Effects of Thinning and Fertilization on Foliar Nutrient Concentrations of Sugar Maple

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Stone ◽  
D. R. Christenson
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Foliar Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Dilution Effects

Effects of thinning and fertilization on growth and foliar nutrients were studied in pole-size sugar maple (Acersaccharum Marsh.). Thinning plus fertilization resulted in significantly lower concentrations of foliar N, P, K, Mg, Cu, Zn, B, and Al in the first growing season, and of Mg, Cu, Zn, and Al in the 2nd year. Foliar nutrients in released, but nonfertilized, trees exhibited similar trends. The decreased foliar nutrient concentrations are attributed to dilution effects as a result of increased growth.Fertilization with N, P, and K significantly increased foliar concentrations of those nutrients but did not stimulate radial growth. Thinning resulted in highly significant increase in diameter growth both years.

Growth and foliar nutrient concentrations of Pacific silver fir

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1429-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Radwan ◽  
M. D. Murray ◽  
J. M. Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Natural Stands

Nineteen natural stands of Pacific silver fir (Abiesamabilis (Dougl.) Forbes) were assessed for selected site and tree characteristics. The stands, located throughout western Washington, were 26 to 37 years old; they occurred at various elevations (110–1300 m) and on different soil types, and varied greatly in associated plant species. Site index at 50 years breast-high age ranged from 12 to 24 m. Terminal growth per year during the previous 3 years, needle number per centimetre of twig tissue, needle weight and area, and foliar concentrations of 13 elements varied among the 19 stands. Compared with associated western conifers, silver fir had moderate terminal growth, larger and heavier needles, more needles per centimetre of twig tissue, and lower foliar concentrations of N, S, and Mg. There were many significant correlations among the different variables. The foliar nutrient data obtained provide base-line information for future research in nutrition and fertilization of silver fir. These data and the significant correlations between nutrients and site-stand characteristics suggest that (i) silver fir may be more efficient than some western conifers in use of some nutrients, (ii) productivity of silver fir may be improved by application of certain fertilizers; fertilization may be particularly effective during the seedling stage when growth is typically slow, and (iii) levels of some foliar nutrients may be useful as indicators of site quality for silver fir production.

Nutrient status and growth of black spruce layers and planted seedlings in response to nutrient addition in the boreal forest of Quebec

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raynald Paquin ◽  
Hank A Margolis ◽  
René Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Nutrient Addition ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations

The effect of nutrient addition (fertilization with N, P, and K at a rate of 448, 224, and 224 kg ·ha-1, respectively) on height growth, root biomass, leaf area, and foliar nutrient concentrations of slow-growing layers and newly planted seedlings of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) was evaluated on an apparently productive mesic site in Quebec. Annual height growth increment of fertilized layers was greater than 20 cm ·year-1compared with 3-4 cm ·year-1for the other three treatments. Fine root biomass (< 2 mm in diameter) and leaf area growth were significantly higher for fertilized layers and seedlings compared with their respective controls. For both current and 1-year-old needles, foliar N concentration on a unit leaf area basis increased significantly for both layers and seedlings, and vector analysis showed that, in all cases, N was the most limiting nutrient. Five growing seasons after treatment, the only residual effect of fertilization on foliar nutrient concentrations was higher foliar N in fertilized seedlings. Thus, it appears that the slow growth of the unfertilized layers on this site was due to resource limitation rather than to the type of regeneration as such.

scholarly journals Effects of Phosphorus on Morphology and Foliar Nutrient Concentrations of Hydroponically Grown Scaevola aemula R. Br. ‘Whirlwind Blue’

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 902-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie E. Burnett ◽  
Donglin Zhang ◽  
Lois B. Stack ◽  
Zhongqi He
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Nutrient Analysis ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

In commercial greenhouses, fan flower ‘Whirlwind Blue’ (Scaevola aemula R. Br.) plants are sensitive to phosphorus applications in the range typically applied to other floricultural crops. To quantify this response, fan flower plants were grown in Hoagland solutions containing 0, 20, 40, 60, or 80 mg·L−1 P. Plants fertilized with either the highest (80 mg·L−1) or lowest (0 mg·L−1) P concentrations had significantly shorter stems and smaller shoot dry weights and leaf areas than plants fertilized with 20 to 60 mg·L−1 P. Low or high P concentrations negatively impacted flower number; fan flower fertilized with 0, 60, or 80 mg·L−1 P had fewer flowering branches and flowers compared with plants fertilized with 20 to 40 mg·L−1 P. Plants receiving no P had longer roots than those receiving any P and had greater root dry weights than plants receiving all other P concentrations except 20 mg·L−1. Foliar nutrient analysis indicated that although P treatments significantly impacted foliar concentrations of at least some essential macro- and micronutrients, all essential elements were within or near recommended ranges except P. Foliar P concentrations exceeded 1 mg·g−1 in fan flower that received even the lowest concentration of supplemental P, but leaf chlorosis was only observed in plants grown in 60 to 80 mg·L−1 P. As a result of rapid accumulation of P in fan flower foliage and subsequent reductions in flower number and shoot elongation, fan flower should be fertilized with no more than 20 mg·L−1 P.

