THE EFFECT OF ACTH, CORTISONE, DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE, AND ACTH PLUS THYROID ON THE AMYLOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE PANCREAS IN HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND INTACT RATS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret T. Nishikawara ◽  
Rosemary D. Hawkins ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Exocrine Pancreas ◽  
Amylolytic Activity ◽  
Complete Restoration ◽  
Pancreas Weight ◽  
Intact Rats

After hypophysectomy the pancreas was reduced in weight and its amylolytic activity decreased. This activity was restored partially by the administration of ACTH or by cortisone, but desoxycorticosterone was without significant effect. When both ACTH and desiccated thyroid were given together, complete restoration of pancreas weight per unit of body weight was achieved but amylolytic activity, though significantly increased over the levels found in the hypophysectomized animals, was still below that found in intact pair-fed controls. It appears that part of the pituitary influence in maintaining the exocrine pancreas is mediated through the adrenal cortex and that the 11-oxygenated steroids are involved in this effect.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE THYROID GLAND ON THE ISLETS OF LANGERHANS AND THE PANCREAS

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 380-384
Author(s):  
B. Kinash ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Great Reduction ◽  
Islet Tissue ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Pancreas Weight ◽  
Intact Rats

When sufficiently large amounts of desiccated thyroid gland were administered to intact or hypophysectomized rats there was an increase in the weight of the pancreas, weight of the islets of Langerhans, and islet weight per unit of body weight. In intact rats the concentration of islet tissue in the pancreas was not significantly altered, but in hypophysectomized animals the concentration of islet tissue in the pancreas was reduced because of the large increase in pancreas weight. The great reduction in pancreas weight occasioned by hypophysectomy was to a large extent prevented by the administration of desiccated thyroid gland.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE THYROID GLAND ON THE ISLETS OF LANGERHANS AND THE PANCREAS

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kinash ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Great Reduction ◽  
Islet Tissue ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Pancreas Weight ◽  
Intact Rats

When sufficiently large amounts of desiccated thyroid gland were administered to intact or hypophysectomized rats there was an increase in the weight of the pancreas, weight of the islets of Langerhans, and islet weight per unit of body weight. In intact rats the concentration of islet tissue in the pancreas was not significantly altered, but in hypophysectomized animals the concentration of islet tissue in the pancreas was reduced because of the large increase in pancreas weight. The great reduction in pancreas weight occasioned by hypophysectomy was to a large extent prevented by the administration of desiccated thyroid gland.

Role of the Splanchnic Nerve and the Adrenal Medulla in the Genesis of ‘Preoptic Pulmonary Edema’

1956 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick W. Maire ◽  
Harry D. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Splanchnic Nerve ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Splanchnic Nerves ◽  
Intact Rats

The pulmonary edema which follows preoptic lesions in rats is prevented by antecedent bilateral section of the splanchnic nerves. Intravenous epinephrine in doses exceeding 0.0125 mg/100 gm body weight causes fatal lung edema in rats comparable to that produced by preoptic lesions. Moreover, extracted pressor amines from rat adrenal glands cause lung edema, often fatal, when injected into the donor or into intact rats. However, adrenal demedullation does not prevent lung edema following preoptic lesions. Hence the protective effect of splanchnectomy against preoptic lesions is not wholly due to adrenal denervation. It is tentatively suggested that preoptic lung edema results from overloading of the pulmonary circuit owing to splanchnic mediated constriction of visceral venous reservoirs. Liver and spleen weights of animals dying from preoptic lung edema were significantly less than normal.

l-THYROXINE, CORTISOL AND DIET AFFECT THE LEVEL OF AMYLASE IN THE PAROTID GLAND OF DEVELOPING RATS

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAYOSHI KUMEGAWA ◽  
NORIHIKO MAEDA ◽  
TOSHIHIKO YAJIMA ◽  
TAISHIN TAKUMA ◽  
EIKO IKEDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Early Increase ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

The effects of cortisol (10 μg/g body weight) and l-thyroxine (T4; 0·2 μg/g body weight) on the activity of parotid gland amylase in young rats were investigated. Administration of cortisol or T4 for 5 consecutive days from day 5 after birth caused the precocious appearance of amylase, T4 having almost twice the effect of cortisol. Cortisol and T4 did not have synergistic effects. In thyroidectomized-adrenalectomized rats, T4 increased amylase activity but cortisol did not. The increase in enzyme activity after day 20 was much less in rats thyroidectomized on day 10 than in rats adrenalectomized on day 10. These results suggest that T4 has a direct effect on the early increase of amylase activity (days 15–25) and that the action of glucocorticoid requires the presence of endogenous thyroid hormones. The hormone-induced level of amylase in intact rats was less than that of normal adult rats. Forced weaning of intact rats resulted in a further increase in amylase activity, suggesting that further amylase accumulation (after day 25) may be due to dietary factors.

scholarly journals KARATERISTIK ORGAN BAGIAN DALAM AYAM BURAS YANG DIBERI PAKAN MINYAK KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DALAM RANSUM

ZOOTEC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Jein Rinny Leke ◽  
F.N. Sompie ◽  
E. Wantasen ◽  
T. Widyastuti ◽  
E.H.B. Sondakh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Pancreas Weight

