Carbon storage in Lake States aspen ecosystems

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1107-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.H. Alban ◽  
D.A. Perala
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Standing Biomass ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Lake States

Total ecosystem carbon in the soil and vegetation was measured for a range of aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.) ecosystems, including a chronosequence on the same soil ranging in age from 0 to 80 years. Soil carbon stayed relatively constant throughout the stand's life and was not affected by timber harvesting. Changes in ecosystem carbon closely paralleled the changes in standing biomass. Aspen grown on 40-year rotations on good soils will sequester several times as much carbon per year as old-growth forests.

Forestry and Black-tailed Deer: Conflicts, Crises, or Cooperation

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Bunnell
Keyword(s):  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Winter Habitat ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Functional Relationships ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Growth Features ◽  
Initial Research

Prior to 1970, research on the relationships between black-tailed deer and forestry practices was largely restricted to areas of low snowfall. Findings suggested that deer populations responded positively to the increased forage generated by timber harvesting practices, and forestry was assumed to be beneficial to black-tailed deer. The first research in areas of high snowfall obtained contrary results; in fact, old-growth forests were found to be valuable habitats for deer. Subsequent research documented that there were four major reasons why old-growth forests provided ideal winter habitat: reduced costs of locomotion in snow, lower rates of food burial, provision of arboreal lichen, and a more heterogeneous, fine-grained environment. Initial research findings encouraged harvesting guidelines that temporarily reserved tracts of old growth as winter ranges. The guidelines were enacted while research, would eventually suggest alternative approaches, continued to examine functional relationships. Current solutions to the conflict include intensive, specific silvicultural practices to mimic old-growth features in managed stands. Review of the conflict provides several lessons of broader applicability.

scholarly journals Some aspects of ecophysiological and biogeochemical responses of tropical forests to atmospheric change

2004 ◽  
Vol 359 (1443) ◽  
pp. 463-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Q. Chambers ◽  
Whendee L. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Sequestration Rate

Atmospheric changes that may affect physiological and biogeochemical processes in old–growth tropical forests include: (i) rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration; (ii) an increase in land surface temperature; (iii) changes in precipitation and ecosystem moisture status; and (iv) altered disturbance regimes. Elevated CO 2 is likely to directly influence numerous leaf–level physiological processes, but whether these changes are ultimately reflected in altered ecosystem carbon storage is unclear. The net primary productivity (NPP) response of old–growth tropical forests to elevated CO 2 is unknown, but unlikely to exceed the maximum experimentally measured 25% increase in NPP with a doubling of atmospheric CO 2 from pre–industrial levels. In addition, evolutionary constraints exhibited by tropical plants adapted to low CO 2 levels during most of the Late Pleistocene, may result in little response to increased carbon availability. To set a maximum potential response for a Central Amazon forest, using an individual–tree–based carbon cycling model, a modelling experiment was performed constituting a 25% increase in tree growth rate, linked to the known and expected increase in atmospheric CO 2 . Results demonstrated a maximum carbon sequestration rate of ca . 0.2 Mg C per hectare per year (ha −1 yr −1 , where 1 ha = 10 4 m 2 ), and a sequestration rate of only 0.05 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 for an interval centred on calendar years 1980–2020. This low rate results from slow growing trees and the long residence time of carbon in woody tissues. By contrast, changes in disturbance frequency, precipitation patterns and other environmental factors can cause marked and relatively rapid shifts in ecosystem carbon storage. It is our view that observed changes in tropical forest inventory plots over the past few decades is more probably being driven by changes in disturbance or other environmental factors, than by a response to elevated CO 2 . Whether these observed changes in tropical forests are the beginning of long–term permanent shifts or a transient response is uncertain and remains an important research priority.

scholarly journals Stand Structural Diversity and Species with Leaf Nitrogen Conservation Drive Aboveground Carbon Storage in Tropical Old-Growth Forests

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
Genzhu Wang ◽  
Yuguo Liu ◽  
Xiuqin Wu ◽  
Danbo Pang ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Niche Complementarity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Stand Structural Diversity ◽  
Aboveground Carbon Storage

Tropical old-growth forests are essential for global carbon regulation. Although there is increasing evidence that species and functional diversity, stand structural diversity, functional compositions, and elevation play roles in ecosystem functioning, the relative strengths of these drivers and the underlying mechanisms (mass-ratio hypothesis or niche complementarity hypothesis) are not clear. Aboveground carbon storage, species diversity, stand structural diversity, community-weighted mean (CWM), and functional diversity (FDvar) of 12 leaf traits were analyzed using data from 56 old-growth forest communities in the Dawei Mountain area of Southwest China. Multiple regression models were used to test the relative importance of the predictor variables and the structural equation model was used to explore the direct and indirect influences on aboveground carbon storage. High structural diversity moderately enhanced aboveground carbon storage. CWM leaf nitrogen concentration in young leaves weakly affected aboveground carbon storage. Our final multiple regression model showed that aboveground carbon storage is mostly affected by diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity, followed by FDvar of dry matter concentration in mature leaves and CWM nitrogen concentration in young leaves. The structural equation model indicated that elevation negatively affects aboveground carbon storage via diameter at breast height (DBH) diversity. Our results suggest that niche complementarity effects moderately drive aboveground carbon storage in tropical old-growth forests, but do not fully support the importance of the mass-ratio hypothesis.

Soil Carbon Accumulation in Old-Growth Forests

2009 ◽  
pp. 231-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Gleixner ◽  
Cindy Tefs ◽  
Albrecht Jordan ◽  
Matthias Hammer ◽  
Christian Wirth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Soil Carbon Accumulation

Effects on Carbon Storage of Conversion of Old-Growth Forests to Young Forests

Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 247 (4943) ◽  
pp. 699-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Harmon ◽  
W. K. Ferrell ◽  
J. F. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests ◽  
Young Forests

Estimating Forest Ecosystem Carbon Storage under the Natural Forest Protection Program in Northeast China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4294-4297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Wei Wei ◽  
Li Min Dai ◽  
Xiang Min Fang ◽  
Wei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Forest Protection ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Natural Forest Protection Program ◽  
Natural Forest Protection

Forest ecosystem plays an important role in regulating global carbon cycle and climate change, to estimate its carbon storage, this study selected five major forest types in Northeast and investigated its tree, understory vegetation, forest floor and soil carbon density based on field measurement. Subsequently, we combined with the 7th Forest Resources Statistics of China to calculate forest carbon storage under the natural forest protection program in Northeast on regional scale. Results showed that forest ecosystem carbon storage under the natural forest protection program in Northeast was 4603.8 TgC, in which tree, understory, forest floor and soil carbon storages account for 22.7%, 0.9%, 6.5% and 69.9% respectively. Forest ecosystem carbon density was 180.6 Mg/ha, and tree, understory, and forest floor carbon density all increased with age class, which imply the great forest carbon sequestration potential under the natural forest protection program in Northeast.

scholarly journals Carbon storage in old-growth forests of the Mid-Atlantic: toward better understanding the eastern forest carbon sink

Ecology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. McGarvey ◽  
Jonathan R. Thompson ◽  
Howard E. Epstein ◽  
Herman H. Shugart
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Forest Carbon ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Old Growth Forests
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