 M) produced an initial contracture followed by relaxation. PGE1 and PGF1α had no effect on the ouabain-treated tissue but PGF2α still induced dose-dependent contractions. In the ouabain-treated tissue the effects of PGE1 and PGF1α on the norepinephrine-induced contraction were also absent. From these experiments it is concluded that the transport enzyme (Na+ + K+)-dependent ATPase is necessary for PGE1 and PGF1α to elicit their action on vascular tissue. The PGF2α effect is probably mediated by an enzyme which is not sensitive to ouabain.

Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on isolated bovine mesenteric lymph vessels

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (1) ◽  
pp. H42-H47 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ohhashi ◽  
N. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Kawai
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelium ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Lymph Vessels ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The mode of action of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on bovine mesenteric lymphatics was investigated by recording isometric tensions in isolated cylindrical segments. ANP in concentrations from 5 to 30 ng/ml caused dose-related decreases in the rhythm and amplitude of spontaneous contractions. No tachyphylaxis was observed in the ANP-induced responses in lymph vessels. Addition of ANP in a low concentration ranging from 3 to 100 ng/ml produced a dose-dependent relaxation in the lymphatic preparations precontracted by 10(-7) M bradykinin. The ANP-induced relaxation was not modified by pretreatment with 5 x 10(-7) M propranolol, 5 x 10(-7) M atropine, 10(-6) M cimetidine, 5 x 10(-5) M aspirin, or 10(-5) M ouabain. The mechanical rubbing of endothelial cells in the lymph vessels caused no significant effect on the ANP-induced relaxation. The relaxation, however, was significantly reduced by pretreatment with 10(-5) M methylene blue. These results suggest that ANP in a low concentration seems to inhibit lymph transport through a reduction of spontaneous contractions and a marked relaxation of lymphatic smooth muscles in bovine mesenteric lymphatics and that ANP may produce the relaxation through synthesis of guanosine 3',5' cyclic monophosphate, independent of the lymphatic endothelium.

Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α on in vitro Prostaglandin Production in Buffalo Corpus Luteum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Tripathi ◽  
S. Mondal ◽  
I.J. Reddy ◽  
A. Mor
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: Corpus luteum plays key role in embryonic survival. Prostaglandins are the important regulator controlling the life span of corpus luteum. The present study investigated the effect of various doses of TNFα on in vitro PGF2α and PGE2 production and expression profiling of PGFS and PGES mRNA in buffalo Corpus Luteum (CL).Methods: Buffalo ovaries with mid-luteal phase CL were collected from the abattoir and CL were enucleated from surrounding tissues. Corpus luteum were finely chopped, rinsed with HBSS (Hanks Balanced Salt Solution) medium; supplemented with gentamycin and 0.1% BSA and incubated at 37°C for 1 hr in HBSS containing 0.1% collagenase. The cell suspension following filtration was washed by HBBS supplemented with gentamycin and 0.1% BSA (bovine serum albumin) and was treated with increasing doses of TNFα (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 nM) and cultured at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 level for 24 hr. Result: There was dose dependent increase in concentrations of PGF2α and PGE2 with increasing doses of TNFα. The PGFS (prostaglandin F synthase) mRNA expression increased with increasing doses of TNFα. However, there was decrease in PGES (prostaglandin E synthase) mRNA expression at 0.1 nM and 0.5 nM TNFα but PGES mRNA expression increased at 1.0 nM TNFα as compared to control. It can be concluded that TNFα may alter PGES and PGFS mRNA expression and prostaglandin secretion in buffalo CL. 

scholarly journals 3,3’-Diindolylmethane induces apoptosis and autophagy in fission yeast

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0255758
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Emami ◽  
Masaru Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Early Time ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Early Time Point ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Autophagy Induction ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Time Point

3,3’-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, found in the broccoli family. It induces apoptosis and autophagy in some types of human cancer. DIM extends lifespan in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The mechanisms by which DIM induces apoptosis and autophagy in humans and expands lifespan in fission yeasts are not fully understood. Here, we show that DIM induces apoptosis and autophagy in log-phase cells, which is dose-dependent in fission yeast. A high concentration of DIM disrupted the nuclear envelope (NE) structure and induced chromosome condensation at an early time point. In contrast, a low concentration of DIM induced autophagy but did not disrupt NE structure. The mutant defective in autophagy was more sensitive to a low concentration of DIM, demonstrating that the autophagic pathway contributes to the survival of cells against DIM. Moreover, our results showed that the lem2 mutant is more sensitive to DIM. NE in the lem2 mutant was disrupted even at the low concentration of DIM. Our results demonstrate that the autophagic pathway and NE integrity are important to maintain viability in the presence of a low concentration of DIM. The mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy induction by DIM might be conserved in fission yeast and humans. Further studies will contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy by DIM in fission yeast and humans.

