Invasion of tallow tree into southern US forests: influencing factors and implications for mitigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1346-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianbang Gan ◽  
James H. Miller ◽  
Hsiaohsuan Wang ◽  
John W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Triadica Sebifera ◽  
Climate Trend ◽  
Southern Us ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Tallow Tree ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature

We identify species–environment relationships to predict the occurrence of Chinese tallow ( Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) on forestlands in the southern US, where it has emerged as the most pervading, stand-replacing, alien tree species. Tallow invasions are more likely to be observed on low and flat lands, areas adjacent to water and roadways, sites recently harvested or disturbed, younger stands, and private forestlands. The winter extreme minimum temperature tends to restrain tallow northward migration. Increases in both range and severity of tallow invasions are predicted with a warming climate trend, and the situation could be worse if the warming is coupled with an increased frequency and intensity of disturbances. Monitoring and mitigation strategies are proposed to assist this region and other countries threatened by tallow invasions.

Leaf litter of invasive Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) negatively affects hatching success of an aquatic breeding anuran, the Southern Leopard Frog (Lithobates sphenocephalus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 991-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.K. Adams ◽  
D. Saenz
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Leopard Frog ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Triadica Sebifera ◽  
Chinese Tallow ◽  
Invasive Tree ◽  
Invasive Tree Species

Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera (L.) Small) is an aggressive invasive tree species that can be abundant in parts of its non-native range. This tree species has the capability of producing monocultures, by outcompeting native trees, which can be in or near wetlands that are utilized by breeding amphibians. Existing research suggests that leaf litter from invasive Chinese tallow reduces survival in larval anurans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Chinese tallow leaf litter on anuran eggs. We exposed eggs of the Southern Leopard Frog ( Lithobates sphenocephalus (Cope, 1886)) at various stages of development to different concentrations of Chinese tallow leaf litter to determine survival. Eggs in the earliest stages of development that we exposed to tallow leaf litter died, regardless of concentration; however, some more-developed eggs exposed to tallow leaf litter did hatch. We determined that the greater the concentration of tallow leaf litter, the lower the dissolved oxygen and pH levels we observed. We suggest that changes in these water-quality parameters are the cause of the observed mortality of anuran eggs in our experiments. Eggs exposed to water containing tallow leaf litter with dissolved oxygen <1.59 mg/L and a pH <5.29 did not survive to hatching.

scholarly journals Temperature Change and Its Elevation Dependency in the Source Region of the Yangtze River and Yellow River

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongyi E ◽  
Hongchang Hu ◽  
Hong Xie ◽  
Yongjuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Change ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
The Yangtze River ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature ◽  
The Mean

The study of temperature change and its elevation dependency in the source region of the Yangtze River and Yellow River have been insufficient owing to the lack of adequate observation stations and long-term climatic data. In this study five temperature indices of 32 stations from 1961 to 2007 in and near the source region are used. The 32 stations all have experienced significant warming; the warming amplitudes are higher than the mean warming amplitude of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. The warming amplitudes and the numbers of stations showing significant warming trends in mean minimum temperature and extreme minimum temperature are higher than that of the mean maximum temperature and extreme maximum temperature. The elevation dependency of climatic warming and the amount of significant warming stations are not obvious; the influence of human activity and urbanization may be higher. The warming amplitudes of 26 stations above 3000 m tend to be uniform, and there is no significant law at 6 stations below 3000 m. On the contrary, the ratio of stations showing significant warming in minimum temperature above 4000 m is far less than that of the stations below 4000 m.

scholarly journals Extreme Minimum Temperature Zones of British Columbia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W McKenney ◽  
J H Pedlar ◽  
K Lawrence ◽  
P Papadopol ◽  
K Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature

scholarly journals Response of Chinese Tallow (Triadica sebifera) and Coexisting Natives to Competition, Shade, and Flooding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaniyi O Ajala ◽  
Kathryn R Kidd ◽  
Brian P Oswald ◽  
Yuhui Weng ◽  
Jeremy P Stovall
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
High Irradiance ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Triadica Sebifera ◽  
Chinese Tallow ◽  
Growth Metrics ◽  
Water Tupelo

