Retrospective shoot growth analysis for three seed sources of loblolly pine

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance A. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Number Of Cycles

Height growth by year and by individual cycle on the terminal shoot was reconstructed from stem analysis for 45 loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) trees that were 35 years old. Sample trees represented three seed sources (Clark County, AR; Livingston Parish, LA; and Onslow County, NC), each of which had been planted at three installations (Arkadelphia, AR; Poplarville, MS; and New Bern, NC) located in the general geographic area where one of the seed sources had been collected. Stem analysis was facilitated by the development of a staining technique that enhanced recognition of the boundaries between individual height-growth cycles and between years. Both annual height growth and number of cycles produced varied with tree age, seed source, and installation. Number of cycles produced per year ranged from two to seven; maximum annual production of cycles per seed source was achieved between ages 3 and 10 years. Even between ages 30 and 35, trees still exhibited polycyclic behavior, producing two to five cycles annually. Annual height growth was greatest between ages 4 and 15; height growth declined with age more rapidly than annual number of cycles. The relationship at each installation between cumulative height and cumulative number of cycles showed that the tallest seed source (Onslow in all cases) was the one that had produced the greatest number of cycles. Shorter trees at the poorest site resulted from lower numbers of cycles produced and, particularly after the production of 50 to 65 cycles, shorter mean cycle length. For all three seed sources, mean height was greatest at the installation where the trees produced the most cycles. Height-growth curves for two of the installations crossed, demonstrating differences in height-growth patterns related to site characteristics.

Nutrient Content of the Aboveground Tissue of 12-week-old Loblolly Pine Intraprovenance and Interprovenance Crosses

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Woessner ◽  
C. B. Davey ◽  
B. E. Crabtree ◽  
J. D. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Good Linear ◽  
Available Nutrients ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Aboveground Tissue

Nutrient content (P, K, Ca, Mg) of the aboveground tissue of a series of full-sib loblolly crosses was found to vary by genotype. Variability among and within seed sources is indicated for the ability to absorb Ca and Mg. Absorption of P and K was not found to be dependent on seed source, but the full-sib crosses differ. Good linear relationships were found between plant dry weight and weight of element but not between plant dry weight and percentage of element. Certain highly efficient crosses can be expected to be good producers of dry matter on sites low in available nutrients.

Silver Maple Seed Sources for Increased Biomass Production

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard F. Kopp ◽  
Wayne A. Geyer ◽  
William R. Lovett
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Silver Maple ◽  
South Central ◽  
Maple Seed

Abstract Silver maple shows promise for use in short-rotation intensive culture energy plantings. A seed source study composed of trees from 26 midwest locations was established in south-central Nebraska in 1979 to determine where silver maple seed should be collected for use in the central Great Plains. Trees were evaluated for survival, height growth, and number of dominant stems per tree during their seventh growing season. Sources from eastern Nebraska, western Iowa, eastern Kansas, and northwest Missouri generally exhibited the greatest survival, height growth, and number of dominant stems. Height growth appears to be under stronger genetic control than stem number, suggesting that selection for height should take priority when selecting trees for biomass production. Geographic trends related to survival and height growth, but not stem number, were observed. Environmental or geographic factors that are strong predictors of seed source performance could not be identified. Planting the most locally produced seed is advisable for the central Plains. North. J. Appl. For. 5:180-184, Sept. 1988.

scholarly journals Performance of Green Ash Seed Sources at Four Locations in the Great Plains Region

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Wayne A. Geyer ◽  
Keith D. Lynch ◽  
John Row ◽  
Peter Schaeffer ◽  
Walter Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Cold Injury ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Ash Trees

Abstract Green ash trees from 10 seed sources were planted in a test in 1961 in four states of the Great Plains Region. After more than 20 years, height growth indicates a strong interaction between seed source and plantation location. Larger trees were from southerly sources within about three degrees of latitude of the plantation site. Beyond those limits, cold injury may result. Height and dbh age-age correlations were highly significant at 8 and 20+ years. Height and dbh correlated negatively with a decrease in latitude. North. J. Appl. For. 22(1):54–58.

The effect of genotype on biomass and nutrient content in 11-year-old loblolly pine plantations

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Elemental Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Hilly Region

Dry weights and nutrient contents of all aboveground biomass components were estimated for four seed sources of 11-year-old loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) grown in plantations of the same spacing on an old-field site of high quality in the hilly region of north-central Arkansas, U.S.A. Soil nutrient content was estimated to a depth of 0.61 m. Stand data averaged over all seeds sources are in agreement with published reports for dry weight and nutrient accumulation for loblolly pine if differences associated with seasonal variation are considered. Seed source significantly affected total dry matter and nutrient accumulations. Estimated total aboveground mean annual accumulation of biomass for the four seed sources ranged from 5.99 × 103 to 11.17 × 103 kg/ha per year. Elemental accumulation (kilograms per hectare per year) ranged from 14.06 to 23.66 for N, 1.54 to 3.45 for P, and 6.96 to 18.43 for K. On the average, trees comprise 84% of the aboveground plant biomass and contain 76% of the N, 77% of the P, and 90%, of the K associated with plant tissue. The significant influence of seed source on these stand values can affect the potential impact of short rotation, total tree harvesting on long-term site productivity. The elemental content of the tree biomass ranged from 7 to 11% of the total N, 20 to 35% of the P, and 14 to 30% of the K in the soil–litter–plant system.

