Soil carbon and nitrogen pools and processes in an old-growth conifer forest 13 years after trenching

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1261-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C Hart ◽  
Phil Sollins
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

We measured surface soil (0-15cm) C and N pools and processes inside and outside an area that had been trenched 13 years earlier in an old-growth conifer forest (>450 years) to assess the long-term impacts of reduced root inputs on C and N turnover. Trenching, combined with frequent clipping of understory plants, was originally conducted to prevent nutrient uptake by plants, as part of a study of the role of vegetation in ecosystem retention of N. Thirteen years following trenching, the median values of bulk density, pH, total C and N concentrations, annual rates of in situ net N mineralization and nitrification, microbial biomass C and N, microbial respiration, and anaerobically mineralizable N in the trenched plot were all within the 25-75% interquartile range of values found in the replicated, untrenched plots. The trenched plot had higher rates of net N mineralization (41% higher in October, 484% higher in June) and net nitrification (25% higher in October, and lower net NO3- immobilization in June) during laboratory incubation and a 22% higher water content in October. In June, soil water content in the trenched plot was about 8% lower than in the untrenched plots. Our results suggest that soil C and N dynamics in these old-growth forests are relatively resistant to perturbations resulting from major reductions in root input to the soil.

Simulation of protozoa-induced mineralization of bacterial carbon and nitrogen

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Rutherford ◽  
N. G. Juma
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Typic Cryoboroll ◽  
Bacterial C

Modelling in soil ecological research is a means of linking the dynamics of microbial and faunal populations to soil processes. The objectives of this study were (i) to simulate bacterial-protozoan interactions and flows of C and N in clay loam Orthic Black Chernozemic soil under laboratory condtions; and (ii) to quantify the flux of C and N (inputs and outputs) through various pools using the simulation model. The unique features of this model are: (i) it combines the food chain with specific soil C and N pools, and (ii) it simultaneously traces the flows of C, 14C, N and 15N. It was possible to produce a model that fitted the data observed for the soil. The simulated CO2-C evolved during the first 12 d was due mainly to glucose addition (171 μg C g−1 soil) and cycling of C in the soil (160 μg C g−1 soil). During this interval, bacterial C uptake was 5.5-fold greater than the initial bacterial C pool size. In the first 12 d protozoa directly increased total CO2-C evolution by 11% and increased NH4-N mineralization 3-fold, compared to soil containing only bacteria. Mineralization of C and N was rapid when bacterial numbers were increased as a result of glucose addition. Key words: Acanthamoeba sp., modelling, N mineralization-immobilization, organic matter, Pseudomonas sp., Typic Cryoboroll

scholarly journals C and N urban soil budget and its spatial differentiation in comparison with natural areas in the Wroclaw region of Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00085
Author(s):  
Izabela Sówka ◽  
Yaroslav Bezyk ◽  
Maxim Dorodnikov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soil ◽  
Spatial Differentiation ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Natural Grassland

An assessment of C and N balance in urban soil compared to the natural environment was carried out to evaluate the influence of biological processes along with human-induced forcing. Soil C and N stocks were quantified on the samples (n=18) collected at 5 - 10 cm depth from dominated green areas and arable lands in the city of Wroclaw (Poland) and the relatively natural grassland located ca. 36 km south-west. Higher soil carbon and nitrogen levels (C/N ratio = 11.8) and greater microbial biomass C and N values (MBC = 95.3, MBN = 14.4 mg N kg-1) were measured in natural grassland compared with the citywide lawn sites (C/N ratio = 15.17, MBC = 84.3 mg C kg-1, MBN = 11.9 mg N kg-1), respectively. In contrast to the natural areas, the higher C and N concentration was measured in urban grass dominated soils (C = 2.7 % and N = 0.18 % of dry mass), which can be explained mainly due to the high soil bulk density and water holding capacity (13.8 % clay content). The limited availability of soil C and N content was seen under the arable soil (C = 1.23 %, N = 0.13 %) than in the studied grasslands. In fact, the significantly increased C/N ratios in urban grasslands are largely associated with land conversion and demonstrate that urban soils have the potential to be an important reservoir of C.

scholarly journals Forest type affects the coupled relationships of soil C and N mineralization in the temperate forests of northern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Quan ◽  
Changhui Wang ◽  
Nianpeng He ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Xuefa Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Tree species and time since afforestation drive soil C and N mineralization on former cropland

Geoderma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Rahman ◽  
T.G. Bárcena ◽  
L. Vesterdal
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

scholarly journals Soil Type and a Labile C Addition Regime Control the Temperature Sensitivity of Soil C and N Mineralization More than N Addition in Wetland Soils in China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1043
Author(s):  
Chunmei Wang ◽  
Yunyun Zhang ◽  
Yun Li
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
Labile C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Wetlands store a large amount of carbon (C) and many are vulnerable to potential global warming. It is critical to quantify the temperature sensitivity of soil nitrogen (N) and C mineralization in response to external labile C or N addition in different types of wetland. Through incubation experiments, the effects of temperature and the addition of N or C on soil C and N mineralization were tested using soils from the Sanjiang Plain wetland (SW), Zoigê alpine wetland (ZW), Yellow River estuary wetland (YW), and Baiyangdian Lake (BL). Our findings showed that temperature, available C and wetland type were dominant factors in the regulation of soil C loss, with soil C in SW and ZW being less stable and poorly resistant to increases in temperature. The response of net N mineralization to N addition showed regional differences. A lack of long-term effects of the deposition of N on soil mineralization suggested that there may be a particular N addition threshold level for changed C and N mineralization. It is predicted that an increase in labile C supply due to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) and its interactions with wetland types will increase CO2 efflux more than N deposition in wetland soils.

