Changes in soil sulfur constituents in a forested watershed 8 years after whole-tree harvesting

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimin Zhang ◽  
M J Mitchell ◽  
C T Driscoll ◽  
G E Likens
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Soil Sulfur ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

Soil S constituents were evaluated before and after the whole-tree harvesting of Watershed 5 (W5) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire. Soil solution and stream water concentrations of SO42-, NO3-, and H+ were compared between W5 and W6 (reference watershed). Whole-tree harvesting increased phosphate-extractable SO42- (PSO4) in the E horizon, from 2 mg S·kg-1 soil in pre-harvest to 9 and 10 mg S·kg-1 soil 3 and 8 years post-harvest, respectively. Harvesting increased PSO4 in the Bh horizon from 11 mg S·kg-1 soil prior to harvesting to 20 and 25 mg S·kg-1 soil 3 and 8 years after harvesting, respectively. Temporal patterns in soil chemistry were also reflected in stream SO42-, NO3-, and H+ concentrations. Eight years after harvesting, PSO4 concentrations in the mineral soil increased with elevation. This elevational pattern was likely due to the higher concentrations of SO42- and H+ in soil solutions that enhanced SO42- adsorption at the higher elevations. The high H+ concentrations were attributed to enhanced nitrification and differences in vegetation at upper elevations. The importance of these factors were discussed with respect to the effects of forest harvesting and changes in atmospheric S deposition.

Potential impact of forest harvesting on lake chemistry in south-central Ontario at current levels of acid deposition

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1095-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Watmough ◽  
J Aherne ◽  
P J Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Load ◽  
Base Cation ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Lake Chemistry ◽  
South Central ◽  
Sulphate Deposition ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

The potential impact of harvesting on lake chemistry was assessed for ~1300 lakes in south-central Ontario using a critical loads approach based on the steady-state water chemistry (SSWC) model. The critical load of acidity is currently only exceeded by bulk sulphate deposition in 9% of the lakes if harvesting does not occur. However, the percentage increases to 23%, 56%, and 72% under potential harvesting scenarios that assume wood-only (stem without bark), stem-only, or whole-tree harvesting, respectively. This increase in exceedance of critical load is due to the much lower base cation concentrations in lakes resulting from base cation removals during harvest. For example, only 0.3% of lakes will have Ca2+ concentrations <50 μequiv.·L–1 if harvesting does not occur, whereas 52% of lakes will have Ca2+ concentrations <50 μequiv.·L–1 if whole-tree harvesting occurs. Harvesting clearly has an enormous potential impact on lake chemistry, which will become more apparent as exchangeable base cation pools in soil decline and acid inputs can no longer be buffered.

scholarly journals Analysis of a feller-buncher productivity: a case study of whole-tree harvesting from Marmara region, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Neşe Gülci ◽  
Kıvanç Yüksel ◽  
Sercan Gülci ◽  
Hasan Serin ◽  
Ebru Bilici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Diameter ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Diameter Classes ◽  
Tree Harvesting

In fully mechanized forest harvesting systems, tree felling activities are mostly performed by using harvesters or feller-bunchers. In some regions of Turkey, where terrain conditions and stand characteristics are suitable, fully mechanized harvesting systems have been recently practiced by some of the logging contractors as private forest industry demands for large amounts of forest products throughout the year. Thus, performances of these newly practiced harvesting systems should be carefully analyzed in order to implement productive and cost-effective mechanized harvesting systems. In this study, productivity of whole-tree harvesting using a feller-buncher was investigated based on stand parameters including tree height, DBH, and volume. The DBH of the felled trees were divided into four classes (i.e. very small: 16-19 cm, small: 20-23 cm, medium: 24-27 cm and large: 28-31 cm) to investigate the effects of various DBH class on the time consumption of cutting stage and productivity of the feller-buncher. To estimate productivity of feller-buncher in harvesting operation, multiple linear and polynomial regressions were also developed and discussed after the interpretation of diagnostic plots. The results indicated that the average productivity of the feller-buncher was 74.96 m3 /h which was closely related with tree height (r = 0.63), DBH (r = 0.67), and volume (r = 0.67). The average moving time was the most time-consuming stage (60%), followed by cutting (29%) and bunching stages (11%). It was found that DBH classes caused statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects on the time spent on cutting stage and productivity of the feller-buncher. The cutting time and productivity increased from very small to large diameter classes, while bunching time increased from very small to small diameter and then medium diameter to large diameter classes. Polynomial regression had a positive impact on the performance of the estimation model of manually field-measured data based on the error parameters.

