Erratum: Resistance of Pinus taeda families under artificial inoculations with diverse fusiform rust pathogen populations and comparison with field trials

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 3151-3151
Author(s):  
Fikret Isik ◽  
Henry V. Amerson ◽  
Ross W. Whetten ◽  
Saul A. Garcia ◽  
Bailian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Rust Pathogen ◽  
Artificial Inoculations ◽  
Pathogen Populations

scholarly journals Resistance of Pinus taeda families under artificial inoculations with diverse fusiform rust pathogen populations and comparison with field trials

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 2687-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret Isik ◽  
Henry V. Amerson ◽  
Ross W. Whetten ◽  
Saul A. Garcia ◽  
Bailian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Artificial Inoculations ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Resistant Family ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Pathogenic Variability ◽  
Pathogen Populations

Controlled inoculations with 10 bulk inocula of Cronartium quercuum (Berk) Miyabe ex Shirai f.sp. fusiforme were carried out on open-pollinated progeny of 25 fast-growing Pinus taeda L. parents. The parents had a range of breeding values for resistance to fusiform rust in progeny field trials. There were highly significant differences among the half-sib families in response to inoculations, and these differences were very reproducible; the half-sib family-mean heritability of resistance to controlled inoculation was 0.97. All of the families that were susceptible in the field were susceptible in controlled inoculations, and most (12 of 17) of the field-resistant families were resistant in response to controlled inoculations. Significant pathogenic variability was observed among the different bulk inocula, although this accounted for only 1.9% of the total variation. Genetic differences among families within field-resistant or field-susceptible groups accounted for 13.7% of the total variation. The family by inocula interaction was highly significant, but a single field-resistant family contributed 44% of the total family by inocula interaction variance, and two other field-resistant families also showed significant interactions.

scholarly journals Families of loblolly pine that are the most stable for resistance to fusiform rust are the least predictable

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335-1339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E McKeand ◽  
H V Amerson ◽  
B Li ◽  
T J Mullin
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pathogen Populations

In an extensive series of trials with open-pollinated families of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), resistance to fusiform rust disease (caused by Cronartium quercuum (Berk.) Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) at individual test sites was relatively unpredictable for the families deemed most resistant. The most resistant families were also the most stable for performance across test sites, with stability defined as the slope of the regression of family means for rust infection versus site means for rust infection. A family's R-50 value (its predicted rust infection level when the site mean infection is 50%) was correlated to its stability parameter or slope (r = 0.78). On average, any one family's level of infection (% galled) was reasonably predictable for any given infection level at a given site; the average coefficient of determination (r2) was 0.78 for the regression of family means for rust infection versus site means for rust infection. However, the six most stable families for resistance had the lowest r2 values (average r2 = 0.58). We speculated that the lower predictability for the most resistant families was due to interactions of specific resistance genes in these families and corresponding avirulence and (or) virulence levels in the pathogen populations that may differ among sites. Although the predictability of the individual resistant families was relatively low, if these families were bulked into a resistant seed lot, they performed in a more predictable manner with r2 = 0.74 for the regression of the bulk mean versus site means. Bulks of four to six highly resistant families appeared to be a good solution to obtain stable and predictable performance across a range of sites.

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Trends in East Texas: 1969-1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Lenhart ◽  
W. Thomas McGrath ◽  
Terry L. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Cronartium Quercuum ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Five surveys of pine plantations in East Texas over an 18-year period (1969-1987) indicated that fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme Birdsall and Snow) infection rates have increased to current levels of about 50% on slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.) and are continuing to increase on loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) to 10-15% levels. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):259-261.

Tolerance of Loblolly Pines to Fusiform Rust

1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Walkinshaw ◽  
James P. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Mature Trees ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Infected Tree ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natchez Trace Parkway

Abstract Loblolly pines (Pinus taeda L.) that were 8 to 17 yr old tolerated one to three fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shiraif sp. fusiforme) galls in their stems. Families with four or more galls in their stems lost 25% or more of the trees by age 17. In living trees with less than four stem galls, diameter growth was comparable to that of trees with no galls. Tolerance was indicated by the ability of loblolly pines to maintain the rust fungus in stems that had dbh's similarto asymptomatic trees on the same site. In plantations, the number of galls in the stem was generally one to two per infected tree. This was also true for mature trees (12 to 38 in. dbh) along the Natchez Trace Parkway. These trees have been infected with fusiform rust for nearly 100 yr. On the other hand, the presence of four or more stem galls seems to be a reliable indicator of mortality rather than tolerance. South. J. Applied For. 19 (2): 60-64.

scholarly journals Competition Between Fusarium pseudograminearum and Cochliobolus sativus Observed in Field and Greenhouse Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Gunnink Troth ◽  
Jeffrey A. Johnston ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
Respective Species

