Biomass estimation equations for Norway spruce in New York

1986 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Jokela ◽  
K. P. Van Gurp ◽  
R. D. Briggs ◽  
E. H. White
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Estimation Equations

Biomass estimation equations for plantation-grown Norway spruce (Piceaabies (L.) Karst.) were developed from data of 30 sample trees and expressed using the linear form of the following allometric equation: In Y = b0 + b1 ln X + ln ε, where Y is dry weight and X is dbh or D2H. The accuracy of the equations for biomass estimates were ranked as follows: total tree > stem wood > stem bark > foliage > live branches > dead branches. Diameter alone was a strong predictor of biomass and the addition of height to the model only slightly reduced the standard error of the estimate for the stem component equations. Comparison of results to equations developed in Sweden showed similarity in predictions for total biomass, but also showed disparity in predictions for individual tree components. Factors that influence tree morphology and distribution patterns of dry matter accumulation, such as stocking and site quality, may be responsible for these differences.

Generality of black spruce biomass estimation equations

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Grigal ◽  
L. K. Kernik
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Estimation Equations ◽  
Stand Conditions

We developed a set of equations to estimate biomass of black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), based on data from trees from bogs in Minnesota. The equation for total biomass, based on diameter alone, was similar to most other equations for black spruce in the literature. This relationship appears to have wide generality. Estimates of foliage biomass, arrived at by using the same tree diameter and height but various equations from the literature, differed greatly. These comparisons indicate that stand conditions, such as stocking, are apparently very important in determining mass of black spruce foliage.

scholarly journals Incorporating competition factors in a mixed-effect model with random effects of site quality for individual tree above-ground biomass growth of Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchuan Nong ◽  
Yan Leng ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Guanglong Ou
Keyword(s):  
Site Quality ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Mixed Effect Model ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Pinus Kesiya ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Better Than

Background: Accurate biomass estimation has critical effects on quantifying carbon stocks and sequestration rates, and above-ground biomass (AGB) growth models are a key component of tree biomass estimation. The study objective was to develop a growth model for AGB of an individual tree by combining competition factors and site quality using a mixed-effect model. Methods: The AGB of 128 sampling trees was investigated for Simao pine (Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis) at three typical sites near Pu’er City of Yunnan Province, China. Richards’ Equation was used for the basic growth model (BM) of the AGB, and a mixed-effect model with random effect of site quality (MEM) based on BM and a mixed-effect model with fixed effect of competition factors (MEMC) based on MEM were built using S-plus. Results: Both mixed-effect models are significantly better than the basic model in fitting and predicting the individual tree AGB growth for Simao pine, but the MEM is better than the MEMC. Moreover, the mixed-effect model with competition factors and site quality is the optimal estimation model due to its highest prediction precision (P=86.08%) as well as the lowest absolute average relative error (RMA=54.34%) and average relative error (EE =6.45%). Conclusion: A model including site quality and competition factors can be used to improve the tree AGB growth estimation for the individual tree AGB growth of Simao pine.

scholarly journals Young Silver Birch Grows Faster and Allocates Higher Portion of Biomass into Stem Than Norway Spruce, a Case Study from a Post-Disturbance Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 433
Author(s):  
Bohdan Konôpka ◽  
Jozef Pajtík ◽  
Vladimír Šebeň ◽  
Peter Surový ◽  
Katarína Merganičová
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Research Activities

