Moose–habitat relationships: integrating local Cree native knowledge and scientific findings in northern Quebec

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 3120-3132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Jacqmain ◽  
Christian Dussault ◽  
Réhaume Courtois ◽  
Louis Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Gps Collars ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Culturally Adapted ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Cree People ◽  
Adapted Process

Participation of aboriginal people in Canadian forestry is a requirement of sustainable management. We proposed a culturally adapted process to integrate Cree and scientific knowledge in Eeyou Istchee (northern Quebec) that could contribute to a better mutual understanding between Cree and non-Cree, and eventually favour the social acceptability of forest management strategies. We studied moose ( Alces alces L.), the Cree featured species and the main forestry issue for the past 40 years. Cree and non-Cree have culturally differing visions for the management of moose habitat. In a previous article, we documented Cree knowledge about moose–habitat relationships. Here, we evaluated some hypotheses built from Cree knowledge by studying the behaviour of moose equipped with GPS collars. In general, results from our habitat use and selection analyses agreed with Cree observations and improved our understanding of moose–habitat relationships in northern Quebec. We jointly demonstrated the importance of mature mixedwoods, balsam fir ( Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) stands, and riparian areas for moose in the northern black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forest. In these specific areas, management approaches other than clear-cutting should be developed to preserve moose habitat quality. Such an alternative would potentially be more acceptable for the Cree people.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of Conifer Regeneration to Spruce Budworm Outbreaks in the Eastern Canadian Boreal Forest

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Lavoie ◽  
Miguel Montoro Girona ◽  
Hubert Morin
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Spruce Budworm ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Insect Outbreaks ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) is the main defoliator of conifer trees in North American boreal forests, affecting extensive areas and causing marked losses of timber supplies. In 2017, spruce budworm affected more than 7 million ha of Eastern Canadian forest. Defoliation was particularly severe for black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.), one of the most important commercial trees in Canada. During the last decades, intensive forest exploitation practices have created vast stands of young balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) and black spruce. Most research focused on the impacts of spruce budworm has been on mature stands; its effects on regeneration, however, have been neglected. This study evaluates the impacts of spruce budworm on the defoliation of conifer seedlings (black spruce and balsam fir) in clearcuts. We measured the cumulative and annual defoliation of seedlings within six clearcut black spruce stands in Quebec (Canada) that had experienced severe levels of defoliation due to spruce budworm. For all sampled seedlings, we recorded tree species, height class, and distance to the residual forest. Seedling height and species strongly influenced defoliation level. Small seedlings were less affected by spruce budworm activity. As well, cumulative defoliation for balsam fir was double that of black spruce (21% and 9%, respectively). Distance to residual stands had no significant effect on seedling defoliation. As insect outbreaks in boreal forests are expected to become more severe and frequent in the near future, our results are important for adapting forest management strategies to insect outbreaks in a context of climate change.

Marten use of clear-cuttings and residual forest stands in western Newfoundland

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce E. Snyder ◽  
John A. Bissonette
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Undisturbed Forest ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Capture Rates

Marten (Martes americana) inhabit primarily old-growth coniferous and mixed wood forest habitats. Widespread forest harvest operations have prompted inquiries into whether residual patches of forest left after harvesting, or regenerating clear-cuttings, provide adequate habitat for marten. In western Newfoundland, the primary method of tree harvest has been clear-cutting of large tracts of balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and black spruce (Picea mariana). The only remaining populations of marten in the province also are found in the western part of the island, with greatest densities near Little Grand Lake. This study was designed to determine if marten used regenerating clear-cuttings and small remnant patches of residual forest left after forest operations. Habitat use by marten was investigated by livetrapping and snow tracking. Residual stands were classified into five size categories, and clear-cuttings into three categories based on height of balsam fir regeneration. From June to December 1983, marten were trapped in 43 residual stands and 35 clear-cuttings. A total of 3587 trap nights yielded 57 captures of 10 male and 8 female marten. Six (10.5%) captures were in clear-cuttings, all <15 years old; 51 (89.5%) marten were captured in residual stands. Capture rates were 0.48 captures/100 trap nights in the clear-cuttings and 2.19 captures/100 trap nights in residual stands. Capture rates were greatest in residual stands 25 to 34.9 ha in size (4.62 captures/100 trap nights). From January to March 1984, marten tracks were followed for 29 km. Although clear-cuttings represented 41 % of the study area, only 26% of marten travel was recorded there, all in clear-cuttings <15 years old. Residual stands >25 ha and undisturbed forest composed 41.3% of the study area; 41.8% of marten travel was recorded there. Smaller residual areas (<25 ha) made up only 4.2% of the total area, but 32.4% of the marten travel was recorded in these areas. These data indicate that marten seldom used clear-cuttings and used residual stands >25 ha and undisturbed forests in proportion to their occurrence, but the use of smaller residual stands <25 ha was greater than expected.

