Soil seed bank dynamics of pin cherry in a northern hardwood forest, New Hampshire, U.S.A.

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1471-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine L Tierney ◽  
Timothy J Fahey
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale Disturbance

The soil seed bank of the low-value, pioneer tree pin cherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.f.) appears to increase markedly after multiple, large-scale disturbance events, which may result in interference with the growth of high-value species. Seven northern hardwood forest sites of varying age and disturbance history in the White Mountains of New Hampshire were examined to quantify the patterns of accumulation and depletion of the pin cherry soil seed bank. The pin cherry seed bank accumulated in a predictable fashion based on pin cherry stem abundance. High- and low-density populations accumulated approximately 440 and 1900 viable seeds per pin cherry stem, respectively. Depletion of the seed bank appeared to be negligible in stands between age 40 and 60, and moderate (30% loss over 20 years) in stands between age 95 and 115. Short (e.g., 60-year) harvest rotation times may triple the size of the pin cherry soil seed bank, causing proliferation of this species with consequences for ecosystem and community dynamics, whereas longer rotation times of 120 years may allow enough depletion of the seed bank to stabilize population sizes.

The relationship of the soil seed bank and understory vegetation in old-growth northern hardwood–hemlock treefall gaps

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2714-2721 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Mladenoff
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Forest Understory ◽  
Betula Alleghaniensis ◽  
Forest Change ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Treefall Gaps ◽  
Large Scale Disturbance

In mature northern hardwood forests, small treefall gaps constitute an important mode of compositional and structural change within the long return time of larger catastrophic disturbances. The soil seed bank and patterns in vegetation layers are described in this disturbance regime context. In these small treefall gaps, herbaceous and woody vegetation species present are similar to those of forest understory plots, differing primarily in abundance. Seed bank communities are compositionally more similar among gaps than forest understory plots, but vegetation similarity is equal among forest plots and among gaps. Seed bank-vegetation similarity is greater among forest plots than in gaps. Seed bank strategies differ among the plant species characteristic of the differing forest layers. Dominant canopy tree species (Acer saccharum, Tsuga canadensis, Betula alleghaniensis) are not an important component of the seed bank. Bird-dispersed shrub and herbaceous species and ant-dispersed herbs are important in the seed bank, especially in gaps. In particular, based on gap seed bank response, it appears that understory shrub abundance and pattern within the forest change with the time since large-scale disturbance, in accordance with species adaptations to the size and increase in number of small treefalls in the mature forest. These species patterns may relate to the patchy nature of resource availability that develops, especially that of nitrogen, which is controlled by the canopy species–gap mosaic. Key words: treefall gaps, soil seed bank, disturbance, northern hardwoods, old growth, succession, shrubs.

Comparing line-intersect, fixed-area, and point relascope sampling for dead and downed coarse woody material in a managed northern hardwood forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1766-1775 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Jordan ◽  
M J Ducey ◽  
J H Gove
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Sampling Efficiency ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Fixed Area ◽  
Coarse Woody Material

We present the results of a timed field trial comparing the bias characteristics and relative sampling efficiency of line-intersect, fixed-area, and point relascope sampling for downed coarse woody material. Seven stands in a managed northern hardwood forest in New Hampshire were inventoried. Significant differences were found among estimates in some stands, indicating a potential for difference in bias in field implementation of the methods. In terms of relative sampling efficiency, results for each method varied among stand. However, point relascope sampling had comparable or better time efficiency than the other methods in most stands.

Is nest predation density dependent? A test using artificial nests

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2498-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Reitsma
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Nest Density ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Density Dependent ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Nest

Experiments using artificial nests to test whether predation varies with nest density were conducted in a northern hardwood forest in New Hampshire in June 1989. Nests were baited with quail eggs and placed at densities similar to and substantially higher than the range of natural nest densities. There was no statistically significant difference in predation levels among densities, but there was a trend for higher predation at the highest density.

scholarly journals Songbird response to group selection harvests and clearcuts in a New Hampshire northern hardwood forest

2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine A Costello ◽  
Mariko Yamasaki ◽  
Peter J Pekins ◽  
William B Leak ◽  
Christopher D Neefus
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Group Selection ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood

Comparing direct and indirect methods of assessing canopy structure in a northern hardwood forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne G Rhoads ◽  
Steven P Hamburg ◽  
Timothy J Fahey ◽  
Thomas G Siccama ◽  
Richard Kobe
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Canopy Structure ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Visual Damage ◽  
Hemispherical Photographs

Several methods exist for measuring forest canopies following disturbance, and the biases and differences among them are unclear. We compared techniques for measuring the northern hardwood forest's canopy structure at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, following the severe ice storm of January 5–10, 1998. Methods included leaf area index (LAI) using LI-COR's LAI-2000, visual damage assessments based on tree branch loss, radiation estimates from hemispherical photographs, and LAI determined from litterfall. LAI-2000 measurements were not significantly related to visual damage class estimates, but were strongly correlated with radiation estimates from hemispherical photographs and average LAI values from litterfall. LAI from the LAI-2000 and litterfall differed on a point-by-point basis, but were similar at the stand scale. The LAI-2000 has the highest precision for large-scale measurements. Visual damage estimates appear adequate for assessing large-scale patterns of disturbance intensity in the northern hardwood forest, but the LAI-2000 is more accurate at quantifying canopy structure at large plot or stand scales. Hemispherical photographs may also accomplish this, but are better suited to characterizing the distribution of canopy gaps and light availability patterns over time. Litterfall provides accurate and precise measurements of small-scale LAI patterns in deciduous forests and reveals species-specific patterns.

Community Dynamics and Soil Seed Bank Ecology of Lane Mountain Milkvetch (Astragalus jaegerianus Munz)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Huggins ◽  
B. A. Prigge ◽  
M. R. Sharifi ◽  
P. W. Rundel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Soil Seed Bank

Earthworms, litter and soil carbon in a northern hardwood forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 114 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Fahey ◽  
Joseph B. Yavitt ◽  
Ruth E. Sherman ◽  
John C. Maerz ◽  
Peter M. Groffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood
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