The aim of the paper was to compare young silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) growing at the identical site, from the point of contribution of tree components to their aboveground biomass stock, their wood density, radial increment and aboveground biomass production. Our research activities were performed in the High Tatra Mts., which belong to the Tatra National Park (TANAP), Northern Slovakia. Currently, the substantial part of the TANAP territory is covered by post-disturbance young forests which have been growing there since the large-scale windstorm episode in November 2004. Our study combined non-destructive repeated tree measurements performed at two transects in 2016–2020, with destructive tree sampling of twenty 14-year-old individuals for each species. From the gathered data, we derived models estimating standing stock and annual production of aboveground biomass in individual tree components (foliage, branches, stem bark and stem wood), using diameter at breast height (DBH) as a predictor. The results showed contrasting contributions of tree compartments to aboveground biomass stock between birch and spruce. While spruce trees had four times higher contribution of foliage than birches, the reverse situation (1.5-fold difference) was observed for stem over bark biomass. At the same time, birch trees had a 40% greater diameter increment and a 30% denser stem wood than spruce. As for aboveground biomass production, the contribution of the stem as an economically important component was greater in birch than spruce. The results suggest that, in the young growth stage, birch may be advantageous over spruce in both ecological and production properties. Therefore, we believe that strengthening research activities focused on birch ecology and production issues would bring practical recommendations for better utilization of this tree species in forestry and wood-processing industry sectors

scholarly journals Models for diameter and height growth of Scots pine, Norway spruce and pubescent birch in drained peatland sites in Finland

Silva Fennica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Repola ◽  
Hannu Hökkä ◽  
Hannu Salminen
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Tree Diameter

The aim of this study was to develop individual-tree diameter and height growth models for Scots pine, Norway spruce, and pubescent birch growing in drained peatlands in Finland. Trees growing in peatland sites have growth patterns that deviate from that of trees growing in mineral soil sites. Five-year growth was explained by tree diameter, different tree and stand level competition measures, management operations and site characteristics. The drainage status of the site was influencing growth directly or in interaction with other variables. Site quality had a direct impact but was also commonly related to current site drainage status (need for ditch maintenance). Recent thinning increased growth of all species and former PK fertilization increased growth of pine and birch. Temperature sum was a significant predictor in all models and altitude for spruce and birch. The data were a subsample of the 7th National Forest Inventory (NFI) sample plots representing northern and southern Finland and followed by repeated measurements for 15–20 yrs. Growth levels predicted by the models were calibrated using NFI11 data to remove bias originating from the sample of the modelling data. The mixed linear models technique was used in model estimation. The models will be incorporated into the MOTTI stand simulator to replace the current peatlands growth models.

scholarly journals Comparison of individual tree aboveground biomass estimation in community forests using allometric equation and expansion factor in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmanta Setiahadi
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Expansion Factor ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Biomass Expansion Factor ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Tree Component

Abstract. Setiahadi R. 2021. Comparison of individual tree aboveground biomass estimation in community forests using allometric equation and expansion factor in Magetan, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3899-3909. The use of allometric equation and biomass expansion factor can facilitate more efficient tree biomass estimation. This study evaluates the accuracy of the allometric equation and expansion factor for quantifying the individual tree aboveground biomass in community forest tree species. Destructive sampling n on 120 trees from four different species: Falcataria moluccana, Melia azedarach, Swietenia macrophylla, and Tectona grandis. For each tree sample, aboveground biomass measured at every tree component, i.e., stem, branches, and leaves. The allometric equation developed using regression analysis with several predictor variables, such as diameter at breast height (D), squared diameter at breast height combined with tree height (D2H), and D and H separately. On another side, the biomass expansion factor was calculated based on the total aboveground biomass and stem biomass ratio. The results found the highest mean aboveground biomass for all species are M. azedarach (326.36±88.40 kg tree-1), S. macrophylla (244.47±98.73 kg tree-1), T. grandis (173.31±80.97 kg tree-1), and F. moluccana (56.56±23.10 kg tree-1). The most significant average biomass expansion factor observed in M. azedarach (1.78±0.03), adhered by T. grandis (1.66±0.09), S. macrophylla (1.61±0.04), and F. moluccana (1.59±0.06). The equation ln? = lna + b x ln (D) was best for estimating aboveground biomass in each tree component and a total of four species with an accuracy of more than 90%.

