Effect of companion species on the growth of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana)

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1846-1853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Hélène Longpré ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
David Paré ◽  
Martin Béland
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Companion Species ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Paper Birch ◽  
Competition For Light

The growth and yield of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) was studied in even-aged stands of three types: pure jack pine, jack pine mixed with paper birch (Betulapapyrifera Marsh.), and jack pine mixed with trembling aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.) growing on moderately well-drained glaciolacustrine clay soils in the southern tip of the Clay Belt of northwestern Quebec. Site index, average DBH, and average height of jack pine, and the availability of nutrients in the forest floor were compared among stand types. No differences were found in the height growth of jack pine among stand types. However, diameters of jack pine in mixtures with paper birch were significantly greater than in either pure stands or in mixtures with aspen despite the fact that both mixed stand types showed higher forest floor pH and greater concentrations of exchangeable calcium and magnesium than the pure stands. These results, together with the pattern of height growth of the three species, suggest that the beneficial effect of paper birch on the diameter growth of jack pine is caused mainly by a reduction in the competition for light among individual jack pine trees. The silvicultural implications of the results are discussed.

Height-growth and site-index curves for jack pine in north central Ontario

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willard H. Carmean ◽  
Daniel J. Lenthall
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Average Height ◽  
North Central ◽  
A Site

Height-growth patterns for jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) were studied using stem analyses from dominant and codominant trees on 141 plots in north central Ontario. All plots were in natural, well-stocked, even-aged stands 50 years of age or older. Data from 32 of the 141 plots were randomly selected to confirm results, the remaining 109 plots were used for computing the curves. Height-growth curves were developed using a five-parameter Chapman–Richards nonlinear regression that expressed height as a function of age and site index. A site-index prediction equation was also computed using a similar model that expressed site index as a function of age and tree height. Estimated site index using height-growth curves based on the 109 computation plots agreed closely with site index observed from stem analyses on the 32 confirmation plots. Major results were as follows: (i) height-growth curves based on breast-height age were more accurate than curves based on total age; (ii) polymorphic height-growth patterns were related to site index, becoming more curvilinear as site index increased; (iii) average height-growth patterns were similar for jack pine growing on four glacial landforms: shallow and deep moraines, outwashed glacial sands, and lacustrine clays and silts; and (iv) height-growth patterns for ages less than 50 years were very similar to patterns of the commonly used Plonski curves for jack pine site classes in Ontario, but after 50 years, height growth was somewhat better for all sites than predicted by the Plonski curves.

Polymorphic site index curves for jack pine in Northern Ontario

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willard H. Carmean ◽  
G. Hazenberg ◽  
G. P. Niznowski
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Data ◽  
Site Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
The North

Stem-analysis data from dominant and codominant trees were collected from 383 plots located in fully stocked, even-aged, undisturbed mature jack pine stands. Separate site index curves were independently formulated for four regions of northern Ontario using the Newnham constrained nonlinear regression model; these formulations were used for comparing regional site index curves at three levels of site index (10 m, 15 m and 20 m).Comparisons showed that no significant differences existed between the four regional curves as well as with previously published site index curves for the North Central Region. Each of the four regions had similar polymorphic height-growth patterns; therefore, data for the four regions were combined and a single formulation was used to develop a polymorphic set of site index curves for all of northern Ontario. We found that poor sites in each region had almost linear height growth up to 100 years breast-height age, but for each region height growth became more curvilinear with increasing site index. The recommended site index curves for northern Ontario are based on a formulation using only data from plots 100 years and less but this formulation was not significantly different from a formulation using only data from plots 80 years and less, or a formulation that included all data from plots older than 100 years breast-height age.Comparisons were made between our northern Ontario curves and other jack pine site index curves for Ontario as well as curves for other areas of Canada and the United States. These comparisons generally showed considerable older age differences. Reasons for these differences are uncertain but could be due to differences in the amount and kind of data used for these other curves, could be due to differences in analytical methods, or could be due to regional differences in climate, soil and topography. Key words: site quality evaluation, polymorphic height growth, regional site index curves, site index prediction equations, comparisons among site index curves.