THE EFFECT OF OUABAIN ON ALDOSTERONE PRODUCTION IN THE RAT

1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Sz. Szalay
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Aldosterone Production ◽  
The Media ◽  
Renin Content

ABSTRACT Chronic treatment with ouabain increases aldosterone production in the rat but has no effect on the renal renin content. The effect of ouabain in vitro on aldosterone depends on its concentration and the K content of the media: 10−8 m ouabain and 4 and 8 meq./l K and 10−4 m and 4 meq./l K intensify, while 10−3 m at 6 and 8 meq./l K inhibits production. In the present experiments, ouabain at low concentration increased and at high concentration reduced aldosterone production.

Studies on the prostaglandin E-2-9-ketoreductase mediated production of prostaglandin F-2α and its metabolism in cultured rabbit luteal cells

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Schlegel ◽  
Dieter Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract. Luteal cells were isolated from pseudopregnant rabbits on days 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 post ovulation. Prostaglandin concentration and the activities of the enzymes prostaglandin E-2-9-ketoreductase and prostaglandin-15-hydroxydehydrogenase were determined. Luteal cells from day 7 and 12 of pseudopregnancy were maintained in culture for 24 h and then exposed to a mixture of [1-14C]PGE2 (70 μmol/l) in the presence or absence of estradiol-17β. After a 24 h incubation period, the culture medium was adjusted to pH 3.5, immediately extracted and analysed for PG. Cultured luteal cells were able to convert exogenously applied PGE2 to PGF2α and to metabolize both PGs. Primary PGs as well as their metabolites 15-keto PGE2, 15-keto PGF2α, 13,14 dihydro15-keto PGE2, and 13,14 dihydro-15-keto PGF2α were detected in the culture medium and in the cells. The addition of estradiol-17β together with PGE2 caused a significant reduction in the PGE2-9-ketoreductase mediated PGF2α synthesis, whereas the metabolism of PGE2 remained unchanged. This inhibitory effect of estradiol-17β was dose-dependent on day 12 of pseudopregnancy. The results demonstrate that isolated rabbit luteal cells are able to synthesize and metabolize the luteolytic factor PGF2α. Whether the inhibitory effect of estradiol-17β may have any physiological relevance has to be examined in further studies.

scholarly journals Renal lymphatic vessel dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 319 (6) ◽  
pp. F1027-F1036
Author(s):  
Elaine L. Shelton ◽  
Hai-Chun Yang ◽  
Jianyong Zhong ◽  
Michele M. Salzman ◽  
Valentina Kon
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Vessel ◽  
Loop Diuretic ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Vasoactive Factors ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Spontaneous Contractions ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Target Effects

Similar to other organs, renal lymphatics remove excess fluid, solutes, and macromolecules from the renal interstitium. Given the kidney’s unique role in maintaining body fluid homeostasis, renal lymphatics may be critical in this process. However, little is known regarding the pathways involved in renal lymphatic vessel function, and there are no studies on the effects of drugs targeting impaired interstitial clearance, such as diuretics. Using pressure myography, we showed that renal lymphatic collecting vessels are sensitive to changes in transmural pressure and have an optimal range of effective pumping. In addition, they are responsive to vasoactive factors known to regulate tone in other lymphatic vessels including prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and their spontaneous contractility requires Ca2+ and Cl−. We also demonstrated that Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporter Nkcc1, but not Nkcc2, is expressed in extrarenal lymphatic vessels. Furosemide, a loop diuretic that inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl− cotransporters, induced a dose-dependent dilation in lymphatic vessels and decreased the magnitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, thereby reducing the ability of these vessels to propel lymph. Ethacrynic acid, another loop diuretic, had no effect on vessel tone. These data represent a significant step forward in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying renal lymphatic vessel function and highlight potential off-target effects of furosemide that may exacerbate fluid accumulation in edema-forming conditions.

