Oxygen absorption by skin exposed to oxygen supersaturated water

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey A. Reading ◽  
Maggie Yeomans
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Oxygen Absorption ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Transcutaneous Oximetry ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index

The present study tests the hypothesis that skin on the plantar surface of the foot absorbs oxygen (O2) when immersed in water that has a high dissolved O2 content. Healthy male and female subjects (24.2 ± 1.4 years) soaked each foot in tap water (1.7 ± 0.1 mg O2·L–1; 30.7 ± 0.3 °C) or O2-infused water (50.2 ± 1.7 mg O2·L–1; 32.1 ± 0.5 °C) for up to 30 min in 50 different experiments. Transcutaneous oximetry and near infrared spectroscopy were used to evaluate changes in skin PO2, oxygenated haemoglobin, and cytochrome oxidase aa3 that resulted from treatment. Compared with the tap water condition, tissue oxygenation index was 3.5% ± 1.3% higher in feet treated for 30 min with O2-infused water. This effect persisted after treatment, as skin PO2 was higher in feet treated with O2-infused water at 2 min (237 ± 9 vs. 112 ± 5 mm HG) and 15 min (131 ± 1 vs. 87 ± 4 mm HG) post-treatment. When blood flow to the foot was occluded for 5 min, feet resting in O2-infused water maintained a 3-fold higher O2 consumption rate than feet treated with tap water (9.1 ± 1.4 vs. 3.0 ± 1.0 µL·100 g–1·min–1). We estimate that skin absorbs 4.5 mL of O2·m–2·min–1 from O2-infused water. Thus, skin absorbs appreciable amounts of O2 from O2-infused water. This finding may prove useful and assist development of treatments targeting skin diseases with ischemic origin.

Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: can the initial cerebral tissue oxygenation index predict ROSC?

2018 ◽  
pp. emermed-2018-207533
Author(s):  
Jumpei Tsukuda ◽  
Shigeki Fujitani ◽  
Kenichiro Morisawa ◽  
Nobuhiko Shimozawa ◽  
Brandon D Lohman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Clinical Factor ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Study objectivesNear-infrared spectroscopy is a modality that can monitor tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and has potential to evaluate return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study’s objectives were to evaluate whether TOI could be associated with ROSC and used to help guide the decision to either terminate CPR or proceed to extracorporeal CPR (ECPR).MethodsIn this observational study, we assessed the patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with non-traumatic cause receiving CPR on arrival at our ED between 2013 and 2016. TOI monitoring was discontinued either on CPR termination after ROSC was reached or on patient death. Patients were classified into two groups: ROSC and non-ROSC group.ResultsOut of 141 patients, 24 were excluded and the remaining 117 were classified as follows: ROSC group (n=44) and non-ROSC group (n=73). ROSC group was significantly younger and more likely to have their event witnessed and bystander CPR. ROSC group showed a higher initial TOI than non-ROSC group (60.5%±17.0% vs 37.9%±13.7%: p<0.01). Area under the curve analysis was more accurate with the initial TOI than without it for predicting ROSC (0.88, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.95 vs 0.79, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.87: p<0.01). TOI cut-off value ≥59% appeared to favour survival to hospital discharge whereas TOI ≤24% was associated with non-ROSC.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated an association between higher initial TOI and ROSC. Initial TOI could increase the accuracy of ROSC prognosis and may be a clinical factor in the decision to terminate CPR and select patients who are to proceed to ECPR.

Non-invasive assessment of tissue oxygenation parameters in diabetic patients foot sole using near infrared spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. Brindha ◽  
N.P. Guhan Seshadri ◽  
R. Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Hardness ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index

Background and Objective: Diabetic problems are more common in the lower extremity and linked with high mortality rate which affects public health system. The present study focused on monitoring the changes in tissue oxygenation concentrations using Near infrared spectroscopy system along with temperature and hardness of the foot tissues. Methods: Control subjects (without diabetes) and diabetic patients without neuropathy were selected for this study and three standard foot risk areas were considered. Standard induced ischemic stimulus was given to assess the response of the designed system and to analyze the changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin levels during venous occlusion. Results: Results showed significant differences in the tissue oxygenation index value in all three standard areas where oxygenation value at the foot areas were significantly low ( p < 0.05) in diabetic group as compared to control group. Also, significant difference were found in tissue hardness value when comparing between groups, where the diabetic group had significantly high ( p < 0.05) tissue hardness at area 5 and area 8 as compared to control groups. Conclusion: Therefore, the present study concludes that high tissue hardness had significant effect on tissue oxygenation index that affects vascular circulation and this condition could be assessable using NIRS technique in order to find risky areas at the foot sole.

