Effect of various antagonists on the Channa striatus fillet extract antinociception in mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z A Zakaria ◽  
M R Sulaiman ◽  
A M. Mat Jais ◽  
M N Somchit
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Receptor System ◽  
Writhing Test ◽  
Channa Striatus ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Serotonergic Receptor ◽  
Abdominal Constriction ◽  
Significant Concentration

The effects of an aqueous supernatant of haruan (ASH) (Channa striatus) fillet extract on various antinociception receptor system activities were examined using a mouse abdominal-constriction model. Mice that were pretreated with distilled water, s.c., followed 10 min later by administration of 25%, 50%, and 100% concentration ASH, s.c., produced a significant concentration-dependent antinociceptive activity (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with naloxone (0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg body mass), 10 min before ASH administration, failed to block the extract antinociception. Pretreatment of the 100% concentration ASH with mecamylamine (5 mg/kg), pindolol (10 mg/kg), and haloperidol (1 mg/kg) also did not cause any significant change in its antinociception. However, pretreatment with atropine (5 mg/kg), bicuculline (10 mg/kg), phenoxybenzamine (10mg/kg), and methysergide (5 mg/kg) were found to reverse ASH antinociception. Based on the above findings, the ASH is suggested to contain different types of bioactive compounds that act synergistically on muscarinic, GABAA, α-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptor systems to produce the observed antinocicep tion. Key words: Haruan (Channa striatus), antinociceptive, writhing test, receptor systems

التفسير الموضوعي للقرآن الكريم: مجالاته ومنهجية البحث فيه (Thematic Interpretation of the Qur’Én: Its Scopes & Methodology), (TafsÊr MauÌË‘Ê: Aspek-aspek dan Metodologi Kajian)

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
فتحي بن جمعة أحمد
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Thematic Unity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Significant Area

