Interactions between drought and shade on growth and physiological traits in two Populus cathayana populations

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1877-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Huang ◽  
Chunying Yin ◽  
Baoli Duan ◽  
Chunyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Populus Cathayana ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Drought Effects

The morphological and physiological responses of two contrasting Populus cathayana Rehd. populations to three light regimes, full sunlight (control), 33% full sunlight (moderate shade), and 12% full sunlight (severe shade), were investigated under well-watered and drought conditions. The populations were from Hanyuan (relatively more annual rainfall and less annual solar radiation) and Ledu (less annual rainfall and more annual solar radiation) in western China. In both populations, drought-treated plants exhibited reduced growth, leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis, and maximal efficiency of photosystem II (PSII); increased levels of chlorophyll, carotenoid, abscisic acid, and carbon isotope composition; and a greater accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) than did well-watered plants. There was an apparent alleviation of drought effects by moderate shade, especially in the Hanyuan population, as indicated by the higher leaf relative water content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and maximal efficiency of PSII and the lower MDA content. On the other hand, an apparent aggravation of drought effects by severe shade was also observed, especially in the Ledu population, as indicated by the lower total biomass and net photosynthesis and the higher MDA content. Moreover, the Hanyuan population was more shade tolerant and drought sensitive than the Ledu population.

scholarly journals STUDY OF IMPACT OF AIR POLLUTION ON PLANTS BY ESTIMATION OF APTI OF CERTAIN TREES IN KATRAJ AREA IN PUNE CITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Erum F H Kazi ◽  
Dr. Satish Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Air pollution is one of major concerns in Pune City currently. Study highlights increase in Particulate matter from Vehicular sources & Urbanization in Karaj area is having harmful impact on the trees in the area. Leaf of Plant species such as Peepal( Ficusreligiosa),, Tamarind(Tamarindusindica), Rain tree( Samaneasaman), Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Manago( Mangiferaindica), Almond( Terminaliacatappa) , Banyan tree(Ficusbenghalensis) were selected and it was found that Ashoka( Saracaasoca), Mango tree( Mangiferaindica) showed Intermediate APTI whereas Peepal, Tamarind, Rain tree, Almond, Banyan tree were found to be Sensitive to pollution. KEYWORDS: Air Pollutants, APTI of plants, Total Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, p H of leaf, Relative water Content ( RWC)

Water Stressed Nodal Roots of Wheat: Effects on Leaf Growth

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Volkmar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Seminal Root ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
Nodal Root ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

This experiment as undertaken to determine the efects of soil drying around the nodal and/or seminal root systems on the shoot growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two split-root experiments were conducted, the first on newly emerged nodal roots of 18-day-old wheat plants, the second on 25-day-old plants. In both experiments, nodal and seminal roots were isolated from one another and water was withheld from either the nodal root chamber, the seminal root chamber, or both, over 6 days. In the first experiment, leaf growth was unaffected by withholding water from very short nodal roots, even though leaf relative water content of the droughted plants decreased. By comparison, both leaf elongation rate and relative water content decreased by withholding water from the seminal roots. On plants that were 1 week older, leaf growth rate and leaf relative water content decreased when nodal roots were drought-stressed. Leaf growth rate of seminal root droughted plants was more impaired than their nodal root counterparts, even though leaf relative water contents of the two treatments were the same. In both experiments, drought stress applied to the nodal root system enhanced nodal root growth more than seminal roots. These results suggest that seminal and nodal roots perceive and respond to drought stress differently with respect to the nature of the message conveyed to the shoots.

Vegetative desiccation tolerance of Tripogon spicatus (Poaceae) from the tropical semiarid region of northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo de T. Aidar ◽  
Agnaldo R. de M. Chaves ◽  
Paulo I. Fernandes Júnior ◽  
Melquisedec de S. Oliveira ◽  
Benjamim P. da Costa Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