Soil Disturbance by Logging in New England̶Review and Management Recommendations

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wayne Martin
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

Abstract The extent and magnitude of soil disturbance caused by mechanized, whole-tree harvesting was studied on a central hardwood site in Connecticut, a northern hardwood site in New Hampshire, and a spruce-fir site in Maine. Twenty-nine percent of the soil surface at the central hardwood site was undisturbed, but only 8% on the other sites was undisturbed. Mineral soil was exposed on 8 to 18% of soil surfaces after cutting, with wheel ruts more than 30 cm deep occupying less than 3%. Mechanized whole-tree harvesting causes a greater proportion of soil disturbance than other harvesting systems and will affect advanced and subsequent regeneration to a greater degree. If deep rutting occurs on wet soils, equipment should be moved until drier conditions prevail; winter logging and conversion from wheel to track vehicles may be options for reducing impact. Skid trails should follow the land contours. Travel routes should be predetermined to reduce the surface area being compacted. Practices that expose infertile mineral soil should be minimized. North. J. Appl. For. 5:30-34, March 1988.

Soil Disturbance Following Whole-Tree Harvesting in North-Central Maine

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Turcotte ◽  
C. Tattersall Smith ◽  
C. Anthony Federer
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Site Productivity ◽  
Organic Horizons ◽  
On Line ◽  
Site Disturbance ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

Abstract Mechanical whole-tree harvesting can reduce site productivity if it results in excessive soil disturbance, which may both kill advanced regeneration and reduce the potential of the soil to support tree growth. Large feller-forwarders with wide, high flotation tires were designed to reduce soil disturbance, but they can cause excessive amounts of site disturbance if harvesting is conducted when soils are wet. The spatial distribution and severity of soil disturbance were determined on line transects after a spring whole-tree clearcut in northern Maine on the silt loam soils of the Chesuncook catena. Exposed mineral soil and deep wheel ruts occurred more frequently on somewhat poorly (37% of surface area) and poorly (42%) drained soil than on moderately well-drained soil (19%). This amount of site disturbance seems excessive and could reduce future site productivity due to removal of organic horizons and destruction of advanced conifer regeneration. Harvesting with large feller-forwarders on the poorly and somewhat poorly drained silt loam soils of this region should be discouraged in the spring and possibly during other periods of high soil water tables. North. J. Appl. For 8(2):68-72.

scholarly journals Imitated Whole Tree Harvesting Show Negligible Effect on Economic Value of Spruce Stands

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Iveta Desaine ◽  
Annija Kārkliņa ◽  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Anna Pastare ◽  
Andis Adamovičs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

The increased removal of forest-derived biomass with whole-tree harvesting (WTH) has raised concerns about the long-term productivity and sustainability of forest ecosystems. If true, this effect needs to be factored in the assessment of long-term feasibility to implement such a drastic forest management measure. Therefore, the economic performance of five experimental plantations in three different forest types, where in 1971 simulated WTH event occurred, was compared with pure, planted and conventionally managed (CH) Norway spruce stands of similar age and growing conditions. Potential incomes of CH and WTH stands were based on timber prices for period 2014–2020. However, regarding the economics of root and stump biomass utilization, they were not included in the estimates. In any given price level, the difference of internal rate of return between the forest types and selected managements were from 2.5% to 6.2%. Therefore, Norway spruce stands demonstrate good potential of independence regardless of stump removal at the previous rotation.

Whole-tree Harvesting Depletes Soil Nutrients

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin H. White
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Pool ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

This paper reports the effects of whole-tree harvesting of eight cottonwood stands on the soil nutrient pool. The data indicate possible site degradation by depletion of soil reserves of N, P, and K but not Ca and Mg on a range of alluvial site conditions in Alabama. Foresters must establish the rate of nutrient removal in intensive tree cropping systems for a variety of species and sites and develop prescriptions to minimize the impact.

Whole-Tree Harvesting with a Medium Capacity Cable Yarder

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 002-004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleveland J. Biller ◽  
Edward L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting
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