Is mean blood saturation a useful marker of tissue oxygenation?

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. H1289-H1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare E. Thorn ◽  
Stephen J. Matcher ◽  
Igor V. Meglinski ◽  
Angela C. Shore
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Type I ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Arterial Blood Volume ◽  
Spontaneous Fluctuations

Increasingly we are monitoring the distribution of oxygen through the microcirculation using optical techniques such as optical reflectance spectroscopy (ORS) and near-infrared spectroscopy. Mean blood oxygen saturation (SmbO2) and tissue oxygenation index measured by these two techniques, respectively, evoke a concept of the measurement of oxygen delivery to tissue. This study aims to establish whether SmbO2 is an appropriate indicator of tissue oxygenation. Spontaneous fluctuations in SmbO2 observed as changes in concentration of oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]) and deoxyhemoglobin ([Hb]) were measured by ORS in the skin microcirculation of 30 healthy subjects (15 men, age 21–42 yr). Fourier analysis identified two distinctly different spontaneous falls in SmbO2. The first type of swing, thought to be induced by fluctuations in arterial blood volume, resulted from the effects of respiration, endothelial, sympathetic, and myogenic activity. There was no apparent change in [Hb]. In contrast, a second type of swing resulted from a fall in [HbO2] accompanied by a rise in [Hb] and was only induced by endothelial and sympathetic activity. Thus the same fall in SmbO2 can be induced by two distinct responses. A “type I” swing does not suggest an inadequacy in oxygen delivery whereas a “type II” swing may indicate a change in oxygen delivery from blood to tissue. SmbO2 alone cannot therefore be accepted as a definitive marker of tissue oxygenation.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Hemodynamic Changes in Muscle Tissue: Implication of Muscle Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qitao Tan ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tony Lin-Wei Chen ◽  
Duo Wai-Chi Wong ◽  
Fei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Wavelet Energy ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery

This research aims to investigate the development of muscle fatigue and the recovery process revealed by tissue oxygenation. The tissue hemodynamics were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a 30-min pre-exercise rest, a 40-cycle heel-lift exercise and a 30-min post-exercise recovery. Wavelet transform was used to obtain the normalized wavelet energy in six frequency intervals (I–VI) and inverse wavelet transform was applied to extract exercise-induced oscillations from the hemodynamic signals. During the exercise phase, the contraction-related oscillations in the total hemoglobin signal (ΔtHb) showed a decreasing trend while the fluctuations in the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) displayed an increasing tendency. The mean TOI value was significantly higher (p < 0.001) under recovery (65.04% ± 2.90%) than that under rest (62.35% ± 3.05%). The normalized wavelet energy of the ΔtHb signal in frequency intervals I (p < 0.001), II (p < 0.05), III (p < 0.05) and IV (p < 0.01) significantly increased by 43.4%, 23.6%, 18.4% and 21.6% during the recovery than that during the pre-exercise rest, while the value in interval VI (p < 0.05) significantly decreased by 16.6%. It could be concluded that NIRS-derived hemodynamic signals can provide valuable information related to muscle fatigue and recovery.

scholarly journals The Effect of Electroacupuncture with Different Frequencies on Muscle Oxygenation in Humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kimura ◽  
Takayoshi Ryujin ◽  
Makoto Uno ◽  
Ikuro Wakayama
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Baseline Recording ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Tissue Hemoglobin

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) with different frequencies on muscle oxygenation in humans. The subjects were 8 healthy male volunteers. Muscle oxygenation was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored simultaneously. After baseline recording, EA was given for 15 min and recovery was measured for 20 minutes. The procedure of EA at 1 Hz, at 20 Hz, and at control followed in the same subjects. Tissue oxygenation index (TOI) decreased during EA at 20 Hz (P<0.05) and increased during the recovery period. Normalized tissue hemoglobin index (nTHI) also decreased during EA at 20 Hz and increased during the recovery period (P<0.05), whereas TOI and nTHI in the EA at 1 Hz did not change significantly throughout the experiment. The peak TOI and nTHI values at 20 Hz during the recovery period were higher than the values at 1 Hz and in the control (P<0.05). BP and HR remained constant. These data suggest that the supply of oxygen to muscle decreased during EA at 20 Hz and increased after EA at 20 Hz, without any changes in HR and BP.

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