Among root pathogens, one of the most documented antagonisms is the suppression of Cochliobolus sativus by Fusarium (roseum) species. Unfortunately, previous studies involved single isolates of each pathogen and thus, provided no indication of the spectrum of responses that occur across the respective species. To investigate the variability in interactions between Cochliobolus sativus and Fusarium pseudograminearum, field and greenhouse trials were conducted that included monitoring of spring wheat plant health and monitoring of pathogen populations via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The interactions between two isolates of C. sativus and four isolates of F. pseudograminearum were explored in three geographically distinct wheat fields. To complement field trials and to limit potentially confounding environmental variables that are often associated with field studies, greenhouse trials were performed that investigated the interactions among and between three isolates of C. sativus and four isolates of F. pseudograminearum. Across field locations, C. sativus isolate Cs2344 consistently and significantly reduced Fusarium populations by an average of 20.1%. Similarly, F. pseudograminearum isolate Fp2228 consistently and significantly reduced C. sativus field populations by an average of 30.9%. No interaction was detected in the field between pathogen species with regards to disease or crop losses. Greenhouse results confirmed a powerful (>99%), broadly effective suppression of Fusarium populations by isolate Cs2344. Among greenhouse trials, additional isolate–isolate interactions were observed affecting Fusarium populations. Due to lower C. sativus population sizes in greenhouse trials, significant Fusarium suppression of C. sativus was only detected in one isolate–isolate interaction. This study is the first to demonstrate suppression of Fusarium spp. by C. sativus in field and greenhouse settings. These findings also reveal a complex competitive interaction between these two pathogen species that was previously unknown.

Performance of Livingston Parish Loblolly Pine in the Georgia Piedmont

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
H. R. Powers
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Atlantic Coastal Plain ◽  
Rust Disease ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Georgia Piedmont ◽  
Atlantic Coastal

Abstract Seedlings of Livingston Parish (Louisiana) loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) have been widely used across the Gulf and south Atlantic Coastal Plain to reduce the damage caused by the fusiform rust disease. Since this seed-source material provided the first rust-resistant seedlings available to forestland managers, it was used wherever rust damage was heavy, in some cases into the Piedmont north of the recommended area of planting. This paper evaluates the performance of ten-year-old Livingston Parish trees in such an area. The rust resistance of the Livingston Parish trees was outstanding, with 83% being free of disease as compared with only 14% of the commercial controls. There was no difference in growth between the two groups of trees, and ice breakage was not significantly greater in the Livingston Parish trees. South. J. Appl. For. 10:84-87, May 1986.

scholarly journals Fusiform Rust Incidence in Loblolly and Slash Pine Plantations in East Texas

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros A. Arabatzis ◽  
Timothy G. Gregoire ◽  
J. David Lenhart
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Free Tree ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Over Time

Abstract A method to predict the incidence of fusiform rust (Cronartium quercuum [Berk.] Miyabe ex Shirai f. sp. fusiforme) in unthinned loblolly (Pinus taeda L.) and slash pine (Pinus elliotti Englem.) plantations located on non-old-fields in East Texas is presented. In addition, procedures are described to estimate changes in rust incidence over time as: 1. A rust-free tree remains rust free, develops stem or branch galls, or dies. 2. A tree with branch galls remains with branch galls only, develops stem galls, or dies. 3. A tree with stem galls remains with stem galls, or dies. Multinomial logistic regression models utilizing basic plantation parameters as predictors were fit to estimate current rust incidence and, then, the change in rust condition over time. South. J. Appl. For. 15(2):79-84.

Five Fusiform Rust-Resistant Seed Sources in Coastal South Carolina: A Field Comparison

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-201
Author(s):  
H. R. Powers ◽  
F. R. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Resistant Sources

Abstract Bulk collections of seeds from five fusiform rust-resistant sources of loblolly (Pinus taeda) and slash (P. elliottii var. elliottii) pines were tested for disease resistance and growth potential in coastal South Carolina. Texas and Arkansas loblolly had significantly less rust than trees from other seed sources, although all five resistant sources had significantly less rust infection than commercial checks. Texas loblolly has excellent height growth and was not significantly different from the top-ranked loblolly commercial checks. Arkansas loblolly, although excellent for rust resistance, attained the least height. Trees from the loblolly and slash pine rust-resistant orchards also had good growth and rust resistance. Livingston Parch (Louisiana) loblolly seedlings, which have been widely planted in the South, were not significantly different from the rust-resistant loblolly orchard seedlings in either growth or rust infection. Survival of all seed sources in the test was satisfactory; however, the Livingston Parish and slash commercial check had significantly fewer surviving trees. South. J. Appl. For. 11(4):198-201.

scholarly journals Components of Partial Resistance in the Slash Pine-Fusiform Rust Pathosystem

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Schmidt ◽  
K. P. Gramacho ◽  
T. Miller ◽  
C. H. Young
Keyword(s):  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tree Improvement ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Family Effects ◽  
Greenhouse Tests

Progeny of rust-resistant, open-pollinated slash pine families exhibited components of partial resistance in greenhouse tests. Nine-month-old seedlings of some resistant families had (i) a greater frequency of short galls (≤ 25 mm long), and (ii) fewer sporulating galls compared with other resistant and susceptible families when exposed to Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme in greenhouse tests. These components of partial resistance were evident with (i) mixed- or single-gall inocula, (ii) varying inoculum concentration, and (iii) inoculation of wounds or intact tissues. Inocula effects were nonsignificant, but family effects were highly significant (P = 0.001 - 0.0001) for total galls (TG) and short galls (SG). Multivariate family means (TG-;SG clusters) were highly significant (P = 0.0001). Short galls decreased on all families with an increase in inoculum concentration. In 36 field trials (12 locations × 3 years) a family which exhibited components of partial resistance in greenhouse tests exhibited lower disease incidence (% trees infected), lower disease severity (galls per tree), and less variability in disease incidence and severity among trials compared with other resistant families. Partially resistant families would be useful for tree improvement and for research into the genetics and mechanisms of resistance in the slash pine-fusiform rust pathosystem.

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