THE PREPARATION OF LECITHIN FROM L-α-GLYCERYLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Tattrie ◽  
C. S. McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Anhydrous Chloroform ◽  
Palmitoyl Chloride ◽  
By Products

L-α-Lecithin (dipalmitoyl) has been prepared from L-α-glycerylphosphoryl-choline by acylation with palmitoyl chloride in anhydrous chloroform in a yield of about 31%. This reaction also gives rise to two by-products having hemolytic activity. One of these, although not yet completely characterized, is chromatographically comparable with lysolecithin formed from lecithin by the action of snake venom lecithinase. The second by-product possessing hemolytic activity but chromatographically different from common lysolecithin was shown to be a monoacyl derivative of L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine.

THE PREPARATION OF LECITHIN FROM L-α-GLYCERYLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1165-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Tattrie ◽  
C. S. McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Anhydrous Chloroform ◽  
Palmitoyl Chloride ◽  
By Products

L-α-Lecithin (dipalmitoyl) has been prepared from L-α-glycerylphosphoryl-choline by acylation with palmitoyl chloride in anhydrous chloroform in a yield of about 31%. This reaction also gives rise to two by-products having hemolytic activity. One of these, although not yet completely characterized, is chromatographically comparable with lysolecithin formed from lecithin by the action of snake venom lecithinase. The second by-product possessing hemolytic activity but chromatographically different from common lysolecithin was shown to be a monoacyl derivative of L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine.

A quantitative method for the assay of snake venom hemolytic activity

Toxicon ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés de Hurtado ◽  
Miguel Layrisse^
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Quantitative Method

Comparison of the Hemolytic Activity and Solution Structures of Two Snake Venom Cardiotoxin Analogues Which Only Differ in Their N-Terminal Amino Acid†,‡

Biochemistry ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (48) ◽  
pp. 14635-14641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jye-Yuan Jang ◽  
Thallampuranam Krishnaswamy S. Kumar ◽  
Gururnathan Jayaraman ◽  
Pey-Wen Yang ◽  
Chin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Terminal Amino Acid ◽  
Solution Structures ◽  
Terminal Amino

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

Bright-Field Images (Ctem) of Phase Objects at High Resolution

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 490-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumio Iijima
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Good Test ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Single Crystal Films ◽  
Crystal Films ◽  
By Products ◽  
Test Objects

We have developed a technique to prepare thin single crystal films of graphite for use as supporting films for high resolution electron microscopy. As we showed elsewhere (1), these films are completely noiseless and therefore can be used in the observation of phase objects by CTEM, such as single atoms or molecules as a means for overcoming the difficulties because of the background noise which appears with amorphous carbon supporting films, even though they are prepared so as to be less than 20Å thick. Since the graphite films are thinned by reaction with WO3 crystals under electron beam irradiation in the microscope, some small crystallites of WC or WC2 are inevitably left on the films as by-products. These particles are usually found to be over 10-20Å diameter but very fine particles are also formed on the film and these can serve as good test objects for studying the image formation of phase objects.

Evaluation of the biochemical and anti-snake venom effects of Calliandra portoricensis extract fractions in wistar rat models

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Ebong ◽  
HP Onyeama ◽  
MU Eteng ◽  
GO Igile ◽  
GE Egbung
Keyword(s):  
Snake Venom ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Rat Models
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