Forest growth and the effects of energy production: a method for detecting trends in the growth potential of trees

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hari ◽  
H. Arovaara ◽  
T. Raunemaa ◽  
A. Hautojärvi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Tree Growth Rate

An increase in the CO2 content of the atmosphere and in the acidity of rain has been detected in large regions of the northern hemisphere. Both these factors can affect the productivity of trees. A three-component model has been employed for the detection of possible trends in the growth potential of trees. The components are (i) the growth intensity associated with tree age, (ii) the effect of weather, and (iii) the effect of possible long-term trends on the radial growth. The model was tested with a limited set of data from conservation stands in southern and central Finland. Preliminary results indicate that an increase in tree growth rate since the beginning of the 20th century has occurred.

Sapwood thickness in Pinuscontorta var. latifolia

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2004-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.C. Yang ◽  
H.G. Murchison
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Individual Trees

The vertical variation in the number of sapwood growth rings and sapwood thickness in Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm. was studied in relation to aspect, tree age, bole diameter, sapwood radial growth rate, and whole-xylem radial growth rate. Samples from 19 trees growing on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains near Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada, formed the data base. Sapwood width for individual trees ranged from 20 to 26 mm for both the east and west aspects, and was constant at various heights of the tree bole. Sapwood width for this species was found to be independent of age, diameter, sapwood radial growth rate, and whole-xylem radial growth rate. Sapwood consisted of 25 to 50 growth rings and decreased from the ground level upward to the tree crown. The number of sapwood growth rings was strongly correlated with age, diameter, and radial growth rates for both sapwood and the whole tree. No significant correlation existed between sapwood width and sapwood growth-ring counts.

scholarly journals Investment Opportunity in Online Survey Industry under COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Yinuo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
The World ◽  
Profit Growth

The COVID-19 outbreak left the world an island shrouded in repression, causing great losses to the world economy and blowing numerous investors in the financial market. However, at the same time, emerging online industries also bring them new investment opportunities. This article would analyze the operation condition and forecast the growth potential of three enterprises, Zoom Video Inc., Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd, and 51Talk, which specialize in Online Entertainment, Online Education, and Office Online. Through analyzing operating profit growth rate and net profit growth rate of Zoom Video Inc., classifying Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd in terms of ROIC and increase rate of main business revenue, and predicting stock returns of 51 talk using Baidu Index, short-term and long-term investment strategies can be provided. With the above evidence, it is proposed that Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd is worthy to invest in the short run, while Zoom Video Inc. and 51Talk have larger profitability in the long term. Besides, the future of those online industries is predicted.

scholarly journals Investment Opportunity in Online Survey Industry under COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinuo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
The World ◽  
Profit Growth

The COVID-19 outbreak left the world an island shrouded in repression, causing great losses to the world economy and blowing numerous investors in the financial market. However, at the same time, emerging online industries also bring them new investment opportunities. This article would analyze the operation condition and forecast the growth potential of three enterprises, Zoom Video Inc., Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd, and 51Talk, which specialize in Online Entertainment, Online Education, and Office Online. Through analyzing operating profit growth rate and net profit growth rate of Zoom Video Inc., classifying Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd in terms of ROIC and increase rate of main business revenue, and predicting stock returns of 51 talk using Baidu Index, short-term and long-term investment strategies can be provided. With the above evidence, it is proposed that Shanghai Yaoji Technology Co., Ltd is worthy to invest in the short run, while Zoom Video Inc. and 51Talk have larger profitability in the long term. Besides, the future of those online industries is predicted.