The influence of the bamboo Yushania microphylla on regeneration of Abies densa in central Bhutan

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1518-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Gratzer ◽  
P B Rai ◽  
G Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Tree Seedling ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Gap Fraction ◽  
The Impact

To assess the impact of a dense understory of the bamboo Yushania microphylla Munro on tree regeneration in monospecific Abies densa Griff. stands of the central Bhutan Himalayas, the age-class distribution of fir regeneration, the microsite preferences, and height growth as well as the relationship between height of the bamboo, gap fraction, and tree seedling density were studied. Seedling densities were much lower on sites with bamboo. Recruitment was more or less continuous, and there was no indication of overall synchronized single-cohort regeneration in bamboo plots. On sites with bamboo understory, the light regime at the forest floor is strongly influenced by the height of the bamboo. A large portion of the variance of tree seedling density could be explained by the height of the bamboo. The mortality of fir seedlings is considerably reduced at elevated microsites. Fir establishment on the forest floor is restricted to sites where bamboo density is low and light levels are higher. On sites with dense, unbrowsed bamboo, light levels are too low for long-term survival of fir seedlings, resulting in a lack of suppressed regeneration with minimal height growth. Because of the absence of this fraction, the average height increment of fir seedlings is higher on sites with bamboo.

How well can we select undamaged site trees for estimating site index?

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1989-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D Nigh ◽  
Bobby A Love
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Sufficient Data ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Unbiased Estimates

The best estimates of site index, an indicator of site productivity, are obtained from site trees. Undamaged site trees should be sampled to obtain unbiased estimates of site index. Two juvenile height growth modelling projects provided us with sufficient data to assess our ability to select undamaged lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia Dougl.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) site trees. The sample trees were split open to measure height growth from the terminal bud scars. Splitting the stems also revealed damage that was not visible from the outside of the tree. Over 50% of the lodgepole pine trees and 75% of the white spruce trees had damage, which was much higher than expected. Possible causes of damage are frost and insects. The damage does not significantly reduce the height of the spruce trees, but there is evidence that the heights of the lodgepole pine trees are reduced.

Comparison of height growth and growth intercept models of jack pine plantations and natural stands in northern Ontario

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2179-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-ping Guo ◽  
Jian R Wang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Growth Intercept

Accurate estimates of forest productivity are required for sustainable forest management. Sixty-five jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) plantations (<50 years of age) were sampled to develop height growth and variable growth intercept (GI) models for jack pine plantations in northern Ontario, Canada. Based on the residual plots and model-fitting statistics, these models can be recommended for estimating site index (SI) of young (<40 years) jack pine plantations. To compare SI of plantations with that of natural stands, we used stem-analysis data from 383 plots of natural jack pine stands (aged 50–157 years) from the same geographic region to develop the GI models for natural stands. Also, polymorphic SI curves were developed for young (<40 years) plantations in northern Ontario. These SI curves were different from those for natural stands. Jack pine plantations had a higher site quality (SI) than did the original natural stands on the similar sites. The SI curves developed from natural stands should not be used to predict growth and yield of jack pine plantations before they are calibrated for jack pine plantations. These GI models will be used to estimate SI for silviculture and forest-management planning.

Modeling Dominant Height Growth of Cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich) Stands in Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Özçelik ◽  
Quang V Cao ◽  
Esteban Gómez-García ◽  
Felipe Crecente-Campo ◽  
Ünal Eler
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Autoregressive Process ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Classification ◽  
Cedrus Libani ◽  
Dominant Height ◽  
Dominant Height Growth

Abstract Sustainable forest management requires accurate prediction from a growth and yield system. Such a system relies heavily on some measure of site productivity, which is often the site index. A model was developed for predicting dominant height growth and site index of even-aged cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) stands in Turkey. Stem-analysis data from 148 trees were used for model development and validation. Six dynamic height–age equations were derived using the generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA). Autocorrelation was modeled by expanding the error term as an autoregressive process. Based on numerical and graphical analysis, a GADA formulation derived from the Chapman–Richards model was selected. Based on relative error in dominant height prediction, 80 years was selected as the best reference age. The resulting equation provided the best compromise between biological and statistical aspects and, therefore, is recommended for height growth prediction and site classification of cedar stands in Turkey.

