Adventitious rooting of eight conifers into a volcanic tephra deposit

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B. Zobel ◽  
Joseph A. Antos
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Tephra Deposit ◽  
Volcanic Tephra ◽  
Mount St Helens

During the second growing season after the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, AbiesamabilisDougl. ex Forbes, A. procera Rehd., and Pinusmonticola Dougl. ex D. Don produced adventitious roots into tephra, the first known instance of rooting by these species. Abieslasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., Chamaecyparisnootkatensis (D. Don) Spach, Thujaplicata Donn. ex D. Don, Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg., and T. mertensiana (Bong.) Carr. also adventitiously rooted; Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco did not.

Temporal variations in the rooting ability of cuttings of Populusbalsamifera and Salixplanifolia from natural clones–populations of subarctic Quebec

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2603-2608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles Houle ◽  
Patrice Babeux
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Rooting Ability ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Site Restoration ◽  
Great Root

Temporal variations in the rooting ability of cuttings from five clones of Populusbalsamifera L. and five populations of Salixplanifolia Pursh from the Great Whale River valley in subarctic Quebec were determined. Cuttings were sampled monthly from May through October and rooted in a greenhouse. Root number and length of the longest root per cutting were determined 35 days after planting. There were significant variations among the six sampling dates in the rooting potential of cuttings of both species. A higher percentage of cuttings formed adventitious roots in May and June before or shortly after bud break than later, during the growing season; root number and length followed a similar trend. There was an increase in the rooting ability of cuttings of both species towards the fall period. Salixplanifolia produced more roots per cutting than P. balsamifera early in the season (i.e., May and June), but later in the season the differences between the two species were not great; root length showed no such trend. Differences among clones–populations in the rooting potential of cuttings were large for both species. Coefficients of variation for root number were lower in spring than later, during the growing season, for both P. balsamifera and S. planifolia. Seasonal trends in coefficients of variation for root length were not as evident as for root number. These results have significant implications for site restoration in the Subarctic. To optimize the rooting ability of cuttings and minimize the differences among clones–populations in rooting potential, cuttings should be sampled early in the season before bud break or shortly thereafter.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide is involved in the brassinolide-induced adventitious root development in cucumber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yutong ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Weibiao Liao ◽  
Linli Hu ◽  
Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relative Expression Level ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Background: Brassinolide (BR), as a new type of plant hormones, is involved in the processes of plant growth and stress response. Previous studies have reported the roles of BR in regulating plant developmental processes and also response tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The main purpose of our study was to explore whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the process of BR-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). Results: Exogenous application of 1 μM BR significantly promoted adventitious rooting, while high concentrations of BR (2-8 μM) effectively inhibited adventitious rooting. NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acerylpenicillamine, SNAP) promoted the occurrence of adventitious roots. Simultaneously, BR and SNAP applied together significantly promoted adventitious rooting and the combined effect was superior to the application of BR or SNAP alone. Moreover, NO scavenger (c-PTIO) and inhibitors (L-NAME and Tungstate) inhibited the positive effects of BR on adventitious rooting. BR at 1 μM also increased endogenous NO content, NO synthase (NOS-like) and Nitrate reductase (NR) activities, while BRz (a specific BR biosynthesis inhibitor) decreased these effects. In addition, the relative expression level of NR was up-regulated by BR and SNAP, whereas BRz down-regulated it. The application of NO inhibitor (Tungstate) in BR also inhibited the up-regulation of NR . Conclusion: BR promoted the formation of adventitious roots by inducing the production of endogenous NO in cucumber.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide is involved in the brassinolide-induced adventitious root development in cucumber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yutong ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Weibiao Liao ◽  
Linli Hu ◽  
Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relative Expression Level ◽  
New Type ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Background: Brassinolide (BR), as a new type of plant hormones, is involved in the processes of plant growth and stress response. Previous studies have reported the roles of BR in regulating plant developmental processes and also response tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The main purpose of our study was to explore whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the process of BR-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Results: Exogenous application of 1 μM BR significantly promoted adventitious rooting, while high concentrations of BR (2-8 μM) effectively inhibited adventitious rooting. NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acerylpenicillamine, SNAP) promoted the occurrence of adventitious roots. Simultaneously, BR and SNAP applied together significantly promoted adventitious rooting and the combined effect was superior to the application of BR or SNAP alone. Moreover, NO scavenger (c-PTIO) and inhibitors (L-NAME and Tungstate) inhibited the positive effects of BR on adventitious rooting. BR at 1 μM also increased endogenous NO content, NO synthase (NOS-like) and Nitrate reductase (NR) activities, while BRz (a specific BR biosynthesis inhibitor) decreased these effects. In addition, the relative expression level of NR was up-regulated by BR and SNAP, whereas BRz down-regulated it. The application of NO inhibitor (Tungstate) in BR also inhibited the up-regulation of NR. Conclusion: BR promoted the formation of adventitious roots by inducing the production of endogenous NO in cucumber.

scholarly journals Adventitious rooting in response to long-term cold: a possible mechanism of clonal growth in alpine perennials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Mishra ◽  
Alice Vayssieres ◽  
Adrian Roggen ◽  
Karin Ljung ◽  
Maria Albani
Keyword(s):  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Alpine Plants ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
The Arctic

