Tenth-year survival and size of underplanted seedlings in the Oregon Coast Range

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cole ◽  
Michael Newton
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Forest Stand Structure

This study initiated a two-aged forest stand structure by underplanting 50-year-old stands, primarily of Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) and Douglas-fir – western hemlock ( Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), thinned to 19–33 m2/ha on interior and coastal sites in the Oregon Coast Range. Douglas-fir, grand fir ( Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.) (interior site only), western hemlock, and western redcedar ( Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) were planted following thinning either uniformly or in gaps of 0.06 or 0.1 ha. Understory vegetation treatments included (i) a preharvest site preparation herbicide application and an untreated control at both sites and (ii) a postharvest herbicide release treatment at the interior site. Planting conditions and stock at the interior site were not ideal, so survival was adjusted for first-year mortality. Adjusted 10 year survival ranged from 27% to 56% for Douglas-fir, 47% to 65% for western hemlock, 61% to 80% for grand fir, and 78% to 96% for western redcedar. Tenth-year survival at the coastal site ranged from 79% to 92% for Douglas-fir, 61% to 75% for western hemlock, and 67% to 86% for western redcedar. All species grew moderately well beneath the lowest-density overstories, and size was better within gaps than matrices for most species. Understory site preparation improved size for most species. Browsing on Douglas-fir and western redcedar impacted size on both sites.

scholarly journals Ten-Year Survival and Growth of Planted Douglas-Fir and Western Redcedar After Seven Site-Preparation Treatments

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
William I. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Alnus Rubra ◽  
Red Alder ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Survival And Growth

Abstract Western redcedar (Thuja plicata) and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) were planted together after applying seven site-preparation methods at one site in the Oregon Coast Ranges. Survival and growth of cedar were markedly less than Douglas-fir on this favorable site where both species were components of the original stand. Repeated browsing severely impeded the cedar. Site preparation by broadcast burning generally yielded the best results, but sowing grass after broadcast burning produced Douglas-fir responses similar to those for no site preparation. Where grass was sown, herbaceous cover was more abundant and taller, salmonberry differed little in density but was slightly taller, and development of red alder (Alnus rubra) was delayed. Red alder is currently overtopping conifers in all treatments, and release is needed to ensure sufficient conifer survival. This single example illustrates that much more effort than just planting a mix of species is required to establish a desired mixed stand. West. J. Appl. For. 12(3):74-80.

Townsend's chipmunk populations in Douglas-fir plantations and mature forests in the Oregon Coast Range

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Hayes ◽  
Eric G. Horvath ◽  
Patrick Hounihan
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Forest Stand Structure

Despite the abundance and ecological importance of Townsend's chipmunks (Tamias townsendii) in coniferous forests in the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada, little is known about either the habitat associations of the species or the influence of forest structure on population density. We livetrapped chipmunks in three mature, fire-regenerated coniferous forests (>140 years old) and nine 10- to 35-year-old Douglas-fir plantations in the Oregon Coast Range to examine patterns of their population density and habitat associations. Estimations of density of chipmunk populations among stands ranged from 0.0 to 23.8/ha. Population density within a stand did not significantly change between autumn and spring. Population density, mean maximum distance moved, and sex ratio did not differ significantly between young and mature stands, although mean body mass of chipmunks in mature forests was greater than mean body mass of those in young stands during autumn. Chipmunk population density was correlated with the percentage of salal (Gaultheria shallon) in the understory, suggesting that forest stand structure plays an important role in determining habitat quality for this species. Habitat characteristics in the Oregon Coast Range are highly favorable to Townsend's chipmunks, probably because of mild winters, high rates of primary production, structural characteristics of the stands, and minimal competition from other species of sciurids.

