Growth trends of blue oak (Quercusdouglasii) in California

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1720-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane A. Kertis ◽  
Rob Gross ◽  
David L. Peterson ◽  
Michael J. Arbaugh ◽  
Richard B. Standiford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Coniferous Species ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Blue Oak ◽  
Soil Moisture Availability ◽  
High Precipitation

Long-term growth trends of blue oak (Quercusdouglasii Hook. & Arn.) at five sites in California were quantified and interpreted with respect to annual precipitation. Mean annual basal area increment (BAI) at sites with deep soil profiles or high precipitation was twice as great as growth at other sites. In general, BAI increased sharply during approximately the first 40 years of tree growth, then increased gradually or leveled off for the next 100 years. Limited data from older trees suggest that BAI decreases gradually after this point. Growth trends are relatively homogeneous within each site, but vary among sites. Most sites have relatively high correlations with precipitation compared with coniferous species at higher elevations. Interannual variation in soil moisture availability is clearly an important factor affecting annual growth of blue oak in the Mediterranean climate of California. This is the first known dendroecological study of blue oak growth trends.

Effects of ozone and climate on ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa) growth in the Colorado Rocky Mountains

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 1750-1759 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Peterson ◽  
Michael J. Arbaugh ◽  
Lindsay J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Rocky Mountains ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Front Range ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Colorado Rocky Mountains ◽  
Highly Correlated

Long-term radial growth trends of ponderosa pine (Pinusponderosa var. scopulorum) were studied in second-growth stands in the Front Range of the Colorado Rocky Mountains to determine if there has been any impact from oxidant air pollution. Although ozone concentrations are relatively high at some locations, visible pollutant injury was not found in any trees. Time series of basal area increments are generally homogeneous within stands. Concurrent periods of increasing and decreasing growth can be found in stands throughout the Front Range, which indicates that there are temporal growth trends at the regional level. Most of these trends appear to be related to the effects of stand dynamics and climate. Correlation analysis with climatic variables indicates that soil moisture supply is the dominant factor controlling interannual variation of basal area growth. Palmer hydrological drought index is highly correlated (positively) with growth during the summer months; total precipitation in spring is positively correlated with growth, and mean temperature in spring is negatively correlated with growth. There are no recent changes in growth trends that might be associated with elevated levels of ambient ozone in the Front Range.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Infection during Pregnancy: Risk of Vertical Transmission, Fetal, and Neonatal Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 483
Author(s):  
Marwa Saadaoui ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Souhaila Al Khodor
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Pregnancy Risk ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Critical Public Health ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide, critical public health challenge and is considered one of the most communicable diseases that the world had faced so far. Response and symptoms associated with COVID-19 vary between the different cases recorded, but it is amply described that symptoms become more aggressive in subjects with a weaker immune system. This includes older subjects, patients with chronic diseases, patients with immunosuppression treatment, and pregnant women. Pregnant women are receiving more attention not only because of their altered physiological and immunological function but also for the potential risk of viral vertical transmission to the fetus or infant. However, very limited data about the impact of maternal infection during pregnancy, such as the possibility of vertical transmission in utero, during birth, or via breastfeeding, is available. Moreover, the impact of infection on the newborn in the short and long term remains poorly understood. Therefore, it is vital to collect and analyze data from pregnant women infected with COVID-19 to understand the viral pathophysiology during pregnancy and its effects on the offspring. In this article, we review the current knowledge about pre-and post-natal COVID-19 infection, and we discuss whether vertical transmission takes place in pregnant women infected with the virus and what are the current recommendations that pregnant women should follow in order to be protected from the virus.

Strategic tillage may sustain the benefits of long-term no-till in a Vertisol under Mediterranean climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
İsmail Çelik ◽  
Hikmet Günal ◽  
Mert Acar ◽  
Nurullah Acir ◽  
Zeliha Bereket Barut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
No Till

The Role of ECT in Schizophrenia

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Keuneman ◽  
Rajiv Weerasundera ◽  
David Castle
Keyword(s):  
Acute Onset ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Affective Symptoms ◽  
Maintenance Ect ◽  
The Subject

Objective: To review the place of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of schizophrenia. Conclusions: ECT is as effective, if not more so, than the antipsychotic drugs in certain clinical settings. It can be rapidly effective in acute episodes. When used alone, antipsychotics have comparable or superior efficacy to ECT alone in the short term. However, ECT possibly confers better long-term outcome. Combination treatment with antipsychotic medications and ECT is superior to either treatment alone, and is safe and effective, notably in medication resistant schizophrenia. Benefits of acute courses of ECT may be short-lived unless maintenance ECT is instituted, although there are limited data on the subject. Clinically, patients with acute onset, shorter episodes are more likely to respond to ECT. Catatonia, preoccupation with delusions and hallucinations, and a relative absence of premorbid schizoid and paranoid personality traits, are other clinical factors less strongly predictive of positive response. The presence of affective symptoms is often thought to be predictive of clinical response. However, there is little research evidence for this. While medications remain the mainstay of treatment in schizophrenia, ECT does have a clear and increasingly recognised role which requires further evaluation.