Arctic alpine species experience extended periods of cold and unpredictable conditions during flowering. Thus, often, alpine plants use both sexual and asexual means of reproduction to maximise fitness and ensure reproductive success. We used the arctic alpine perennial Arabis alpina to explore the role of prolonged cold exposure on adventitious rooting. We exposed plants to 4°C for different durations and scored the presence of adventitious roots on the main stem and axillary branches. Our physiological studies demonstrated that the presence of adventitious roots positively correlates with increased duration of exposure to cold treatment, with 21 weeks at 4 °C saturating the effect of cold on adventitious rooting. On the main stem adventitious roots developed in specific internodes. Transcriptomic and histological studies indicated that adventitious roots in A. alpina stems are initiated during cold exposure and emerge after plants experience growth promoting conditions. The emergence of the adventitious root primordia correlates with an increase in auxin response and free endogenous auxin in the stems. Our results highlight the role of low temperature during clonal growth in alpine plants and provide insights on the molecular mechanisms involved at different stages of adventitious rooting.

Relationship between spring vigor and the presence of adventitious roots in established stands of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Montpetit ◽  
B. E. Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Foliage Weight

Two experiments were undertaken to investigate the relationship between the presence of adventitious roots growing from the crown of red clover plants and the spring vigor of those plants. Experiment 1 was conducted in the springs of 1988 and 1989 in commercial stands of red clover-timothy mixtures entering their third year. Two hundred and thirty-seven plants were visually rated for spring vigor and degree of adventitious rooting using an ordinal scale. Experiment 2 was carried out on a research plot entering its fourth year and consisting of mixtures of red clover and timothy. Visual scores, taproot and adventitious root volumes and foliage weight were recorded. In all experiments significant differences (P < 0.01) in average spring vigor score were found among the five root classes. Correlation coefficients between spring vigor and adventitious root scores were 0.49, 0.65 and 0.58 for exp. 1 (springs of 1988 and 1989) and exp. 2, respectively. Adventitious root volume made up 86% of total root volume in exp. 2. Significant positive linear relationships were found between foliage weight and adventitious root and taproot volumes. It was concluded that profuse production of adventitious roots imparts better spring vigor to red clover. Key words: Taproot, adventitious root, red clover

scholarly journals Adventitious Rooting of Stem Cuttings of Yellow-flowered Magnolia Cultivars is Influenced by Time after Budbreak and Indole-3-butyric Acid

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsna Sharma ◽  
Gary W. Knox ◽  
Maria Lucia Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Stem Cuttings ◽  
Hot Flash ◽  
Collection Date

Certain cultivars of magnolia are desirable in landscapes for their uncommon yellow flowers. While cultivars derived from Magnolia acuminata L. (cucumbertree magnolia) are difficult to propagate by stem cuttings, some with mixed parentage appear easier to propagate in this manner. We propagated six yellow-flowered cultivars vegetatively by applying 0, 8, 16, or 30 g·kg–1 (0, 8,000, 16,000, or 30,000 ppm) indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in talc to bases of terminal stem cuttings collected 5, 7, 9, or 11 weeks after budbreak. Mean rooting percentage over all cultivars increased from 12% (in the absence of IBA) to 34% (after application of 30 g·kg–1 IBA). Rooting percentage and basal stem diameter of a cutting did not seem related. For each collection date, more cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' developed roots than the other cultivars. More roots (mean = 5) developed on cuttings of `Yellow Lantern' collected 5 weeks after budbreak or when treated with 30 g·kg–1 IBA than the other cultivars. `Butterflies' largely remained unresponsive, whereas rooting of `Golden Sun,' `Hot Flash,' and `Maxine Merrill' collected 5 weeks after budbreak was 31%, 22%, and 28%, respectively. When data were analyzed separately for selected cultivars, 63% rooting was observed among cuttings of `Ivory Chalice' collected 7 weeks after budbreak. Rooting percentage was higher (22%) among cuttings of `Hot Flash' collected 5 or 7 weeks after budbreak in comparison to later collection dates, but harvest date did not influence rooting of `Yellow Lantern,' which ranged from 44% to 59%. Collection of stem cuttings early in the growing season (5 weeks after budbreak) was beneficial (31% rooting) for inducing rooting among cuttings of `Golden Sun.' We conclude that `Ivory Chalice' and `Yellow Lantern' are promising choices for growers interested in clonal propagation of yellow-flowered cultivars of magnolia. To maximize rooting among these cultivars, terminal cuttings should be collected within 5 to 11 weeks after budbreak and treated with 16 or 30 g·kg–1 IBA in talc. Early collection dates (5 to 7 weeks after budbreak) improved rooting among cuttings of other cultivars but these, particularly `Butterflies,' remain variably recalcitrant and merit further study.