Linking stand attributes to cartographic information for ecosystem management purposes in the boreal forest of eastern Québec

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Côté ◽  
Mathieu Bouchard ◽  
David Pothier ◽  
Sylvie Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Forest Classification ◽  
Stand Characteristics

In the North American boreal forest, the adoption of forest ecosystem management strategies usually increases the number of forest stands to be treated with irregular or uneven-aged silvicultural systems. However, it is difficult to properly target the stands most appropriate for partial cut treatments in remote areas where road access is limited, because current inventory data do not include an assessment of key stand characteristics for silvicultural prescriptions, such as the abundance of small stems in the understory. In this study, we present a forest classification performed using classification and ordination methods, based on ground-measured structural and compositional stand characteristics, in a region of eastern Québec, Canada. This classification resulted in six forest types, which range in composition and structure from relatively regular post-fire stands dominated by black spruce (Picea mariana) to relatively irregular stands co-dominated by balsam fir (Abies balsamea) and black spruce. This classification was linked with cartographic information currently available to forest managers. Information from a fine-scale forest map predicted slightly better the presence of forest types with irregular stand structures compared with a coarse-scale forest map complemented with a fire map. Thus, areas most suitable for the implementation of uneven-aged silvicultural systems can be roughly delineated from existing cartographic information, which will facilitate their integration into large-scale and long-term forest management plans.Key words: boreal forest, forest classification, forest dynamics, stand structure, silviculture

scholarly journals Mixed Regional Shifts in Conifer Productivity under 21st-Century Climate Projections in Canada’s Northeastern Boreal Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Tyler Searls ◽  
James Steenberg ◽  
Xinbiao Zhu ◽  
Charles P.-A. Bourque ◽  
Fan-Rui Meng
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Climate Projections

Models of forest growth and yield (G&Y) are a key component in long-term strategic forest management plans. Models leveraging the industry-standard “empirical” approach to G&Y are frequently underpinned by an assumption of historical consistency in climatic growing conditions. This assumption is problematic as forest managers look to obtain reliable growth predictions under the changing climate of the 21st century. Consequently, there is a pressing need for G&Y modelling approaches that can be more robustly applied under the influence of climate change. In this study we utilized an established forest gap model (JABOWA-3) to simulate G&Y between 2020 and 2100 under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL). Simulations were completed using the province’s permanent sample plot data and surface-fitted climatic datasets. Through model validation, we found simulated basal area (BA) aligned with observed BA for the major conifer species components of NL’s forests, including black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton et al.] and balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill]. Model validation was not as robust for the less abundant species components of NL (e.g., Acer rubrum L. 1753, Populus tremuloides Michx., and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss). Our simulations generally indicate that projected climatic changes may modestly increase black spruce and balsam fir productivity in the more northerly growing environments within NL. In contrast, we found productivity of these same species to only be maintained, and in some instances even decline, toward NL’s southerly extents. These generalizations are moderated by species, RCP, and geographic parameters. Growth modifiers were also prepared to render empirical G&Y projections more robust for use under periods of climate change.

scholarly journals Placenta accreta spectrum disorders—experience of management in a German tertiary perinatal centre

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Bluth ◽  
Axel Schindelhauer ◽  
Katharina Nitzsche ◽  
Pauline Wimberger ◽  
Cahit Birdir
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Placenta Accreta ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Optimal Setting ◽  
Placenta Accreta Spectrum ◽  
Management Approaches

Abstract Purpose Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders can cause major intrapartum haemorrhage. The optimal management approach is not yet defined. We analysed available cases from a tertiary perinatal centre to compare the outcome of different individual management strategies. Methods A monocentric retrospective analysis was performed in patients with clinically confirmed diagnosis of PAS between 07/2012 and 12/2019. Electronic patient and ultrasound databases were examined for perinatal findings, peripartum morbidity including blood loss and management approaches such as (1) vaginal delivery and curettage, (2) caesarean section with placental removal versus left in situ and (3) planned, immediate or delayed hysterectomy. Results 46 cases were identified with an incidence of 2.49 per 1000 births. Median diagnosis of placenta accreta (56%), increta (39%) or percreta (4%) was made in 35 weeks of gestation. Prenatal detection rate was 33% for all cases and 78% for placenta increta. 33% showed an association with placenta praevia, 41% with previous caesarean section and 52% with previous curettage. Caesarean section rate was 65% and hysterectomy rate 39%. In 9% of the cases, the placenta primarily remained in situ. 54% of patients required blood transfusion. Blood loss did not differ between cases with versus without prenatal diagnosis (p = 0.327). In known cases, an attempt to remove the placenta did not show impact on blood loss (p = 0.417). Conclusion PAS should be managed in an optimal setting and with a well-coordinated team. Experience with different approaches should be proven in prospective multicentre studies to prepare recommendations for expected and unexpected need for management.

scholarly journals Preserving Wildlife: An International Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Nadia Elizabeth Tapp
Keyword(s):  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Sport Hunting ◽  
Selection Of

PRESERVING Wildlife: An International Perspective is an anthology of twenty papers exploring the issues related to the preservation of wildlife, with an emphasis on related management approaches. This topic is introduced philosophically with a discussion of moral values associated with human activities. Sport hunting, the medical aid of injured wild animals and the manipulation of wildlife during ecological field studies are discussed within this context. The focus then shifts to a selection of wildlife management strategies including habitat protection, captive breeding, culling of non-native species, eco-tourism and marketing of wildlife products.

