CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION AND ACETYLCHOLINE OUTPUT

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 2637-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. M. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cholinergic Transmission ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Constant Output

Evidence is presented refuting the possibility that pyruvylcholine might be a transmitter in cholinergic transmission processes.The physiology and pharmacology of acetylcholine release is discussed, with special reference to recent work.Experiments on the output of acetylcholine from electrically stimulated ileum preparations are described. It is suggested that two output mechanisms may exist: one important at low firing rates, which yields a constant output of transmitter per unit time and is morphine-sensitive; the other brought in at higher frequencies of excitation, which yields a more nearly constant volley output, and is morphine-resistant.

CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION AND ACETYLCHOLINE OUTPUT

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 2637-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. M. Paton
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Acetylcholine Release ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cholinergic Transmission ◽  
Firing Rates ◽  
Constant Output

Evidence is presented refuting the possibility that pyruvylcholine might be a transmitter in cholinergic transmission processes.The physiology and pharmacology of acetylcholine release is discussed, with special reference to recent work.Experiments on the output of acetylcholine from electrically stimulated ileum preparations are described. It is suggested that two output mechanisms may exist: one important at low firing rates, which yields a constant output of transmitter per unit time and is morphine-sensitive; the other brought in at higher frequencies of excitation, which yields a more nearly constant volley output, and is morphine-resistant.

“A Study on the Influence of Rewards on Job Satisfaction With Special Reference to Education Industry in Oman”

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Mrs Nithya Sambamoorthy ◽  
Mr Subhash Kodiyil Raman ◽  
Mr Bhraguram Thayyil
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
College Of Technology ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This research is an examination and a study on the influence of rewards on job satisfaction of lecturers at Shinas College of Technology (ShCT). In academic industry, rewards are one of the factors that affecting job satisfaction of the employees and this will lead to affect their performance in their jobs. So, when rewards are more the job satisfaction will be high and when rewards are less the job satisfaction will be less. On the other hand, the age will not affect the job satisfaction. Previous research reveals that Job satisfaction is very important to success the industry and the rewards are the main factors which affect job satisfaction. The main purpose of this study is to know the influence of rewards in job satisfaction among the lecturers in ShCT. Moreover, this research attempts to identify how much rewards affect the job satisfaction in ShCT.  For this study used two types of data which are: primary data and secondary data. The sources of primary data is the response from lecturers at ShCT. It is collected through structured questionnaire and distributed such to 60 respondents. Secondary data, collected from internet, books, journals, articles etc.

scholarly journals Ideophones and reduplication

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 946-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dingemanse
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Semantics And Pragmatics ◽  
Sensory Imagery ◽  
Language Description

Repetition is one of the most basic operations on talk, often discussed for its iconic meanings. Ideophones are marked words that depict sensory imagery, often identified by their reduplicated forms. Yet not all reduplication is iconic, and not all ideophones are reduplicated. This paper discusses the semantics and pragmatics of repeated talk with special reference to ideophones. To understand these phenomena, it is useful to distinguish two modes of representation in language — description and depiction — along with cues like prosodic foregrounding that help steer listener’s interpretations from one to the other. Reduplication can partake in both modes, which is why it is common in ideophones and other areas of grammar. Using evidence from a range of languages, this paper shows how the study of ideophones sheds light on the interpretation of repeated talk, and argues that both description and depiction are fundamental to understanding how language works.

scholarly journals The spectrum of beryllium fluoride

1922 ◽  
Vol 101 (709) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Beryllium Fluoride ◽  
Previous Communication

In a previous communication, an account was given of an investigation of the spectra of the fluorides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, which was undertaken with a view to determine the numerical relations existing between these spectra. It was shown that the homologous series of the different spectra can be connected by empirical equations, involving only the constants of the series equations and the molecular weights or the molecular numbers of the respective compounds. It therefore seemed desirable to extend the investigation in order to ascertain if these relations are maintained in the spectrum of beryllium fluoride. Unlike the other alkaline earth compounds, the spectra of compounds of beryllium have previously received but little attention, and it has even remained doubtful whether the well-known groups of bands between λ4426 and λ5446 belong to the element itself or to the oxide. The present investigation has special reference to the spectrum of beryllium fluoride, which has not previously been recorded.