ملخص البحث تعدّ هذه المحاولة في دراسة مجالات التفسير الموضوعي ومنهجية البحث فيه  مفتاحا لبعض القضايا المتعلقة بالموضوع، ومدخلا لدراسة التفسير الموضوعي يسهل على طلاب العلم والباحثين فهم كلام الله، وتدبر معانيه، والاهتداء به، والقيام ببحوث تطبيقية في مجالات التفسير الموضوعي. فقد بينت أن مجالات البحث في التفسير الموضوعي أربعة وهي البحث في المصطلح، والموضوع، والمحاور، والوحدة الموضوعيّة في السورة القرآنيّة. وقد أكدت أن البحث في محاور القرآن الكريم من مجالات البحث في التفسير الموضوعي التي لم تحظَ باهتمام الباحثين، ثم توسعت في سوق الأدلة والبراهين الدالة على أن الوحدة الموضوعية للسورة القرآنيّة مجال أساس من مجالات البحث في التفسير الموضوعي الذي لا ينبغي إغفاله، وإهمال شأنه. ثم بحثت في موضوع منهجيّة البحث في التفسير الموضوعي، ونظراً للخلط أوالاضطراب الذي بدا لدى بعض الباحثين في هذا الصدد، وضحت المقدمات المنهجيّة العامة الضرورية للبحث في التفسير الموضوعي ثم حاولت رسم الإطار التصوري والمنهجي العام والضوابط الأساسية التي يجب أن يتبعها الباحث إذا أراد الكتابة في التفسير الموضوعي. ثم بيّنت الخطوات الأساسيّة للبحث في التفسير الموضوعي ومنها حرية الباحث في اختيار موضوع بحثه والاطلاع على أكبر عدد ممكن من التفاسير بمختلف أنواعها مع الاستفادة من التراث البشري في حقول المعرفة المتنوعة على أن تكون الهيمنة للقرآن أولا وأخيرا على الكتب الأخرى والنظريات البشرية. الكلمات الرئيسة: القرآن، تفسير، موضوعي، مجالات، منهج. Abstract This article is an attempt to address the issue of the scopes and research methodology in the thematic commentary of the Holy Qur’Én. It could be considered as an introductory work for students and researchers who are interested in this field of research which will help them develop a good understanding of the meanings and teachings of the Qur’Én and its application to the real life. It may also help them undertake case studies and research in the field of thematic commentary of the Qur’Én. It has been explained in the article that the scope of the thematic commentary of the Qur’Én includes four areas; i.e. the concept, the topic, the central themes and the thematic unity of the SËrah/Chapter. The article gives a special emphasis on the study of the Qur’Énic central themes as it was overlooked by some researchers. It also provides a systematic investigation on the thematic unity of the SËrah/Chapter and considers it a significant area of research in the thematic commentary of the Qur’Én. The article also addresses the issue of the research methodology in the field of the thematic commentary of the Qur’Én. In this regard, the author highlights the principles, conditions and framework for undertaking research projects in this field of study and explains the major steps that should be followed in the execution of the research. These steps include freedom of choosing the research topic, freedom of benefitting from different types of tafsÊr (interpretation of the Qur’Én) works and schools and benefitting from the human heritage in different fields of knowledge, provided that the Qur’Én should have controlling power on other books and human theories.   Key Words: The Qur’Én, TafsÊr, Thematic, Scopes, Methodology. Abstrak Artikel ini ialah satu percubaan menangani isu  skop dan metodologi penyelidikan dalam tafsiran Al-Qur’Én Holy mengikut tema. Ia boleh dianggap sebagai satu kajian permulaan untuk pelajar-pelajar dan sarjana-sarjana yang meminati bidang ini penyelidikan yang akan membantu mereka merangka satu pemahaman yang baik tentang makna-makna dan ajaran-ajaran Qur’Én dan perlaksanaannya dalam kehidupan sebenar. Ia mungkin juga  dapat membantu mereka menjalankan kajian kes dalam bidang penyelidikan tafsiran Al-Qur’Én mengikut tema. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan  skop tafsiran Al-Qur’Én mengikut  tema ini merangkumi empat bidang:  konsep tafsiran mengikut tema, topiknya, tema-tema kecil dan tema umum Surah Al-Qur’Én. Artikel ini memberi satu penekanan khas pada kajian tafsiran Al-Qur’Én mengikut  tema kerana ia agak kurang mendapat perhatian beberapa penyelidik. Ia juga menampilkan satu kajian sistematik pada pemahaman tema Surah dalam Al-Qur’Én dan menganggapnya satu bidang penyelidikan penting dalam kajian tafsiran Al-Qur’Én mengikut tema. Artikel juga memberikan perhatian kepada bidang metodologi penyelidikan terhadap usaha tafsiran Al-Qur’Én secara bertema. Dalam hal ini, pengkaji akan menonjolkan prinsip-prinsip, syarat-syarat dan rangka kerja untuk projek-projek projek penyelidikan dalam lapangan ini dan menerangkan langkah-langkah utama yang harus diikuti dalam pelaksanaan penyelidikan yang berkenaan. Lang-langkah ini termasuk kebebasan memilih tajuk penyelidikan, kebebasan dalam mengambil  manfaat daripada jenis-jenis tafsiran Qur’Én yang berbeza serta sekolah-sekolah pemikiran yang berbeza dalam aliran tafsir serta rangka bagaimana memanfaatkan warisan tamadun manusia berlandaskan ajaran Al-Qur’Én. Kata Kunci: Al-Qur’Én, TafsÊr, Tema, Bidang-bidang, Metodologi.

Effect of the principle of proportionality in deciding whether to dismiss from position of judge

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Olga Yavorska
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Principle Of Proportionality ◽  
Judicial Protection