scholarly journals Relationship between Water Content and Mineralization of Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils Varying in Physical and Chemical Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhmad Rizalli Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
Water Filled Pore Space ◽  
C And N ◽  
Physical And Chemical

An understanding on relationship between water content and mineralization of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) across soils varying in physical and chemical characteristics is required to assess the influence of soil physico-chemical properties on soil organic matter decomposition. However, such information is rarely available. Relationship between C and N mineralization of three soils varying in physico-chemical properties with different measurements of water content (water-filled pore space, gravimetric water content, volumetric water content, and water holding capacity) was studied through an incubation experiment for 8 weeks. Results of the experiment showed that C and N mineralization increased with increasing water content, reached a maximum, and then decreased with subsequent increasing water content levels. Maximum C and N mineralizations were observed at 70-80% and 50% water-filled pore space (WFPS),  respectively. The ranges of WFPS for C and N mineralization were the narrowest among other measurements of water content. Therefore, it was likely that a single WFPS could be used in subsequent incubations to examine either C or N  mineralization of soils with different characteristics. Result of this study suggests that the preliminary experiment on the   relationship between mineralization of C and N and water content is necessary to do where mineralization is needed to be assessed in soils that have different physico-chemical  characteristics.Keywords: Carbon and nitrogen mineralization, percent of water-filled pore space, water content[How to Cite : Saidy AR. 2013. Relationship between Water Content and Mineralization of Carbon and Nitrogen in Soils Varying in Physical and Chemical Characteristics. J Trop Soils, 18 (1) : 45-52. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.45][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.45]

scholarly journals The effect of long-term CO2 enrichment on carbon and nitrogen content of roots and soil of natural pastureland

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-190
Author(s):  
Manal Al-Traboulsi ◽  
Brian Wilsey ◽  
Catherine Potvin
Keyword(s):  
N Mineralization ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil N Mineralization ◽  
C And N ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Increasing levels of atmospheric CO2 may change C and N dynamics in pasture ecosystems. The present study was conducted to examine the impact of four years of CO2 enrichment on soil and root composition and soil N transformation in natural pastureland. Plots of open-top growth chambers were continuously injected with ambient CO2 (350 µL L–1) and elevated CO2 (625 µL L–1). Soil cores exposed to ambient and elevated CO2 treatment were incubated and collected each year. Net N-mineralization rates in soil (NH4 +-N plus NO3ˉ–-N), in addition to total C and N content (%) of soil and root tissues were measured. Results revealed that elevated CO2 caused a significant reduction in soil NO3 (P < 0.05), however, no significant CO2 effect was found on total soil C and N content (%). Roots of plants grown under elevated CO2 treatment had higher C/N ratios. Changes in root C/N ratios were driven by changes in root N concentrations as total root N content (%) was significantly reduced by 30% (P < 0.05). Overall, findings suggest that the effects of CO2 enrichment was more noticeable on N content (%) than C content (%) of soil and roots; elevated CO2 significantly affected soil N-mineralization and total N content (%) in roots, however, no substantial change was found in C inputs in CO2-enriched soil.

Soil microbial biomass, C and N mineralization, and enzyme-activities in a hill pasture - Influence of grazing management

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 943 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Ross ◽  
TW Speir ◽  
HA Kettles ◽  
KR Tate ◽  
AD Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Net N Mineralization ◽  
High Background ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
C And N ◽  
Legume Growth

Grazing and fertilizer management practices are of prime importance for maintaining summer-moist hill pastures of introduced grasses and clovers in New Zealand for sheep and cattle production. The influence of withholding grazing (a pastoral fallow) from spring to late summer on microbial biomass, C and N mineralization, and enzyme activities was investigated in a Typic Dystrochrept soil from unfertilized and fertilized (rock phosphate and elemental S) low-fertility pastures at a temperate hill site. The fallow increased pasture but not legume growth in the following year in the unfertilized treatment, but had no effect on pasture or legume growth in fertilized plots. High background levels of the biochemical propel-ties examined, and very variable rates of N mineralization, complicated data interpretation. Extractable-C concentration and CO2-C production were enhanced at the completion of the fallow. Increases in net N mineralization (14-56 days incubation), following initial immobilization, after the fallow were clearly indicated in the unfertilized treatment, but were less distinct, in the fertilized treatment. The fallow had no detectable influence on the concentrations of total C and N or microbial C and P, or on invertase, phosphodiesterase and sulfatase activities. Some small changes in microbial N and an increased proportion of bacteria in the microbial population were, however, suggested. Results are consistent with the concept of fallowing giving a short-term increase in pools of readily decomposable soil organic matter. Generally, the changes that did occur in these soil biochemical properties are, with the partial exception of increased N availability, unlikely to have had any pronounced impact on subsequent pasture performance.

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