Diversity and Exclusivity

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-85
Author(s):  
M. Ashraf Adeel
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Passionate Commitment ◽  
The One

It is argued that religions seem to insist, paradoxically, on both exclusivity and diversity to inspire passionate commitment on the one hand and to allow for genuine choice of religion on the other. The argument is developed with special reference to Islam, with hints of similar strands of thought in Judaism and Christianity. The paradoxicality of this position of religions is similar to Kierkegaard’s interpretation of faith, as exhibited byAbraham in his sacrifice. Interpreting religions in this way provides us with a better context for understanding the exclusivism/pluralism debate.

Slums of Chennai around the Buckingham Canal - with special reference to Govindaswamy Nagar

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Dr. B Jishamol
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Mass Rapid Transit

Buckingham Canal bank was an important water - way of old Madras. It has been facing slow death due to many reasons such as encroachments by various constructions like MRTS (The Mass Rapid Transit System is popularly called MRTS), and also the Urban poor, the slum dwellers. The slum dwellers face various problems like, flooding, insanitary conditions, health and socio-economic issues. One of the major issue is the eviction process. In this link, the Elango Street of Govindaswamy Nagar has been allotted by the Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board based on G.O.Ms.No 163 Housing (F) Department, Dated 28.02.1973. Elango Street escapes all the natural problems the other slums are facing, but it is expected to be evicted. This critical issue made the researcher to compare Elango Street of Govindaswamy Nagar with the other slums on the banks of Central Buckingham Canal.

The Structure and Presentation of Contemporary Psychiatric Classifications with Special Reference to ICD-9 and 10

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (S1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The One ◽  
Near Future

The discussion here is largely concerned with the purposes and structure of classifications of clinical concepts, variously called diseases, illnesses, disorders and syndromes, which are the main reasons why patients go to see doctors. Multiaspect (or multiaxial) classification has deservedly come to the fore in recent years, and seems likely to increase in importance for purposes of education, communication and research in the near future, but it is mentioned only briefly in the following discussion. The main focus of attention for the moment is the clinical descriptions of disorders; this is, of course, usually the first aspect in a multiaspect system, and the one around which the other aspects tend to be organised.

The Impact of Subsidised Low-Fare Public Transport on Travel Behaviour

1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hay
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Income Redistribution ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, changes in travel behaviour in Sheffield-Rotherham (1972-1981) and Manchester-Salford (1976–1982) are compared with special reference to the effect of bus fare levels in real terms, which fell by about 70% in Sheffield-Rotherham but remained constant in Manchester-Salford. The analysis is directed to seven distinct household types, and overall changes in bus trip rates, estimated elasticities, effects on traffic congestion, city centre use, mobility of low mobility groups, and income redistribution are examined. The conclusion is made that although reducing real fares resulted in higher levels of bus patronage, evidence for the other beneficial effects was absent.

Puberty in the Merino ewe with special reference to the influence of season of birth upon its occurrence

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Watson ◽  
LC Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Season Of Birth

Observations were made on the occurrence of mating and lambing in Merino ewes of three groups born in the spring, summer, and winter respectively. The lambs ware weaned at 13½–14½ weeks of age, and joined with rams within the following 2 weeks, some with fertile rams, others with vasectomized rams. Thereafter they ran with rams continuously or until lambing occurred. With few exceptions the first oestrus occurred between late November and May (summer and autumn), and the first conception between November and June. Of the ewes born in the spring, summer, and winter, 78, 100, and 95% respectively exhibited oestrus, and 63, 95, and 80% respectively conceived during the first spring, summer, and autumn following birth. All of the remainder experienced oestrus and all except one conceived during the same period in the following year. Both the age and the body weight of the ewes when oestrus and when conception first occurred varied widely. Both were least in the animals born in the spring and greatest in the animals born in the summer. The sexual season was shorter in the young ewes than it was in mature ewes. Further, the first sexual season of the youngest ewes at the time (those born in the spring) was only one-third of the length of the second sexual season or of the first sexual season of the ewes of the other two groups. There was little delay between the first opportunity to conceive and conception. However, among the ewes which mated youngest the proportion which lambed was lower than that in the other young ewes, which in turn was lower than in mature ewes. In addition, the gestation period in at least half of the ewes which lambed 3 youngest was substantially longer than it was in all except a very few of the other ewes

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