Effects of dewinging, soaking, stratification, and growth regulators on germination of green ash seed

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 931-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Tinus
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Fresh Seed ◽  
Giberellic Acid

Dewinging stored seed of green ash (Fraxinuspennsylvanica Marsh.) increased speed of and total germination. Fresh seed germinated best with a 4-day warm-water soak followed by 30-day stratification at 3 °C. Best procedures for stored seed were a 4-day soak in 100 ppm giberellic acid or a 2-day soak in 1 – 10 ppm 6-benzyladenine, followed by 30-day stratification at 3 °C.

Variations in kinetin-like activity in buds of Betula and Populus during release from dormancy

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romuald Domanski ◽  
Theodore T. Kozlowski
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Bud Dormancy ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Betula Papyrifera ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Endogenous Cytokinins ◽  
Chlorophyll Retention ◽  
Test Plants

Levels of kinetin-like activity in dormant buds and buds at various stages of release from dormancy were determined by an assay involving retardation by kinetin-like substances of chlorophyll degradation in tissue of senescing leaves of Raphanus test plants. Dormancy of buds of Betula papyrifera and Populus balsamifera cuttings was broken by exposure to 2-chloroethanol vapor or immersion in warm water. Water extracts of buds at various stages of dormancy were separated by ascending chromatography and active Rf values identified. The amount of kinetin-like activity at various stages of bud dormancy was then determined by observing effects of active Rf values of bud extracts on senescence (chlorophyll retention) of Raphanus plants. Kinetin-like activity was absent in dormant buds of both species and was present in various amounts after dormancy was broken. In Betula, such activity was found primarily at Rf values of 0.3 to 0.5, and secondarily at 1.0. In Populus, kinetin-like activity was found at Rf values 0.5 to 0.6 and 0.9 to 1.0. Kinetin-like activity was greater in non-dormant buds of Populus than in those of Betula. However, the trend of variation in activity with time after breaking of dormancy was similar in both species. After bud dormancy was broken, kinetin-like activity in both species increased progressively until shortly before buds opened, and it decreased thereafter. Evidence is cited that release of buds from dormancy involves a change in the balance of growth regulators, with various growth promoters increasing to overcome the effects of inhibitors. Endogenous cytokinins appear to be involved, together with other growth promoters, in regulating release of buds from dormancy.

scholarly journals 300 Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) Yield

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 443C-443
Author(s):  
J. Pablo Morales-Payan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Amine Hydrochloride ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Giberellic Acid

Field studies were conducted in the Dominican Republic to determine the effect of several plant growth regulators on the yield of `Jira' eggplant. Treatments consisted of aqueous solutions of folcysteine (25, 50, 75 ppm), giberellic acid 3 (10, 20, 30 ppm), kinetine (25, 50, 75 ppm), naphthalenacetic acid (NAA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), 2,3,4-dichloro-phenoxy-triethyl-amine hydrochloride (DCPTA) (25, 50, 75 ppm), triacontanol (5, 10, 15 ppm), ethanol (5, 10, 15%), and chlormequat (50, 100, 150 ppm) sprayed at early flowering, directed to the crop upper leaves and flowers. A control treatment (no plant growth regulators applied) was also included. A randomized complete-block design with four replications was utilized. Experimental units were two rows of 10 plants at a 1.0 × 0.4-m distancing. Eggplant fruit set and yield were determined after 10 harvests performed at 3-day intervals. Analysis of variance and mean comparison tests were performed on the resulting data. `Jira' eggplant fruit set and yield was significantly improved by folcysteine, giberellic acid 3, and NAA, but not by kinetine, DCPTA, ethanol, triacontanol, or chlormequat. Eggplant yield increased as folcysteine rate increased from 0 to 50 ppm, but no further yield increase was obtained when increasing the rate from 50 to 75 ppm. Similarly, eggplant yield significantly increased as gibberellic acid increased from 0 to 20 ppm, but not when rates increased from 20 to 30 ppm. With NAA, eggplant fruit set and yield significantly increased above that of control plants when 25 ppm was applied, with no significant yield increase at higher rates. Results indicate that the yield of `Jira' eggplants could be enhanced by the treatments with either folcysteine, NAA, or gibberellic acid hereby described.

