Aspects of productivity and nutrient cycling in an 8-year-old Eucalyptus plantation in a moist plain area adjacent to central Himalaya, India

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1365-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra S. Bargali ◽  
Surendra P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Plain Area ◽  
Sal Forest

In the present study we describe biomass, productivity, and nutrient cycling in an 8-year-old Eucalyptustereticornis Sm. (Eucalyptus hybrid) plantation and compare them with those of a Populusdeltoides Bartr. plantation of the same age and area, a natural sal (Shorearobusta Gaertn. F.) forest, and other natural forests of the central Himalaya. The total vegetation biomass of the Eucalyptus plantation (126.7 t•ha−1) was lower than that of the P. deltoides plantation (176 t•ha−1) and natural forests (163.4–786.7 t•ha−1). The net primary productivity of the Eucalyptus plantation (23.4 t•ha−1•year−1) was similar to that of the P. deltoides plantation (25 t•ha−1•year−1) and the natural sal forest (22 t•ha−1•year−1). The net nutrient uptake of Eucalyptus was lower than that of Populus plantation and natural forests.

scholarly journals Combining livestock production information in a process-based vegetation model to reconstruct the history of grassland management

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3757-3776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Chang ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Mario Herrero ◽  
Petr Havlik ◽  
Matteo Campioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Balance ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
Grass Biomass

Abstract. Grassland management type (grazed or mown) and intensity (intensive or extensive) play a crucial role in the greenhouse gas balance and surface energy budget of this biome, both at field scale and at large spatial scale. However, global gridded historical information on grassland management intensity is not available. Combining modelled grass-biomass productivity with statistics of the grass-biomass demand by livestock, we reconstruct gridded maps of grassland management intensity from 1901 to 2012. These maps include the minimum area of managed vs. maximum area of unmanaged grasslands and the fraction of mown vs. grazed area at a resolution of 0.5° by 0.5°. The grass-biomass demand is derived from a livestock dataset for 2000, extended to cover the period 1901–2012. The grass-biomass supply (i.e. forage grass from mown grassland and biomass grazed) is simulated by the process-based model ORCHIDEE-GM driven by historical climate change, rising CO2 concentration, and changes in nitrogen fertilization. The global area of managed grassland obtained in this study increases from 6.1  ×  106 km2 in 1901 to 12.3  ×  106 km2 in 2000, although the expansion pathway varies between different regions. ORCHIDEE-GM also simulated augmentation in global mean productivity and herbage-use efficiency over managed grassland during the 20th century, indicating a general intensification of grassland management at global scale but with regional differences. The gridded grassland management intensity maps are model dependent because they depend on modelled productivity. Thus specific attention was given to the evaluation of modelled productivity against a series of observations from site-level net primary productivity (NPP) measurements to two global satellite products of gross primary productivity (GPP) (MODIS-GPP and SIF data). Generally, ORCHIDEE-GM captures the spatial pattern, seasonal cycle, and interannual variability of grassland productivity at global scale well and thus is appropriate for global applications presented here.

scholarly journals Combining livestock production information in a process based vegetation model to reconstruct the history of grassland management

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinfeng Chang ◽  
Philippe Ciais ◽  
Mario Herrero ◽  
Petr Havlik ◽  
Matteo Campioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Management Intensity ◽  
Grass Biomass

Abstract. Grassland management type (grazed or mown) and intensity (intensive or extensive) play a crucial role in the GHG balance and surface energy budget of this biome, both at field scale and at large spatial scale. Yet, global gridded historical information on grassland management intensity is not available. Combining modelled grass biomass productivity with statistics of the grass-biomass demand by livestock, we reconstruct gridded maps of grassland management intensity from 1901 to 2012. These maps include the minimum area of managed vs. maximum area of un-managed grasslands, and the fraction of mown versus grazed area at a resolution of 0.5° by 0.5°. The grass-biomass demand is derived from a livestock dataset for 2000, extended to cover the period 1901–2012. The nature of grass-biomass supply (i.e., forage grass from mown grassland and biomass grazed) is simulated by the process based model ORCHIDEE-GM driven by historical climate change, rising CO2 concentration, and changes in nitrogen fertilization. The global area of managed grassland obtained in this study is simulated to increase from 5.1 × 106 km2 in 1901 to 11 × 106 km2 in 2000, although the expansion pathway varies between different regions. The gridded grassland management intensity maps are model-dependent because they depend on Net Primary Productivity (NPP), which is the reason why specific attention is given to the evaluation of NPP. Namely, ORCHIDEE-GM is calibrated for C3 and C4 grass functional traits, and then evaluated against a series of observations from site-level NPP measurements to two global satellite products of Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) (MODIS-GPP and SIF data). The distribution of GPP and NPP with and without management, are evaluated against observations at different spatial and temporal scales. Generally, ORCHIDEE-GM captures the spatial pattern, seasonal cycle and interannual variability of grassland productivity at global scale well, and thus appears to be appropriate for global applications.

Productivity and nutrient cycling in poplar stands in central Himalaya, India

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Lodhiyal ◽  
R.P. Singh ◽  
S.P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Nutrient Retranslocation ◽  
Use Efficiency

Productivity and nutrient-use efficiency were investigated in plantations of similar age of poplar clone D121 (Populusdeltoides Marsh.) that differed mainly in plant density. The plantations were located in the Tarai belt (low-lying area with high water table) of the Indian Central Himalaya. The total net primary productivity of the high-density plantation (4 years old with 666 trees/ha) was conspicuously higher (32.4 tones•ha−1•year−1) than that of the low-density (20 tonnes•ha−1•year−1) plantation (5 years old with 400 trees/ha), while nutrient-use efficiency was similar in these plantations. The net primary productivity/leaf nutrient ratios and percent nutrient retranslocation from senescing leaves were higher in the high-density than in the low-density plantations. In these young plantations leaf litterfall accounted for most of the litterfall (96–97%). The amount of nutrients that returned through litterfall to the soil was distinctly greater in the high-density plantation than in the low-density plantation. The greater nutrient return was due to first, the greater dry weight of litterfall and the lower proportional nutrient retranslocation from leaves during senescence in the high-density plantation. The high-density plantation also showed greater nutrient extraction efficiency from soil. Compared with a Eucalyptustereticornis Sm. plantation, and with natural forests of the study region, the nutrient use efficiency of poplar, regardless of its density, was lower.

Satellite-based estimation of net primary productivity for southern China’s grasslands from 1982 to 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Yang ◽  
T Lu ◽  
S Liu ◽  
J Jian ◽  
F Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity
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