scholarly journals Distribution and Abundance of Double-crested Cormorants Nesting in the Interior of California, 2009–2012

Western Birds ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-292
Author(s):  
W. David Shuford ◽  
Kathy C. Molina ◽  
John P. Kelly ◽  
T. Emiko Condeso ◽  
Daniel S. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
The State ◽  
Salton Sea ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Large Fluctuations

As part of an 11-state inventory, we censused the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the interior of California from 2009 to 2012, using a combination of aerial, ground, and boat surveys. An estimated 8791 pairs breeding in the interior of the state in 2009–2012 exceeded the 7170 pairs estimated in 1998–1999. In both periods, cormorants were breeding in 9 of 11 ecoregions, but three-fourths were at one site—Mullet Island at the Salton Sea in the Sonoran Desert ecoregion (abandoned in 2014). The ecoregions with the next highest proportions were the Sacramento Valley, San Joaquin Valley, and Modoc Plateau. The apparent increase in numbers and colony sites since 1999—consistent with the pattern through much of western North America—reflects the (short-lived) increase in numbers at the Salton Sea, an increasing number of colonies and breeding pairs in the Central Valley, and slightly better coverage on the recent surveys. Because of practical survey constraints and limited data to date, evidence of change in numbers of Doublecrested Cormorants breeding in the interior of California between 1998–1999 and 2009–2012 is inconclusive. Plans for monitoring will need to take into account the effects of substantial annual variation in numbers, which may be associated with large fluctuations in cormorants’ prey base, short-term cycles of drought and flood, shifts of nesting cormorants into or out of the interior of California, and the expectation of greater environmental fluctuations with continuing climate change. The factors most likely to limit the number of cormorants breeding in the interior of the state are habitat loss or alteration (particularly from reallocation of water for human needs), disease, human disturbance, and the long-term effects of climate change.

scholarly journals Incidence of Delirium in Hospitalized Children with Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Fluctuating Course

Delirium is defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fifth edition (DSM-V) as a “disturbance and change in attention and awareness from baseline that develops over a short period of time, with fluctuating course” [1]. Delirium occurs as a result of factors related to primary illness, the treatment of that illness, and stressful and disorientating environment of the hospital [2]. There are limited data to describe the incidence of delirium in children hospitalized with cancer [3]. Delirium occurs frequently in adults and is an independent predictor of mortality, increased length of stay, and increased risk for long-term cognitive deficits [3]. The prevalence of delirium in hospitalized adults ages 18-56 with cancer ranges from 18%-44% [4]. Most pediatric studies on delirium focus on the critically ill child in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). It is estimated that the incidence of delirium in this population is as high as 29% [5].

A new Australian record of a Parajapidae (Diplura): a potential pest of wheat

Soil Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Penelope Greenslade ◽  
Yun-Xia Luan
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
New South ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Potential Pest ◽  
North And South America ◽  
First Time ◽  
North And South

Parajapyx isabellae (Grassi, 1886) is recorded for the first time from Australia. It is a cosmopolitan soil species found in Europe, North and South America and Asia. Womersley last studied Australian Parajapygidae 80 years ago, listing a single endemic species for the genus Parajapyx Silvestri, 1903, sensu stricta. In 2017, an unidentified Parajapyx was found in deep soil under wheat in winter, spring and summer at Harden, New South Wales, in a long-term tillage trial. It was most abundant in the minimum tillage/stubble retained plots in soil below 5 cm but rarely observed in the conventionally tilled/stubble burned plots. The same field experiment was sampled five times using the same methods over 3 years from 1993–95 but no specimens of Diplura were collected. The specimens were identified as P. isabellae using morphology and confirmed with the DNA barcoding sequence data. Most species of Parajapygidae are carnivores feeding on small arthropods but there are records from North America, Europe and Hawaii of P. isabellae feeding on roots of wheat and other agricultural crops. We provide here illustrations of species P. isabellae so that crop scientists in Australia are aware of the potential pest and can identify it. Sequence data indicate that the population may have originated from two sources.

Long-term growth trends of Abies delavayi and its physiological responses to a warming climate in the Cangshan Mountains, southwestern China

2022 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
pp. 119943
Author(s):  
Rao-Qiong Yang ◽  
Fan Zhao ◽  
Ze-Xin Fan ◽  
Shankar Panthi ◽  
Pei-Li Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Growth Trends ◽  
Warming Climate
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document