The article deals with violations, which are often grounds for bringing disciplinary liability of judges, as well as the enforcement of them in the form of a petition for the dismissal from position of judge. A special place in the system of legal responsibility of a judge is taken by the institute of disciplinary responsibility, the essence of which lies in the possibility of applying by a specially authorized body to an individual bearer of judicial power - judges of legal sanctions, directly provided by law, for violations in the sphere of professional activity. The institute of disciplinary responsibility is considered, the purpose of which is to solve social problems in the interests of implementing and maintaining the necessary level of efficiency of the system of judicial protection as a necessary guarantee of the protection of rights, interests and freedoms of people. The analysis of grounds for disciplinary liability of a judge and types of disciplinary punishment has been carried out. The obligatory signs of disciplinary violations that are the cause of prosecution are analyzed. It is considered about the application of the principle of proportionality to disciplinary authorities in determining the type of collection. The practice of applying the principle of proportionality of disciplinary organs in case of imposition of penalties and violation of the question of ambiguity of such practice is analyzed. The article states that with qualitatively similar offenses committed by different judges, the disciplinary bodies chose one type of collection, but in different proportions. The method of determining the principle of proportionality in differentiating the choice of terms in this type of collection for actually such mistakes seems unclear. Moreover, the use of the same principle in choosing different types of charges for virtually identical disciplinary offenses is unclear, in particular, when the repeat offense is a feature. Key words: disciplinary responsibility of a judge, principle of proportionality, disciplinary offenses, penalties, dismissal from position of judge.

EXTRACTION OF BORON FROM CSSC REFERENCE SOILS BY HOT WATER, DILUTE CaCl2 AND MANNITOL-CaCl2 SOLUTIONS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. SCHUPPLI
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Reference Soil ◽  
Highly Correlated

Soils were extracted by hot water, dilute CaCl2, and by mannitol-CaCl2 solutions and boron was determined by either azomethine-H or the curcumin method. Results were strongly method dependent; in particular results by the simplest method, mannitol-CaCl2, were generally lower and not highly correlated (r = 0.64) with those by the recommended procedure. This procedure involves extraction with hot distilled H2O (2:1 solution:soil), centrifugation, filtration, color development with azomethine-H and correction for background color. Extractable boron values by this procedure ranged from 0.1 to 1.4 mg kg−1. Background color can be further reduced by the substitution of 0.02 M CaCl2 for distilled water. Key words: CSSC reference soil samples, hot-water-soluble boron

scholarly journals Distribution of bioactive compounds in maize fractions obtained in two different types of large scale milling processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Blandino ◽  
Michela Alfieri ◽  
Debora Giordano ◽  
Francesca Vanara ◽  
Rita Redaelli
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Different Types

Sex offenders: una ricerca in una casa circondariale italiana (Sex offenders: a study in an italian discritct penitentiary)

2009 ◽  
pp. 81-102
Author(s):  
Patrizia Patrizi ◽  
Filippo Petruccelli ◽  
Irene Petruccelli ◽  
Chiara Simonelli ◽  
Alfredo De Risio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Male Prisoners

- A large number of studies have aimed at outlining the personality profile of sex offenders; however, due to the heterogenousness of such crime and their perpetrators, this task is very difficult. This study attempts to highlight the different types of sex offenders, their personality profiles, their possible defence mechanisms. Methods: Subjects of this study are male prisoners detained in a special section of the district penitentiary in Velletri (Rome, Italy). All subjects (N=8) were convicted of sexual crimes towards children and/or women. Their mean age is 51. Prisoners on remand were not included in this study. The adopted tools are: a Grid for collecting the anamnesis and the information regarding the crime; the Big Five Questionnaire; the Sesamo. Results and conclusions: Results proved the difficulties to outline a personality profile of sex offenders, but pointed out some common psycho-sexual aspects. These aspects were probably related to the prison situation of the subjects. Key words: sex offenders; personality profile; district penitentiary.

Different types of manipulation in sport

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Hilal Mehti oğlu Abbasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Sports Gambling ◽  
Different Types

Athletes are not roulette chips, but sports gambling treats them as such. If the dangers of state sponsored sports betting are not confronted, the character of sports and youngsters’ view of them could be seriously threatened… just as legalizing drugs would lead to increased drug addiction, legalizing sports gambling would aggravate the problems associated with gambling. As a society, we cannot afford this result, and… legalizing sports gambling would encourage young people to participate in sports to win money. They would no longer love the game for the purity of the experience. Key words: major manipulations, harmful aspects, existing problems, legalizing sports gambling, ethics of sports

scholarly journals Extraction of 137Cs from cetraria islandica lichen with water

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 565-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cuculovic ◽  
Dragan Veselinovic ◽  
Scepan Miljanic
Keyword(s):  
Distilled Water ◽  
137Cs Content ◽  
Lichen Sample ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Water Volumes