Germination of cut seeds and seedling growth of ash (Fraxinus spp.) in vitro

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Preece ◽  
Sharon A. Bates ◽  
J.W. Van Sambeek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Epicotyl Elongation ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Mature Seeds

Nonstratified seeds of different genotypes of Fraxinusamericana L. (white ash), Fraxinuspennsylvanica Marsh, (green ash), and Fraxinusangustifolia Vahl. ssp. oxycarpa (narrowleaf ash, of Afghanistan origin) were surface disinfested, cut, and germinated in vitro on agar-solidified MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing sucrose and various plant growth regulators. Before placing in vitro, approximately one-third of the seed opposite the radicular end was excised and discarded, or the apical and basal 1 mm tips of the seed were aseptically excised. Within 1 week, viable seeds germinated. Cotyledons emerged, elongated, expanded, and turned green. After 2 weeks hypocotyls and radicles elongated. White and green ash genotypes germinated at different rates; generally >80% of seeds placed in vitro germinated. Genotype and the presence of thidiazuron in the medium had an effect on seedling development (hypocotyl and epicotyl elongation). Immature as well as nonstratified mature seeds germinated and grew. Epicotyls were excised, rooted, and established in the greenhouse.

Influence of plant growth regulators on yield and yield components in pigeonpea

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sumathi ◽  
V. Babu Rajendra Prasad ◽  
Mallika Vanangamudi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Giberellic Acid

Pigeonpea is an important pulse crop and one of the major sources of protein in India. In the present study, investigations were undertaken to study the role of foliar spray of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) in altering morphology and enhancing the yield potential of pigeonpea varieties VBN 1, APK 1 and VRG 62. Among different plant growth regulators (PGRs) studied, foliar application of Giberellic acid (GA3) significantly increased plant height, number of leaves and branches in pigeonpea. This was followed by Brassinosteroid (BR). Foliar application of PGRs significantly increased both the growth attributes and yield. Various yield components viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, number of flowers per plant, number of pods per plant, number of clusters per plant, number of seeds per pod, hundred seed weight and harvest index were enhanced by PGR application. Maximum dry matter accumulation and fertility co-efficient was recorded in the treatment (T9), i.e., BR application @ 0.1 ppm than the other treatments. It is concluded that foliar application of BR @ 0.1ppm is advantageous in enhancing both growth and yield of Pigeonpea and thus BR foliar spray can be recommended for adoption by the farmers, to maximize the yield in Pigeonpea.

Warm Water Infusion Colonoscopy: Review and Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Rabenstein ◽  
F Radaelli ◽  
O Zolk
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Water Infusion

Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
K. Choudhary ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
M. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pasture Legume

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l  of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l  of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture  legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)

Predicting cold-water bleaching in corals: role of temperature, and potential integration of light exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
PC González-Espinosa ◽  
SD Donner
Keyword(s):  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Cold Temperature ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Coral Tissue ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Type I

Warm-water growth and survival of corals are constrained by a set of environmental conditions such as temperature, light, nutrient levels and salinity. Water temperatures of 1 to 2°C above the usual summer maximum can trigger a phenomenon known as coral bleaching, whereby disruption of the symbiosis between coral and dinoflagellate micro-algae, living within the coral tissue, reveals the white skeleton of coral. Anomalously cold water can also lead to coral bleaching but has been the subject of limited research. Although cold-water bleaching events are less common, they can produce similar impacts on coral reefs as warm-water events. In this study, we explored the effect of temperature and light on the likelihood of cold-water coral bleaching from 1998-2017 using available bleaching observations from the Eastern Tropical Pacific and the Florida Keys. Using satellite-derived sea surface temperature, photosynthetically available radiation and light attenuation data, cold temperature and light exposure metrics were developed and then tested against the bleaching observations using logistic regression. The results show that cold-water bleaching can be best predicted with an accumulated cold-temperature metric, i.e. ‘degree cooling weeks’, analogous to the heat stress metric ‘degree heating weeks’, with high accuracy (90%) and fewer Type I and Type II errors in comparison with other models. Although light, when also considered, improved prediction accuracy, we found that the most reliable framework for cold-water bleaching prediction may be based solely on cold-temperature exposure.

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