scholarly journals Management strategies of potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases in a cohort of Bangladeshi patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Hashim Rabbi ◽  
Md Mamunur Rashid ◽  
AHM Tanvir Ahmed ◽  
Mirza Shamsul Arefin ◽  
Sarder Rizwan Nayeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Hepatic Resection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Intraoperative Ultrasound ◽  
Hepatic Metastases ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Colonic Resection ◽  
Stage Iv Disease ◽  
Management Approaches

Background: Colorectal cancer with liver metastases (CRLM) is stage IV disease. Only 60% patients present with palpable liver or a liver mass and at laparotomy 80% hepatic metastases can be detected. Synchronous CRLM (SCRRLM) is indicative of poor prognosis than metachronous (MCRLM) counterpart. Only 13-15% of SCLM are eligible for curative resection. Surgical intervention offers long term cure with overall survival in 37-58% patients. This study was designed to validate different approaches of management to patients with CRLM in Bangladeshi patients. Methods: In this prospective observational study, we observed different management approaches in 41 Bangladeshi individuals with CRLM from January 2010 to January 2018 in different tertiary care hospitals of Dhaka. They were thoroughly evaluated and prepared for surgical resection. After detection both synchronous and metachronous CRLM, patients were treated surgically with colonic resection and liver resection with simultaneous approach, lesion first approach, liver first approach. Intraoperative ultrasound was valuable in localization of liver lesions. Patients were followed up for a minimum 6 months to maximum period of 61 months. Results: The study included 41 patients between ages of 21 to 70 years, of them 22 (53.65%) males and 19 (46.34%) were female. Among them, 19 patients (46.34%) had synchronous lesion and 22 (53.66%) had metachronous lesion. Neoadjuvant therapy was given in 9 (21.95%) patients. All the patients received adjuvant therapy. Multiple metastetectomy was done in 31 (75.60%) patients. In our series, following margin negative hepatic resection,14 (34.14%) patients survived 3 years and 3(7.31 %) patients survived 5 years. Conclusion: CRLM signifies an advanced disease at presentation. Hepatic resection following resection of colorectal primary is curative. Simultaneous liver with colonic resection is safe and effective in cases of small hepatic metastases. Birdem Med J 2019; 9(3): 207-212

Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

<em>Abstract</em>.—Although stunting is a fairly common phenomenon in fishes, confusion remains about underlying mechanisms and appropriate management strategies. Herein, I summarize current literature to provide a synthetic look at factors that can cause stunting and consider associated management strategies. First, I provide historical context by reviewing early literature, much of which is focused on density-dependent slow growth as the cause of stunting. A brief summary of more recent literature, however, suggests that stunting is often more complex than early investigations might indicate, and mechanisms such as early maturation and overexploitation of adults are considered. Because the bluegill <em>Lepomis macrochirus </em>is an extremely common reservoir species, a large body of literature related to its population size structure and associated management strategies is available. Therefore, I use bluegill as a model system to describe how various mechanisms might lead to stunting and indicate important considerations from a management standpoint. In the final section, I review management strategies and argue, among other things, that consistent language, clear identification of underlying mechanisms, and multifaceted management approaches are necessary for robust results when dealing with stunted populations.

Exploring undergraduates’ money-management life: insight from an emerging economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilani Sachitra ◽  
Dinushi Wijesinghe ◽  
Wajira Gunasena
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Money Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Decisions ◽  
Management Behaviour ◽  
Management Approaches

Purpose Undergraduates are expected to be future leaders responsible for business and nations. Given that sound financial decision-making is critical to their success in their careers and lives, it is important to understand the money-management behaviour of undergraduates. In the context of developing countries, the body of knowledge on money-management behaviour is dominated by functional financial literature and there is little research on factors beyond this. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring economic, social and psychological factors that influence money-management behaviour of undergraduates in a developing nation (Sri Lanka) and how undergraduates respond to these influences. Design/methodology/approach The study used a qualitative exploratory approach. Data collection was carried out using focus group discussions and individual interviews amongst undergraduates in a leading Sri Lankan state university. Findings The results indicate that undergraduates adopted both careful and risky money-management approaches. The subthemes, specifically identified under economic, social and psychological factors, revealed how undergraduates responded to each of these factors and the influence of contextual and cultural differences in their money-management behaviour. Research limitations/implications Findings of the study revealed the importance of promoting innovative educational strategies to change the dependability mindset of undergraduates and to promote stress-management strategies that will assist them to enhance their personalities and creativity in making financial decisions. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are provided. Originality/value The literature scores in developing context are limited to exploring the existing pattern and the levels of the functional financial literacy. This study has deepened the authors’ understanding of how the developing context affects undergraduates’ response to the factors relating to their money-management behaviour. The findings from this study will be useful to government, financial institutions, educational institutions, parents and those who have a keen interest in encouraging healthy money-management behaviour in undergraduates.

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