Abstract A greenhouse experiment was designed to determine the interactive effect of light, flooding, and competition on the growth and performance of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera [L.] Roxb.) and three tree species native to the southeastern United States: water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica L.), sugarberry (Celtis occidentalis L.), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall). The experiment used a factorial design that received two treatments: light (low irradiance or high irradiance) and flood (nonflooded and flooded) regimes. In the nonflooded and high irradiance treatment, changes in the growth (ground diameter, number of leaves, and total biomass) indicated that growth metrics of tallow were highest when growing with sugarberry and water tupelo but decreased when tallow was in competition with green ash. In contrast, competition with tallow reduced the height, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate of water tupelo. The results showed that tallow had lower growth metrics when in competition with green ash at no apparent decrease in the growth of green ash except for growth rate. Our results suggest that tallow may be less competitive with certain native species and underplanting may be a possible opportunity for improving the success rates of native trees species establishment in areas prone to tallow invasion. Study Implications: Chinese tallow is a highly invasive tree species in the southeastern coastal states and in this study, we examined the growth and survival of tallow in competition with tree species native to the southeastern coastal states, USA. The growth of tallow differed greatly among native species in well-drained environments lacking forest overstory with lower growth metrics when grown with green ash but higher growth metrics when grown with water tupelo and sugarberry. Following density reduction treatments, we recommend management actions that promote the regeneration of native tree species to occupy the open vegetation canopy and suppress reestablishment of tallow.

scholarly journals Extreme Minimum Temperature Zones of parts of the Prairie provinces

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
D W McKenney ◽  
J H Pedlar ◽  
K Lawrence ◽  
P Papadopol ◽  
K Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature ◽  
Prairie Provinces

scholarly journals Identifying the Dynamic Pattern and Influencing Factors of Influenza in Northwest China from 2013 to 2020, Based on Dynamic Regression Model and Wavelet Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruonan Wang ◽  
Jiancai Du ◽  
Jiangping Li ◽  
Yajuan Zhang ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Minimum Temperature ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Dynamic Pattern ◽  
Prevention Campaign ◽  
Dynamic Regression Model

Abstract Background: Influenza remains a serious global public health problem and a substantial economic burden. The dynamic pattern of influenza differs considerably among geographic and climatological areas, however, the factors underlying these differences are still uncertain. The aim of this paper is to characterize the dynamic pattern of influenza and its potential influencing factors in Northwest China. Methods: Influenza cases in Ningxia China from Nov. 2013 to Jun. 2020 were served as influenza proxy. Firstly, the baseline seasonal ARIMA model of influenza cases and seasonal pattern were analyzed. Then, the dynamic regression model was used to identifying the potential influencing factors of influenza. In addition, the wavelet analysis was further used to explore the coherence between influenza cases and these significant influencing factors.Results: The high risk periods of influenza in Ningxia presented a winter cycle outbreaks pattern and the fastigium came in January. The seasonal ARIMA(0,0,1)(1,1,0)12 was the optimal baseline forecast model. The dynamic regression models and wavelet analysis indicated that PM2.5 and public awareness are significantly positively associated with influenza, as well as minimum temperature is negatively associated. Conclusion: Meteorological (minimum temperature), pollution (PM2.5) and social (public awareness) factors may significantly associated with influenza in Northwest China. Decreasing PM2.5 concentration or increasing the public awareness prior to the fastigium of influenza may be the serviceable methods to reduce the disease risk of influenza, which have an important implication for policy-makers to choose an optimal time for influenza prevention campaign.

scholarly journals Climate reverses directionality in the richness–abundance relationship across the World’s main forest biomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Madrigal-González ◽  
Joaquín Calatayud ◽  
Juan A. Ballesteros-Cánovas ◽  
Adrián Escudero ◽  
Luis Cayuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Forest Regions ◽  
Diversity Effects ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract More tree species can increase the carbon storage capacity of forests (here referred to as the more species hypothesis) through increased tree productivity and tree abundance resulting from complementarity, but they can also be the consequence of increased tree abundance through increased available energy (more individuals hypothesis). To test these two contrasting hypotheses, we analyse the most plausible pathways in the richness-abundance relationship and its stability along global climatic gradients. We show that positive effect of species richness on tree abundance only prevails in eight of the twenty-three forest regions considered in this study. In the other forest regions, any benefit from having more species is just as likely (9 regions) or even less likely (6 regions) than the effects of having more individuals. We demonstrate that diversity effects prevail in the most productive environments, and abundance effects become dominant towards the most limiting conditions. These findings can contribute to refining cost-effective mitigation strategies based on fostering carbon storage through increased tree diversity. Specifically, in less productive environments, mitigation measures should promote abundance of locally adapted and stress tolerant tree species instead of increasing species richness.

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