Radiocarbon dating of Chinese Ancient Tea Trees

Radiocarbon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1741-1748
Author(s):  
Jia Chen ◽  
Hongtao Shen ◽  
Kimikazu Sasa ◽  
Haihui Lan ◽  
Tetsuya Matsunaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Annual Rings ◽  
The World ◽  
Automated Sample Preparation ◽  
The University

ABSTRACTThe jungles of Linyun and Longlin Autonomous Prefecture, located in the heart of the southwestern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, are home to the oldest tea trees (Camellia sinensis) in the world. In the absence of regular annual rings, radiocarbon (14C) dating is one of the most powerful tools that can assist in the determination of the ages and growth rates of these plants. In this work, cores were extracted from large ancient tea trees in a central Longlin rain forest; extraction of carbon was performed with an automated sample preparation system. The 14C levels in the tree cores were measured using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) at the University of Tsukuba. These measurements indicated that contrary to conventional views, the ages of trees in these forests range up to ~700 years, and the growth rate of this species is notably slow, exhibiting a long-term radial growth rate of 0.039±0.006 cm/yr. It was demonstrated that 14C analyses provide accurate determination of ages and growth rates for subtropical wild tea trees.

Bootstrap confidence intervals for red spruce ring-width chronologies and an assessment of age-related bias in recent growth trends

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1326-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Red Spruce ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Bootstrap Confidence Intervals ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Growth Increase ◽  
Recent Trends

Bootstrap confidence intervals are developed for mean ring-width chronologies of red spruce (Picearubens Sarg.). These confidence intervals are robust, easy to compute, and useful for determining the "significance of recent trends in radial growth that may be related to forest decline. By comparing the mean chronologies of different age-classes of red spruce trees in two different collections, it is shown that a serious age-related bias may result if the series are blindly averaged without considering the differences in growth rate related to tree age and stand dynamics. However, even when age differences are taken into account, there is evidence for a common increase in radial growth rate of red spruce in the 1950s followed by rapid and sustained decrease after 1960. The cause of this widespread growth increase and decrease has not yet been established, and some current hypotheses are discussed.

Sapwood–heartwood proportion related to tree diameter, age, and growth rate in Piceaabies

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1022-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Sellin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Competition For Light ◽  
Transverse Area

The relationships of sapwood radial width and transverse area to tree diameter, age, and growth rate were investigated in Piceaabies (L.) Karst. A total of 125 trees growing with (suppressed trees) and without (dominant trees) competition for light were sampled. Both sapwood and heartwood amounts showed an increase with diameter at the stem base, with the heartwood portion increasing more rapidly. In young trees sapwood prevails both in terms of diameter and transverse area. After trees have reached a certain age, the width of the sapwood band remains more or less constant (on average 7.8 cm for dominant and 2.0 cm for suppressed trees), and the heartwood amount exceeds that of sapwood. The percentage of heartwood in suppressed trees is substantially greater than in dominant trees of the same age. Sapwood amount is closely correlated with the tree diameter, but not with age. Tree age controls the number of rings in sapwood, while the sapwood width depends on the tree's radial growth rate as well.

scholarly journals What Drives Growth: Analyzing Quantitative Factors and their Variation across Sectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Sweeney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Corporate Investment ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Market Valuation ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Value Investing

Value investing is often considered the antithesis of growth investing. However, core to any value investing strategy is an intrinsic valuation, typically calculated using a DCF analysis. One of the most sensitive DCF assumptions is the estimation of a company’s long-term cash flow growth rate. Thus, understanding a company’s growth potential is a vital component in any value thesis. This paper attempts to create a quantitative model to help predict a company’s long-term cash flow growth rate (using EBITDA growth as a proxy for cash flow growth) and to find the strongest indicators for a company’s growth potential by sector. To do so, this study analyzes variables pertaining to operating efficiency, risk metrics, market valuation, corporate investment levels, and the competitive landscape for S&P 500 constituent companies. While all categories contributed at least one statistically significant variable, the market valuation and corporate investment level categories had the highest volume of significant variables. The results show that widely used quantitative metrics can help predict a meaningful portion of a company’s five-year EBITDA growth rate when analyzed on a sector-by-sector basis. Furthermore, both the types of variables and predictive strength of the model varies widely across sectors. In practice, analysts should prioritize different ratios, metrics, and quantitative variables based on the target company’s sector when estimating the trajectory of a company’s long-term growth rate.

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