Foliar Nutrient Concentration Differences Between Provenances of Douglas Fir and Their Significance to Foliar Analysis Interpretation

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. van den Driessche
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentration ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Relationship

Foliar nutrient concentration differences between provenances, and the relationship between foliar nutrient levels and provenance growth was examined in Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from the coastal region of British Columbia.In the first experiment differences in foliar nutrient concentrations among four provenances of 3-year old plants, ranged from 8 to 18%. The relationships between these provenances differed according to whether needle, or whole plant nutrient concentrations were considered.In the second experiment 2-year old plants of three provenances, grown under four fertilizer regimes, at each of three nurseries, showed that differences in growth and foliar nutrient concentrations between provenances were affected by nursery. The degree of correlation between shoot length and foliage nutrient concentration varied according to provenance. Coefficients for the regression of shoot length on foliar N and K differed between provenances even when provenance foliar N and K levels were similar. It was suggested that the relationship between foliar nutrient concentrations and shoot length may differ between provenances.

Variation in red pine (Pinusresinosa) foliar nutrient concentrations as influenced by sampling procedure

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237
Author(s):  
Edwin H. White ◽  
Eric J. Jokela
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Glacial Outwash ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations

Paired foliar samples were collected by shooting with a shotgun versus climbing and clipping near terminal foliage from twentythree 40-year-old Pinusresinosa Ait. trees located on a glacial outwash loamy sand. Samples were analyzed for N, P, K, Ca, and Mg concentrations. Regression analyses indicated that the foliar nutrient concentrations of the "shot" samples, which came from the lower crown, would be poor predictors for the foliar nutrient concentrations of the "cut' samples. Paired t-tests indicated that the shot samples consistently and significantly resulted in lower estimates of foliar concentrations of N, P, and K than did the cut samples. Shot samples were significantly higher in Ca concentrations than cut samples. The results indicate that caution is advised in the use of sampling techniques that do not result in foliar samples being collected from proven diagnostic, standardized near-terminal crown positions.

Effects of two Ca fertilizer types on sugar maple vitality

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1985-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-David Moore ◽  
Rock Ouimet
Keyword(s):  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Lime Application ◽  
Crown Dieback ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Nutrient Antagonism

Over the last decades, continuous signs of sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) dieback in stands of northeastern North America have promoted the experimentation of corrective measures to restore sugar maple vitality. To verify the hypothesis that K–Mg antagonism may have limited the full response of sugar maple to dolomitic lime application in a previous experiment (CaMg(CO3)2, 12% Mg), two Ca fertilizers (CaCO3 and CaSO4·2H2O), having negligible Mg content, were applied at rates of 1, 2, and 4 t Ca·ha–1 on sugar maple trees adjacent to the limed area. After 3 years, most of the foliar nutrient concentrations of treated trees were improved, particularly Ca, for both Ca fertilizers, in line with published ranges for healthy sugar maple trees, except for Mg. Moreover, no persistent nutrient antagonism was observed. The crown dieback rate of treated sugar maple was ≤5.8% after 3 years, while it reached 12% for the controls. Also, relative basal area growth showed that both Ca sources can improve growth rate. Growth response following Ca treatments was, however, lower than for the former lime experiment after the same period of time. In this context, our results suggest that Mg nutrition could be more important for sugar maple in this ecosystem than initially thought.

scholarly journals Response of a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stand to application of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and lime. 3. Foliar nutrient concentrations and stand development

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-307
Author(s):  
G. Arnold ◽  
A. Van Diest
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Foliar Nutrient ◽  
Foliar Concentrations ◽  
Foliar Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Annual Volume ◽  
Individual Trees

In 1985-88, a 25-yr-old Scots pine forest in Netherlands was limed and fertilized with P, K and Mg in a factoral design. This paper addresses effects of these treatments on foliar nutrient concentrations and tree growth. Stem volume increments of individual trees were measured. Average annual volume growth was estimated to be about 16 msuperscript 3/ha, which may be a slight underestimation. P and K showed increased foliar concentrations immediately after treatment and were the only elements that significantly increased volume growth in 1988-91. Additional annual volume growth of individual trees brought about by P and K corresponded with 0.9 and 2.2 msuperscript 3/ha, respectively. Foliar Mg and Ca increased later and insignificantly reduced and increased volume growth, respectively. Lime and Mg applications tended to lower foliar N. When absolute foliar concentrations and element ratios were compared to Dutch and German standards, it appeared that application of some of these standards in present research would not always have given a fully correct prediction of growth responses to nutrient additions.

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