INTERNAL ORGANS CHAR ACTERISTICS OF NATIVE CHICKEN FED BY COCONUT OIL (Cocos nucifera) ON DIET. The research was carried to determine the internal organs characteristics of buras chickens fed coconut (Cocos mucifera) oil in diet. A total 100 unsexed buras chickens was used in this experiment. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications (4 hens each). The data were subjected to analysis of variance, when the treatments indicated significant effect it was continued Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Five dietary treatments containing 0, 0.5%, 1 %, 1,5%, and 2% levels of coconut oil (CO) with five replicates were applied to chickens.  Parameters measured were body weight, heart, liver, pancreas  and gizzard weight. Result showed that CO in the ration significantly increased the body weight (P<0.01) but did not affect to heart weight, liver weight, pancreas weight and gizzard weight.(P>0.05) It can be concluded that coconut oil in the diet can’t increase the internal organ characteristics. We can gave the 2% CO in the diet for the best results. Key words: Internal Organs, Coconut Oil, Buras Chickens

CONTINUOUS INTRAVENOUS INFUSION IN THE RAT, AND THE EFFECT ON THE ISLETS OF LANGERHANS OF THE CONTINUOUS INFUSION OF GLUCOSE

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kinash ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Continuous Infusion ◽  
Islets Of Langerhans ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Continuous Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Islet Tissue ◽  
Pancreas Weight

A method is described for the continuous intravenous infusion of fluids in the unanesthetized rat. When rats were infused continuously with glucose solutions for 6–14 days the total amount of islet tissue was greatly increased, as compared to that of saline-infused controls. This increase was evident also when considered in relation to pancreas weight or body weight.

THE EFFECT OF THYROID ADMINISTRATION ON THE PANCREATIC AMYLASE ACTIVITY OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND INTACT RATS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1373-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madelaine O. Maykut ◽  
Margaret T. Nishikawara ◽  
R. E. Haist
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Amylase ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Marked Atrophy ◽  
Intact Rats

The administration of desiccated thyroid gland to hypophysectomized rats prevented the marked atrophy of the pancreas which was consistently observed following hypophysectomy. Thyroid feeding at two dose levels led to a significant increase in the pancreatic amylase activity of hypophysectomized rats. This held whether the results were expressed as total activity or were given as activity per unit of body weight, per unit of pancreas, or per mg nitrogen. Except for the activity per unit of body weight, the amylase activity of the thyroid-treated hypophysectomized rats was significantly lower than the amylase activity in untreated, intact controls. In the thyroid-fed, hypophysectomized rats the amylase activity per unit of body weight was not significantly different from that of intact, untreated controls.Thyroid administration in intact rats resulted in a decrease in the pancreatic amylase activity.

scholarly journals OBSERVATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE HYPOPHYSIS AND THE ADRENAL CORTEX ON BLOOD PLATELET LEVELS

Blood ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 936-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELIJAH ADAMS
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Physiologic Saline ◽  
Maximum Rise ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

Abstract Observations were made to investigate possible endocrine influences on blood platelets. Adrenal cortex extract failed to influence the platelet counts of mice, rats, or rabbits. Adrenalectomy and sham-adrenalectomy were followed by almost identical platelet increases in mice and rats. Administration of adrenal cortex extract, or physiologic saline, to adrenalectomized rats was followed by a consistent fall in platelets not observed in sham-adrenalectomized rats, or after administering distilled water to adrenalectomized rats. Platelet levels in hypophysectomized rats were significantly lower than in unoperated controls. Splenectomy in hypophysectomized rats was followed by a maximum rise in platelets markedly lower than following splenectomy in intact rats. Bone-marrow megakaryocytes in hypophysectomized rats were significantly fewer than in intact rats. No changes in megakaryocyte number or morphology appeared following splenectomy either in intact or hypophysectomized rats.

THE SECRETION OF ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE IN RESPONSE TO HAEMORRHAGE AND THE FATE OF VASOPRESSIN IN ADRENALECTOMIZED RATS

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. GINSBURG
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Posterior Pituitary ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

SUMMARY 1. The antidiuretic potency of arterial blood from adrenalectomized rats was greater than that from intact rats, but only if 2 or more ml. of blood were taken from each rat. It is concluded that the amounts of posterior pituitary antidiuretic hormone released during haemorrhage are greater in adrenalectomized than in intact rats. 2. The effect of haemorrhage on the antidiuretic potency of blood in adrenalectomized rats treated with sodium chloride or cortisone was not different from that in intact rats. 3. The disappearance of intravenously injected vasopressin (100 mU/100 g body weight) was retarded after adrenalectomy. Up to 48 hr after adrenalectomy this was due to a reduced capacity of the kidneys to remove vasopressin from the circulation. 4. Treatment with cortisone increased the rate of disappearance of vasopressin in adrenalectomized rats, but the rate was not restored to that observed in intact animals. 5. Treatment with sodium chloride did not affect the rate at which vasopressin was removed from the circulation of adrenalectomized rats. 6. The excretion of an antidiuretic agent in the urine which followed intravenous injection of vasopressin (100 mU/100 g) 48 hr after adrenalectomy was equivalent to 2·1% of the dose. This compared with an excretion of 6·7% of the dose in intact animals.

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