Individual tree biomass estimation equations for plantation-grown white spruce in northern Minnesota

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Harding ◽  
D. F. Grigal
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Tree Biomass ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Estimation Equations

Prediction equations for biomass of white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) were developed for 115 sample trees using the allometric models Y = ADB and Y = ADBHC, where Y is mass, D is diameter at breast height, and H is total height. The addition of height to the model reduced the Sy•x for all estimates except that for biomass of branches and needles. Comparison of results to other estimation equations developed in eastern Canada showed that biomass estimates were variable. Variations in stand structure and age between natural and plantation-grown trees are possible reasons for these differences.

scholarly journals Aboveground Tree Biomass Estimation of Sparse Subalpine Coniferous Forest with UAV Oblique Photography

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayuan Lin ◽  
Meimei Wang ◽  
Mingguo Ma ◽  
Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
Biomass Estimation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Point Cloud Data ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Subalpine Coniferous Forest

In tree Aboveground Biomass (AGB) estimation, the traditional harvest method is accurate but unsuitable for a large-scale forest. The airborne Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) is superior in obtaining the point cloud data of a dense forest and extracting tree heights for AGB estimation. However, the LiDAR has limitations such as high cost, low efficiency, and complicated operations. Alternatively, the overlapping oblique photographs taken by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-loaded digital camera can also generate point cloud data using the Aerial Triangulation (AT) method. However, limited by the relatively poor penetrating capacity of natural light, the photographs captured by the digital camera on a UAV are more suitable for obtaining the point cloud data of a relatively sparse forest. In this paper, an electric fixed-wing UAV loaded with a digital camera was employed to take oblique photographs of a sparse subalpine coniferous forest in the source region of the Minjiang River. Based on point cloud data obtained from the overlapping photographs, a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) was generated by filtering non-ground points along with the acquisition of a Digital Surface Model (DSM) of Minjiang fir trees by eliminating subalpine shrubs and meadows. Individual tree heights were extracted by overlaying individual tree outlines on Canopy Height Model (CHM) data computed by subtracting the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from the rasterized DSM. The allometric equation with tree height (H) as the predictor variable was established by fitting measured tree heights with tree AGBs, which were estimated using the allometric equation on H and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) in sample tree plots. Finally, the AGBs of all of the trees in the test site were determined by inputting extracted individual tree heights into the established allometric equation. In accuracy assessment, the coefficient of determination (R2) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of extracted individual tree heights were 0.92 and 1.77 m, and the R2 and RMSE of the estimated AGBs of individual trees were 0.96 and 54.90 kg. The results demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of applying UAV-acquired oblique optical photographs to the tree AGB estimation of sparse subalpine coniferous forests.

scholarly journals Paclobutrazol Improves Sesame Yield by Increasing Dry Matter Accumulation and Reducing Seed Shattering Under Rainfed Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood ◽  
Ghulam Qadir ◽  
Obaid Afzal ◽  
Atta Mohi Ud Din ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Seed Shattering ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Leaf Greenness

AbstractSeveral biotic and abiotic stresses significantly decrease the biomass accumulation and seed yield of sesame crops under rainfed areas. However, plant growth regulators (such as Paclobutrazol) can improve the total dry matter and seed production of the sesame crop. The effects of the paclobutrazol application on dry matter accumulation and seed yield had not been studied before in sesame under rainfed conditions. Therefore, a two-year field study during 2018 and 2019 was conducted with key objectives to assess the impacts of paclobutrazol on leaf greenness, leaf area, total dry matter production and partitioning, seed shattering, and seed yield of sesame. Two sesame cultivars (TS-5 and TS-3) were treated with four paclobutrazol concentrations (P0 = Control, P1 = 100 mg L−1, P2 = 200 mg L−1, P3 = 300 mg L−1). The experiment was executed in RCBD-factorial design with three replications. Compared with P0, treatment P3 improved the leaf greenness of sesame by 17%, 38%, and 60% at 45, 85, and 125 days after sowing, respectively. However, P3 treatment decreased the leaf area of sesame by 14% and 20% at 45 and 85 days after sowing than P0, respectively. Compared with P0, treatment P3 increased the leaf area by 46% at 125 days after sowing. On average, treatment P3 also improved the total biomass production by 21% and partitioning in roots, stems, leaves, capsules, and seeds by 23%, 19%, 23%, 22%, and 40%, respectively, in the whole growing seasons as compared to P0. Moreover, under P3 treatment, sesame attained the highest seed yield and lowest seed shattering by 27% and 30%, respectively, compared to P0. This study indicated that by applying the paclobutrazol concentration at the rate of 300 mg L−1 in sesame, the leaf greenness, leaf areas, biomass accumulation, partitioning, seed yield, and shatter resistance could be improved. Thus, the optimum paclobutrazol level could enhance the dry matter accumulation and seed production capacity of sesame by decreasing shattering losses under rainfed conditions.