Adventitious rooting of four Salicaceae species in response to a flooding event

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2597-2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne E. Krasny ◽  
John C. Zasada ◽  
Kristiina A. Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Balsam Poplar ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Flooding Event ◽  
The Mean

The ability to form adventitious roots in response to a flooding event was examined in three floodplain species, sandbar willow (Salix interior Rowlee), feltleaf willow (Salix alaxensis (Anderss.) Cov.), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.), and one upland species, trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), in interior Alaska. The mean number of adventitious roots formed per seedling was 7, 5, 2, and 0 for sandbar willow, feltleaf willow, balsam poplar, and trembling aspen, respectively. The ability to form adventitious roots was related to the distribution of the species on the floodplain.

Genetic variation for adventitious rooting in response to low phosphorus availability: potential utility for phosphorusacquisition from stratified soils

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carter R. Miller ◽  
Ivan Ochoa ◽  
Kai L. Nielsen ◽  
Douglas Beck ◽  
Jonathan P. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Phosphorus Availability ◽  
Root Density ◽  
Phosphorus Stress ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Basal Roots ◽  
Root Types

We hypothesized that adventitious roots may improve crop adaptation to low-phosphorus soils by enhancing topsoil foraging. In a tropical field study, phosphorus stress stimulated adventitious rooting in two phosphorus-efficient genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) but not in two phosphorus-inefficient genotypes. Although phosphorus availability had no consistent effects on the length or biomass of whole root systems, it had differential effects on adventitious, basal, and taproots within root systems in a genotype-dependent manner, resulting in increased allocation to adventitious roots in efficient genotypes. Adventitious roots had greater length per unit biomass than other root types, especially under phosphorus stress. Adventitious roots had less construction cost than basal roots, despite having similar tissue nitrogen content. Phosphorus stress reduced lateral root density, and adventitious roots had less lateral root density than basal roots. Lateral roots formed further from the root tip in adventitious roots compared with basal roots, especially under phosphorus stress. Field results were confirmed in controlled environments in solid and liquid media. Stimulation of adventitious rooting by phosphorus stress tended to be greater in wild genotypes than in cultivated genotypes. We propose that adventitious rooting is a useful adaptation to low phosphorus availability, because adventitious roots explore topsoil horizons more efficiently than other root types.

scholarly journals Changes in Cutting Composition during Early Stages of Adventitious Rooting of Miniature Rose Altered by Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Scagel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Many changes in metabolism are known to occur during adventitious root formation, including changes in amino acids, proteins, and carbohydrates. The influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on adventitious rooting of rose was tested by inoculating four cultivars with Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith. Changes in cutting composition were measured during the initial stages of adventitious root formation. Although there were cultivar-specific differences in response, AMF inoculation generally increased the biomass and number of adventitious roots on cuttings before root colonization was detected. Application of rooting hormone increased this effect. Inoculation with AMF washings also increased the root biomass and number, but only when cuttings were treated with hormone. Changes in cutting composition in response to AMF were detected at 7 to 14 days. Differences in protein concentrations in response to AMF or hormone application were similar, while differences in amino acid and reducing sugar concentrations were not. Concentrations of proteins and amino acids in cuttings at the beginning of the experiment were positively correlated with adventitious rooting, while concentrations of reducing sugars and nonreducing sugars were not correlated with rooting. These results suggests that nitrogen-containing compounds play an important role in adventitious rooting, and that changes in amino acids associated with AMF inoculation were potentially different than those that occurred when cuttings were treated with rooting hormone alone. Carbohydrate concentrations in cuttings were not strongly related to initiation of adventitious roots, but reducing sugar may play a role in regulating part of the response of cuttings to AMF. The response of rose cuttings prior to colonization by G. intraradices suggests that AMF-plant signaling events occurred prior to rooting.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide is involved in the brassinolide-induced adventitious root development in cucumber

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yutong ◽  
Yue Wu ◽  
Weibiao Liao ◽  
Linli Hu ◽  
Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Adventitious Root Formation ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relative Expression Level ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Background: Brassinolide (BR), as a new type of plant hormones, is involved in the processes of plant growth and stress response. Previous studies have reported the roles of BR in regulating plant developmental processes and also response tolerance to abiotic stresses in plants. The main purpose of our study was to explore whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the process of BR-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). Results: Exogenous application of 1 μM BR significantly promoted adventitious rooting, while high concentrations of BR (2-8 μM) effectively inhibited adventitious rooting. NO donor (S-nitroso-N-acerylpenicillamine, SNAP) promoted the occurrence of adventitious roots. Simultaneously, BR and SNAP applied together significantly promoted adventitious rooting and the combined effect was superior to the application of BR or SNAP alone. Moreover, NO scavenger (c-PTIO) and inhibitors (L-NAME and Tungstate) inhibited the positive effects of BR on adventitious rooting. BR at 1 μM also increased endogenous NO content, NO synthase (NOS-like) and Nitrate reductase (NR) activities, while BRz (a specific BR biosynthesis inhibitor) decreased these effects. In addition, the relative expression level of NR was up-regulated by BR and SNAP, whereas BRz down-regulated it. The application of NO inhibitor (Tungstate) in BR also inhibited the up-regulation of NR . Conclusion: BR promoted the formation of adventitious roots by inducing the production of endogenous NO in cucumber.

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