Microcirculatory effects of prostaglandins

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Viguera ◽  
F. A. Sunahara
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Television Camera ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Cremasteric Muscle

In vivo microscopy was utilized to evaluate the vasomotor action of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in the mesocecal and cremasteric muscle circulation of the rat. Vessel dimensions were monitored by using a novel system consisting of microscope, image-splitting eyepiece, television camera, videoscreen, and a write-out apparatus giving exact minute to minute measurements of the microvessel lumen diameter. Intravenous administration of PGE1 decreased systemic blood pressure with a concomitant increase in diameter of the metarterioles of the cremaster muscle and a decrease in diameter of the metarterioles of the mesocecum; it effectively inhibited the constrictor effect of topically applied norepinephrine and epinephrine on the mesocecum metarterioles. Constrictor effects of topically applied angiotensin II were not altered. Intravenous PGF2α increased systemic blood pressure with a concomitant decrease in metarteriolar diameter in both the mesocecum and cremaster muscles. The vascular effects of PGE1 could be explained by its apparent ability to block at the postganglionic sympathetic neuroeffector site where PGE1 acts on the vascular tissue, modulating its response to adrenergic stimulants, whereas PGF2α acts as a direct stimulant of the vascular smooth muscle.

scholarly journals 3,3'-Diindolylmethane induces apoptosis and autophagy in fission yeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvaneh Emami ◽  
Masaru Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Envelope ◽  
Fission Yeast ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Early Time ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Early Time Point ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Autophagy Induction ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Time Point

3,3’-Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a compound derived from the digestion of indole-3-carbinol, found in the broccoli family. It induces apoptosis and autophagy in some types of human cancer. DIM extends lifespan in the fission yeast  Schizosaccharomyces pombe . The mechanisms by which DIM induces apoptosis and autophagy in humans and expands lifespan in fission yeasts are not fully understood. Here, we show that DIM induces apoptosis and autophagy in log-phase cells, which is dose-dependent in fission yeast. A high concentration of DIM disrupted the nuclear envelope (NE) structure and induced chromosome condensation at an early time point. In contrast, a low concentration of DIM induced autophagy but did not disrupt NE structure. The mutant defective in autophagy was more sensitive to a low concentration of DIM, demonstrating that the autophagic pathway contributes to the survival of cells against DIM. Moreover, our results showed that the  lem2 mutant is more sensitive to DIM. NE in the  lem2  mutant was disrupted even at the low concentration of DIM. Our results demonstrate that the autophagic pathway and NE integrity are important to maintain viability in the presence of a low concentration of DIM. The mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy induction by DIM might be conserved in fission yeast and humans. Further studies will contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of apoptosis and autophagy by DIM in fission yeast and humans.

scholarly journals Cardiac effects of prostaglandins E1 and F1α

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao V. S. V. Vadlamudi ◽  
John H. McNheill
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotide ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Contractile Force ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Tension Development ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
Perfused Hearts ◽  
Dose Dependent

The effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and prostaglandin F1α (PGF1α) were studied on perfused rat hearts and isolated rat atria. Both PGE1 and PGF1α produced dose-dependent increases in right atrial rate but had no effect on left atrial tension development. PGE1 (10−4 M) increased right atrial cyclic AMP content without changing phosphorylase a activity. PGF1α (10−4 M) did not change right atrial cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP content. Both prostaglandins had no effect on left atrial cyclic nucleotide content. When infused at a rate of 1 μg/min, PGE1 produced a time-dependent increase in cyclic AMP content in the Langendorff perfused hearts but did not alter contractile force development or phosphorylase a activity. An infusion of PGF1α produced a dose-dependent increase in tension development which was secondary to a negative chronotropic effect. PGF1α (1 μg/min) did not produce any changes in cyclic nucleotide levels or phosphorylase a activity in the Langendorff perfused hearts. These results show that PGE1 can selectively increase myocardial cyclic AMP content without altering contractile force or phosphorylase activity and that PGF1α does not increase rat cardiac AMP levels.

Study on Switch from High-concentration to Low-concentration Tacalcitol during Concomitant Use of Bath-PUVA Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 660-664
Author(s):  
Maki IWAKIRI ◽  
Noriko YASAKA ◽  
Kotaro ITO ◽  
Yuichi YOSHIDA ◽  
Yumiko KUBOTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puva Therapy ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Concentration
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