Extraction of 137Cs sorbed in samples of C. islandica using distilled water was investigated. An equation desrcribing the reduction of the 137Cs content in a dry lichen sample by the number of water volumes used for successive extractions was defined. The possibilities of the existence of two different types of 137Cs sorption in the lichen was established.

scholarly journals Intersektionalitet som sociologisk begreb

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sune Qvotrup Jensen ◽  
Ann-Dorte Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Black American ◽  
Social Differentiation ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types

Intersektionalitetsbegrebet indebærer, at sociale differentieringsformer som køn, klasse, etnicitet og ”race” er gensidigt konstituerende både på et identitetsmæssigt og strukturelt niveau. Begrebet har haft stor gennemslagskraft og bidraget positivt til fornyelse af dansk og international kønsforskning. Da begrebet rummer potentialer til analyser af komplekse sociale differentieringer, er det imidlertid også relevant for en bredere sociologi. Nutidige højt differentierede samfund fordrer således begreber og metodologier, som er egnede til at gribe kompleksitet. Intersektionalitetstænkningen har teorihistoriske rødder i amerikansk sort standpunktsfeminisme. I Danmark blev begrebet først anvendt af poststrukturalistiske socialpsykologer, som gentænkte det og gjorde det velegnet til at analysere, hvordan komplekse identiteter skabes i hverdagslivet. Senere er begrebet blevet anvendt af kønsforskere med andre faglige og videnskabsteoretiske udgangspunkter. I artiklen fremhæves det, at intersektionalitetsbegrebet kan anvendes til at producere forskellige typer sociologisk viden. I den forbindelse præsenteres en typologi over forskellige tilgange til intersektionalitetsanalyser, som bruges som afsæt til at skitsere tre eksempler på analyser af social ulighed og eksklusion. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Sune Qvotrup Jensen and Ann-Dorte Christensen: Inter-sectionality as a Sociological Concept Contemporary highly differentiated societies require concepts and methodologies which are suited for grasping complexity. Intersectionality is a fruitful approach to analyze this complexity because social forms of differentiation such as gender, class, ethnicity and “race” are understood as mutually co-constructing at the level of individual identities and at the level of social structures. Intersectionality is a travelling concept which is theoretically rooted in black American feminism. In Denmark, the concept was first used by post-structuralist social psychologists, who adapted it to analyzing how complex identities were created in everyday life. Later on the concept was later taken up by gender researchers within the social sciences. This article analyses how the concept of intersectionality can be used to produce different types of sociological knowledge. It introduces a typology of approaches to intersectionality analyses, which serves as the backdrop for three examples of analyses of social inequality and exclusion. Key words: Intersectionality, complexity, social differentiation, gender, class, ethnicity.

Influence of different types of acids and pH in the recovery of bioactive compounds in Jabuticaba peel (Plinia cauliflora)

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 16-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena D.F.Q. Barros ◽  
Andressa M. Baseggio ◽  
Célio F.F. Angolini ◽  
Gláucia M. Pastore ◽  
Cinthia B.B. Cazarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Application of Insecticides on Eggs of Callosobruchus chinensis L. Using Different Types of Pulse Seeds

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
MZA Pramanik ◽  
MA Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Emergent Adults

Experiments were carried out in the laboratory to assess the effectiveness of Nogos, Malathion, Sevin and Limper on lentil, gram, grasspea, greengram and blackgram seeds with eggs of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. Insecticides were sprayed on the seeds along with eggs and found that all the tested insecticides inhibited hatching of eggs resulting in significantly lowest rate of adult emergence. Nogos and Malathion recorded the lower number of emergent adults. The overall 26.35- 100% reduction of seed damage and 40-100% weight losses were achieved in insecticides treated seeds of five different types of pulses showing highest reduction in seed damage and weight losses due to Nogos and Malathion treatments. The treatment of the pulse seeds with the insecticides did not affect the seed germination. Key words: Insecticides, pulse beetle, egg treatment, pulses, seed damage.

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