Correlations Between Overtopping Vegetation and Development of Douglas-Fir Saplings in the Oregon Coast Range

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Chan ◽  
John D. Walstad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Sapling Growth ◽  
Stem Diameter Growth

Abstract The response of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) saplings to overtopping vegetation on three northeast-facing sites in the Oregon Coast Range was studied for two years. As amount of overtopping brush increased, sapling growth (as indicated by size) generally decreased. Basal stem diameter growth was most reduced, but similar reductions in growth occurred for tree height and other morphological features. West. J. Appl. For. 2(4):117-119, October 1987.

scholarly journals Douglas-Fir Beetle Response to Artificial Creation of Down Wood in the Oregon Coast Range

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross ◽  
Bruce B. Hostetler ◽  
John Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Management Objectives ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Douglas-fir beetle populations were monitored before and after thinning and felling of trees to create down wood in an 88-year-old Douglas-fir plantation in the Oregon Coast Range. Treatments included an unthinned control, thinning to a target of 75 trees/ha, and thinning to a target of 150 trees/ha. Actual mean tree densities on the plots after thinning were 406, 102, and 154, for the control, 75 trees/ha, and 150 trees/ha treatments, respectively. Fifty trees/ha were felled and left on all thinned plots to create down wood for ecological values. Catches in pheromone-baited traps indicated that the local beetle population increased for 1 year in response to felling and leaving large diameter trees in partial shade. Douglas-fir beetle entrance holes and brood were significantly more abundant on the sides of felled trees and wood borers were significantly more abundant on the upper surface suggesting that treatments that provide maximum exposure of felled trees will create the least favorable habitat for Douglas-fir beetles. However, there were no differences in Douglas-fir beetle entrance holes or brood densities in felled trees between the two thinning intensities. Douglas-fir beetle-caused tree mortality was significantly higher on thinned plots with residual felled trees compared with unthinned controls, although infestation levels were low on all plots (<2 trees/ha). The small increase in beetle-caused tree mortality associated with leaving felled trees would be unlikely to interfere with resource management objectives. These results are applicable to mature, managed forests west of the Cascades with relatively low Douglas-fir beetle populations. In different regions and stand types, or under different environmental conditions, beetle populations could increase to higher densities, remain at high densities longer, and cause higher levels of tree mortality. West. J. Appl. For. 21(3):117–122.

Ectomycorrhizal mushroom response to partial cutting in a western hemlock - western redcedar forest

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Kranabetter ◽  
P Kroeger
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Partial Cutting ◽  
Western Redcedar ◽  
Significant Block

We examined epigeous ectomycorrhizal mushroom richness and productivity after partial cutting in a western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) - western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don in Lamb.) forest of northwestern British Columbia. Mushrooms were collected throughout the fruiting season (July to October) for 3 years, starting 5 years after partial cutting, from plots with mesic soil conditions and residual basal areas ranging from 23 to 69 m2/ha for western hemlock and 0 to 26 m2/ha for western redcedar. Partial cutting had no apparent effect on mushroom phenology over the 3 years. Significant block interactions demonstrated that reductions in basal area of western hemlock could lead to positive, neutral, and negative responses in mushroom richness, biomass, and number of fruiting bodies. These responses were related to stand structure and the potential differences in tree vigour after partial cutting. In addition, there was weak evidence that western redcedar, a host for vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza, had a negative effect on average taxon richness. The study demonstrated that partial-cutting systems could allow some timber removal without necessarily reducing ectomycorrhizal mushroom communities.

scholarly journals Effects of Swiss Needle Cast on Three Douglas-Fir Seed Sources on a Low-Elevation Site in the Northern Oregon Coast Range: Results after Five Growing Seasons

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Kastner ◽  
Steve M. Dutton ◽  
David M. Roché
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Needle Cast ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Coastal Fog ◽  
Swiss Needle Cast ◽  
Natural Stands

Abstract Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) seedlings grown from three seed sources were evaluated for 5 yr on a high-disease-hazard site for their relative tolerance to Swiss needle cast. The seed sources were: (1) seed collected from trees showing an apparent degree of tolerance to Swiss needle cast in natural stands in the coastal fog belt, (2) open-pollinated seed orchard seed collected from random single-pair crosses of parent trees in natural stands outside of the coastal fog belt, but west of the Oregon Coast Range summit, whose progeny demonstrated an apparent degree of disease tolerance in coastal Douglas-fir progeny test sites, and (3) standard reforestation seed purchased from a commercial vendor. There were no significant differences among seed sources in basal diameter and total height for all five growing seasons. Needle retention varied among seed sources over the 5 yr period, but current-year needle retention did not vary significantly after the fifth growing season, and retention of 1- and 2-yr-old needles was relatively low for all seed sources. The intense disease pressure on this site may have overwhelmed expression of disease tolerance among seed sources. We do not recommend planting Douglas-fir on such high-hazard sites. West J. Appl. For. 16(1):31–34.

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