scholarly journals ESTOQUES DE BIOMASSA E NUTRIENTES EM TRÊS ESPÉCIES DE Parkia EM PLANTIOS JOVENS SOBRE ÁREA DEGRADADA NA AMAZÔNIA CENTRAL

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Karen C.P. da Costa ◽  
João B.S. Ferraz ◽  
Rodrigo P. Bastos ◽  
Tatiane Da S. Reis ◽  
Marciel J. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Coarse Roots ◽  
Stem Wood ◽  
Degraded Area ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
O 10 ◽  
Harvest Method

As estratégias de distribuição de biomassa e nutrientes utilizadas pelas espécies florestais podem refletir sua capacidade de sobrevivência em plantios sobre áreas degradadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar os estoques de biomassa e nutrientes nos compartimentos arbóreos de Parkia multijuga, Parkia nitida e Parkia pendula em plantios sobre área degradada em Manaus, AM. A biomassa foi determinada pelo método destrutivo em seis árvores de cada espécie, que foram compartimentadas em: folhas, galhos finos (Ø <10 cm), galhos grossos (Ø ≥10 cm), fuste, raízes médias (2 mm ≤ Ø <5 cm) e raízes grossas (Ø ≥5 cm). Aos quatro anos, Parkia multijuga exibiu 60% do total de biomassa nos compartimentos aéreos e 40% nos subterrâneos. Parkia nitida exibiu 84% nos compartimentos aéreos e apenas 16% nos subterrâneos. Parkia pendula exibiu 67% nos compartimentos aéreos e 33% nos subterrâneos. A ordem de acúmulo de macronutrientes nos compartimentos foi: N > Ca > K > Mg > P. O fato de Parkia multijuga adotar estratégias de alocação de biomassa e nutrientes que favorecerão seu desempenho sobre sítios com baixa disponibilidade de recursos sustenta sua indicação para a composição de programas de reflorestamento em áreas degradadas na Amazônia.Palavras-chave: Espécies florestais nativas; nutrição florestal; reflorestamento; restauração. AbstractBiomass and nutrients in three species of Parkia plantings on degraded area in Central Amazon. Biomass and nutrients partitioning strategies in tree species may reflect their ability to survive in plantations on degraded areas. The objective of this study was to investigate the content of biomass and nutrients in tree components of Parkia multijuga, Parkia nitida and Parkia pendula on plantings in degraded area in Manaus, AM. The biomass was determined by the harvest method in six trees of each species, which were subdivided into leaves, fine branches (Ø < 10 cm), coarse branches (Ø ≥10 cm), stem wood, medium roots (≤ 2 mm Ø < 5 cm ) and coarse roots (Ø ≥ 5 cm). At 4 years, Parkia multijuga allocated 60% of the total biomass to above-ground components and 40% to below-ground. Parkia nitida allocated 84% to above-ground and 16% to below-ground. Parkia pendula allocated 67% to above-ground components and 33% to below-ground. The order of the nutrient accumulation in tree compartments was: N > Ca > K > Mg > P. Parkia multijuga, by adopting better strategies of distribution of biomass and nutrients, it is a recommended species for reforestation programs on degraded sites in the Amazon.Keywords: Native forest species; forest nutrition; reforestation; restoration.

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