Domestication Strategies for Forest Trees

W. J. Libby

doi:10.1139/x73-036

Domestication Strategies for Forest Trees

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x73-036 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 265-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

W. J. Libby

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Renewable Resource ◽

Tree Breeding ◽

Forest Trees ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Southeastern Australia ◽

The Pacific ◽

Original Species ◽

Species Variability

This paper is based in large part on recent reviews of tree breeding programs in the southeastern United States, the Pacific Northwest, New Zealand, southeastern Australia, and Taiwan. Domestication, which here includes tree breeding, is discussed generally in terms of original species variability, the processes of selection and packaging, and the returns via a more useful renewable resource. Six reasons why forest geneticists and tree breeders plant trees are given, along with the different requirements for site, planting design, number of trees, and number of entry genotypes or lines for each reason. A flow chart is presented, showing the various kinds of plantations and forests established during a domestication program, and the physical movement of gene packages between such plantations and forests. The information flow within the scheme is also discussed.

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Identification of Resistance to Powdery Mildew in Publicly Available Male Hop Germplasm

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-05-18-0027-rs ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 258-264

Author(s):

David H. Gent ◽

Briana J. Claassen ◽

Megan C. Twomey ◽

Sierra N. Wolfenbarger

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Western United States ◽

R Genes ◽

Sources Of Resistance ◽

Department Of Agriculture ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

The Pacific ◽

The U.S

Powdery mildew (caused by Podosphaera macularis) is one of the most important diseases of hop in the western United States. Strains of the fungus virulent on cultivars possessing the resistance factor termed R6 and the cultivar Cascade have become widespread in the Pacific Northwestern United States, the primary hop producing region in the country, rendering most cultivars grown susceptible to the disease at some level. In an effort to identify potential sources of resistance in extant germplasm, 136 male accessions of hop contained in the U.S. Department of Agriculture collection were screened under controlled conditions. Iterative inoculations with three isolates of P. macularis with varying race identified 23 (16.9%) accessions with apparent resistance to all known races of the pathogen present in the Pacific Northwest. Of the 23 accessions, 12 were resistant when inoculated with three additional isolates obtained from Europe that possess novel virulences. The nature of resistance in these individuals is unclear but does not appear to be based on known R genes. Identification of possible novel sources of resistance to powdery mildew will be useful to hop breeding programs in the western United States and elsewhere.

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Challenges and a checklist for biodiversity conservation in fire-prone forests: Perspectives from the Pacific Northwest of USA and Southeastern Australia

Biological Conservation ◽

10.1016/j.biocon.2011.09.008 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 145 (1) ◽

pp. 5-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Thomas A. Spies ◽

David B. Lindenmayer ◽

A. Malcolm Gill ◽

Scott L. Stephens ◽

James K. Agee

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Southeastern Australia ◽

The Pacific ◽

In Fire

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Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Sustainable Bio-Oil Production Using a Mixed Supply Chain

Volume 4: 21st Design for Manufacturing and the Life Cycle Conference; 10th International Conference on Micro- and Nanosystems ◽

10.1115/detc2016-59262 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amin Mirkouei ◽

Karl R. Haapala ◽

John Sessions ◽

Ganti S. Murthy

Keyword(s):

Supply Chain ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Forest Biomass ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Renewable Resource ◽

The Pacific ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Potential Benefits

Recent growing interest in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions requires the application of effective energy solutions, such as the utilization of renewable resources. Biomass represents a promising renewable resource for bioenergy, since it has the potential to reduce GHG emissions from various industry sectors. In spite of the potential benefits, biomass is limited due to logistical challenges of collection and transport to bio-refineries. This study proposes a forest biomass-to-bio-oil mixed supply chain network to reduce the GHG emissions compared to a conventional bioenergy supply chain. The mixed supply chain includes mixed-mode bio-refineries and mixed-pathway transportation. Life cycle assessment is conducted for a case study in the Pacific Northwest with the assistance of available life cycle inventory data for biomass-to-bio-oil supply chain. Impact assessment, on a global warming potential (GWP) basis, is conducted with the assistance of databases within SimaPro 8 software. Sensitivity analysis for the case investigated indicates that using the mixed supply chain can reduce GHG emissions by 2–5% compared to the traditional supply chain.

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Seasonal History of the Balsam Woolly Aphid in the Pacific Northwest

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent93794-9 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 93 (9) ◽

pp. 794-798 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Russel G. Mitchell ◽

Norman E. Johnson ◽

Julius A. Rudinsky

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Fourth Generation ◽

Maritime Provinces ◽

The Pacific ◽

Woolly Aphid ◽

Two Generations ◽

Variable Feature ◽

History Of ◽

Seasonal History

The balsam woolly aphid, Chermes (Adelges) piceae Ratz., is widely distributed in Europe and North America. It infests many species of Abies (true firs) and may be found attacking its hosts at elevations from near sea level to timberline (5,000 to 6,000 feet). Because of the great range of environments inhabited by the balsam woolly aphid, its biology differs considerably from one region to another. Perhaps the most variable feature in its biology is seasonal history. Karafiat and Franz (1956) reported three generations per year in central Europe, whereas Varty (1956) noted two and sometimes a partial third generation in Scotland. Balch (1952) found only two generations in the Maritime Provinces of Canada, but Amman noted three and sometimes a partial fourth generation in southeastern United States.

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