scholarly journals Height growth of black spruce in British Columbia

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D Nigh ◽  
Pavel V Krestov ◽  
Karel Klinka
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Northern Half

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) is a boreal species that occurs extensively across the northern half of British Columbia. Forest managers require better growth and yield information for black spruce given the anticipated increase in demand for wood in the northern part of the province. The purpose of this study was to develop height-age models for black spruce. Ninety-one stem analysis plots were established in the BWBS and SBS biogeoclimatic zones. Three black spruce site trees from each plot were stem analyzed and the data were converted into height-age data. A conditioned log-logistic function was fit to the data. Indicator variables were used to test for differences in height growth between the sampled subzones. Although the warm subzones had different height growth patterns than the cool subzones, there was general agreement among the height-age models from British Columbia, Alberta, and New Brunswick up to about age 100. Key words: biogeoclimatic zones, height-age models, logistic function, site index, stem analysis

scholarly journals La qualité des stations et la productivité des plantations de pin rouge (Pinus resinosa Ait.) au Québec.

1975 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
S. Popovich
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Stand Volume ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Relationship

This paper presents an evaluation of site quality based on the relationship between volume per square foot of basal area and age of plantation, for planted red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) in Quebec.A graph for the three site index classes is included with indication for its use. There is a table showing the values of volume per square foot of basal area as a function of average height and average form quotient of a stand, permitting a rapid evaluation of stand volume of a plantation. Finally, several factors affecting growth and yield of red pine plantations for various sites in Quebec are discussed.

Croissance en hauteur de l'épinette noire: région de Lebel-sur-Quévillon et de Dolbeau au Québec

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1378-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Zarnovican
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Temporal Structures

Height growth of black spruce was studied from stem analysis in 72 circular plots of 0.1 ha located in the Lebel-sur-Quévillon and Dolbeau regions, province of Quebec. Tree age analysis showed that only 52 of these plots were evenly aged; therefore, only these were retained in the present study. Mean age determined at diameter at breast height was as variable as mean total age. The comparison of Plonski's and Vézina and Linteau's parameterized site-index curves suggested that Plonski's model is more suitable for asymptotic growth of black spruce. The comparison of parameterized average height curves from 52 plots with Plonski's curves indicated that black spruce height growth in these regions is not uniform; four different growing forms corresponding to temporal structures can be distinguished. These growing forms can have asymptotic or linear curves; these can coincide with or cut across the Plonski's site-class curves, according to the increase or decrease in height growth with age. Finally, the growing forms are also found by parameters of Korf's growth function, by height increments, and by ages at which height increment is highest.

scholarly journals A Height Growth Model and Associated Growth Intercept Models for Estimating Site Index in Black Spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.) Plantations in Northern Ontario, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Martin M. Kwiaton ◽  
Jian R. Wang ◽  
Douglas E.B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Growth Intercept

Abstract Site quality is a key component of growth and yield models because height growth rates are known to be influenced by available site resources. Accurate prediction of future growth and yield requires site quality information for both plantations and natural stands. The forest industry in northern Ontario relies on high-quality wood and fiber from black spruce (Picea mariana Mill. B.S.P.); therefore, these tools are essential to ensure sustainable forest management. Although there are site index (SI) models for natural-origin black spruce stands in northern Ontario, models for estimating site quality of young black spruce plantations have not been developed. We used stem analysis data collected from 62 plantations (>40 years of age) of pure black spruce across northern Ontario to develop height growth, SI, and variable growth intercept models. The distinct height growth patterns we observed may be attributed to early silvicultural treatments (site preparation and herbicide) in plantations allowing black spruce trees to attain breast height (1.3 m) faster than in fire-origin stands in northern Ontario. Our models can be used to estimate site quality of black spruce plantations, a key consideration for silviculture and forest management planning. We also compare our managed stand SI model to one we developed from a comparable subset of data from black spruce growing in unmanaged stands and propose a method to assign an SI with a common base age to pure upland black spruce stands regardless of origin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document