Site Index Curves for Loblolly Pine Plantations on Cutover Site-Prepared Lands

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Amateis ◽  
Harold E. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
The South ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Natural Range

Abstract Stem analysis data collected from dominant and codominant loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) trees in cutover, site-prepared plantations were used to develop site index curves. The data were collected over much of the natural range of loblolly pine. A separable differential equation which expresses height growth as a function of both height and age was used to develop the site index curves. These site index curves should be applicable to loblolly pine plantations on cutover, site-prepared lands through much of the South.1

A comparison of alternative data sources for modeling site index in loblolly pine plantations

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1026-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micky G. Allen ◽  
Harold E. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Cost Constraints

Site index curves are generally developed from one of three data sources: (i) permanent sample plots, (ii) temporary sample plots, or (iii) stem analysis data. Permanent sample plots are considered to be the best data source for modeling height–age relationships; however, due to time and cost constraints, analysts may consider using temporary sample plots or stem analysis data for equation fitting. Temporary sample plot and stem analysis data, although more quickly obtained, require assumptions that are often not met when modeling site index. The question becomes how models developed from temporary sample plot or stem analysis data compare with models developed from permanent sample plot data. Data from a region-wide study in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations were used to develop site index curves from each of the three data sources. A form of the Chapman–Richards model was used for all three data sources to guard against confounding and to discern differences among the data sources when modeling height–age relationships. For the comparison and evaluation of behavior of different functions, the Schumacher model was also fitted to the three data sources. Curves developed from temporary sample plot and stem analysis data did not reproduce the height growth pattern exhibited in permanent sample plots, although curves derived from temporary plots were closer to the height growth pattern.

Initial Pinustaeda seedling height relationships with early survival and growth

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 867-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Tuttle ◽  
D. B. South ◽  
M. S. Golden ◽  
R. S. Meldahl
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Initial Height ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Survival And Growth

Initial planting height of loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) seedlings from several nurseries and seed sources was related to survival and height growth on "good" and "poor" planting chances in Alabama. A planting chance was classified as poor if 2-year survival was less than 75% and total 2-year height growth was less than 75 cm. Seedling height (measured immediately following planting) was negatively related to survival, and the slope of the regression was four times greater when the planting chance was classified as poor than when it was classified as good. Initial height was also negatively related to 2-year height growth on poor planting chances, with shorter seedlings at planting reaching the same total height as taller ones after two seasons. As a result, initial field height on poor planting chances had little impact on total seedling height after two growing seasons. Therefore, there was no height growth advantage gained by planting seedlings taller than 20 cm when survival was less than 75%. Planting seedlings with heights of 20–34 cm was less of a problem when the planting chance was good. The use of shorter seedlings on planting chances where low survival may be expected may significantly increase loblolly pine seedling survival in the southern United States.

Predicting Site Index for Old-Field Loblolly Pine Plantations

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Golden ◽  
Ralph Meldahl ◽  
Steven A. Knowe ◽  
William D. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Clay Soils ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Old Field ◽  
Separate Table

Abstract Height-over-age curves and site-index prediction tables were derived using nonlinear polymorphic regression models with data from 25-year-old old-field plantations ranging from coastal North Carolina to southwestern Arkansas. Plots from heavy silty clay soils of the interior flatwoods of Mississippi exhibited height growth patterns noticeably different from the overall pattern. A separate table and set of curves were developed for such sites.

Growth and Wood Properties in a Carolina Sandhills Pine Seed Source Study

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Jett ◽  
W. M. Guiness
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Seed Source ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Excellent Growth

Abstract Eight pine sources were planted on a sandhills site in South Carolina. Total height, dbh, wood specific gravity, tracheid length, and fusiform rust (Cronartium quercum [Berk.] Miyabe ex. Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) infection were evaluated following 17 growing seasons. The Choctawhatcheesource of sand pine (Pinus clausa [Chapm.] Vasey) is apparently well adapted to the deep sands of the Carolina sandhills and exhibited superior height and diameter growth to slash pine, two local sources of loblolly pine (P. taeda L.), and two sources of Virginia pine (P. virginiana Mill.). A combination of excellent growth and reasonable survival resulted in significantly more cubic foot volume per acre than the other seed sources or species included in this study. Despite having the lowest weighted specific gravity of all sources in this planting, the Choctawhatchee sand pineproduced more than twice as much dry weight per acre than any other source. A single open-pollinated family of drought-hardy loblolly pine from Bastrop County, TX, displayed excellent growth, survival, rust resistance, and wood quality. Its performance warrants a more careful and wider evaluationof this seed source for use on these difficult sandhills sites in the Carolinas. South. J. Appl. For. 16(4):164-169

scholarly journals Height growth of black spruce in British Columbia

2002 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon D Nigh ◽  
Pavel V Krestov ◽  
Karel Klinka
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stem Analysis ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Northern Half

Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) is a boreal species that occurs extensively across the northern half of British Columbia. Forest managers require better growth and yield information for black spruce given the anticipated increase in demand for wood in the northern part of the province. The purpose of this study was to develop height-age models for black spruce. Ninety-one stem analysis plots were established in the BWBS and SBS biogeoclimatic zones. Three black spruce site trees from each plot were stem analyzed and the data were converted into height-age data. A conditioned log-logistic function was fit to the data. Indicator variables were used to test for differences in height growth between the sampled subzones. Although the warm subzones had different height growth patterns than the cool subzones, there was general agreement among the height-age models from British Columbia, Alberta, and New Brunswick up to about age 100. Key words: biogeoclimatic zones, height-age models, logistic function, site index, stem analysis

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