The vegetative desiccation tolerance of Tripogon spicatus (Nees) Ekman was confirmed by its ability to recover the physiological functionality of intact plants previously subjected to extreme dehydration. Photosynthesis became undetectable when leaf relative water content (RWCleaf) achieved ~60%, whereas photochemical variables showed a partial decrease. Until the minimum RWCleaf of 6.41%, total chl decreased by 9%, and total carotenoids increased by 29%. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 57%, on average, during dehydration, but catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (APX) activities showed no significant differences throughout the experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased by 151%, total leaf and root amino acids decreased by 62% and 77%, respectively, whereas leaf and root proline decreased by 40% and 61%, respectively, until complete desiccation. After rehydration, leaves completely recovered turgidity and total chl contents. Carotenoids and MDA remained high, whereas SOD was 60% lower than the measured average measured before dehydration. With the exception of root amino acid contents, total amino acids and proline concentrations recovered completely. Gas exchange and photochemical variables remained substantially higher 4 days after rehydration, compared with the control. Besides increasing MDA, the overall physiological results showed that membrane functionality was preserved, leading to the vegetative desiccation tolerance of T. spicatus during the dehydration–rehydration cycle.

scholarly journals Changes in plant growth, leaf relative water content and physiological traits in response to salt stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12049
Author(s):  
Tekam L. MEGUEKAM ◽  
Dany P. MOUALEU ◽  
Victor D. TAFFOUO ◽  
Hartmut STÜTZEL
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Salinity is the main environmental factor accountable for decreasing crop productivity worldwide. The effects of NaCl salinity on plant growth (leaf relative water content (RWC), leaf dry weight (LDW), shoot length (SL), number of leaves (NL), number of branches (NB) and total leaf area (TLA) and physiological characteristics (stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (TR), net photosynthetic (Pn), yield of photosystem II (ΦPsII) and the intercellular CO2 concentration (CO2int) in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties (‘Vanda’, ‘P244601’ and ‘Pl184948’, widely used in Cameroon, Tanzania and Ghana, respectively, were investigated under hydroponic condition. Plants were subjected to four levels of NaCl (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM) at early seedling growth stage of plant development. Application of NaCl treatment led to a significant decrease in LDW, SL, NL, TLA, Pn, gs, TR and CO2int concentration of ‘Vanda’ and ‘P244601’ compared to untreated plants while the plant growth inhibition was notably noted at 120 mM NaCl in ‘P1184948’ for LDW, SL and NB. The highest depressive effect was detected in gs of salt-sensitive ‘Vanda’ while the lowest were recorded in gs of salt-tolerant ‘P1184948’ at high salinity level. Enhanced NaCl concentrations led to a significant increase in ΦPSII of ‘P1184948’ compared to ‘Vanda’, ‘P244601’ and untreated plants. Leaf CHL content was significantly increased in moderately-tolerant ‘‘P244601’ and salt-tolerant ‘P1184948’ at 80 mM NaCl compared to salt sensitive ‘Vanda’ and untreated plants. The depressive effect of salt on RWC was recorded at 120 mM NaCl in peanut leaves of all varieties. Under salt stress ‘P1184948’ was observed to have relatively higher tolerance on average of all growth and physiological traits than ‘Vanda’ and P244601’ suggesting that it could be grown in salt-affected soils.

scholarly journals Effects of Duration and Temperature in Simulated Dark Shipping on the Subsequent Performance of the Nobile-type Dendrobiums

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Ariningsun P. Cinantya ◽  
Fure-Chyi Chen ◽  
Yao-Chien Alex Chang
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Flower Diameter ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Time Required

The popularity of the nobile-type dendrobium (Dendrobium nobile hybrids) has been increasing globally. More information regarding the effects of long-distance shipping, from producing countries to destination market countries, on the post-shipping plant performance is needed. In this study, two nobile-type dendrobium cultivars were subjected to simulated dark shipping (SDS) at various temperatures and durations. Changes in net CO2 uptake rate (Pn), chlorophyll fluorescence, and leaf relative water content after plants had been treated with SDS were investigated. Furthermore, shipped plants were vernalized to investigate the effect of dark shipping on the subsequent flowering quality. Dark shipping for 7 days at 15 °C did not affect the post-shipping photosynthetic performance of D. Lan Tarn Beauty. Increasing the shipping duration from 7 to 21 days increased the time required for Pn recovery from 1 to 12 days. Dendrobium Lan Tarn Beauty recovered its Pn within 4 days when shipped for 21 days at 10 °C, and this was prolonged to 11 days when the plants were shipped at 20 °C. Changes in Fv/Fm indicated that there was no marked damage to either cultivars, and the leaf relative water content was little affected by SDS. Dendrobium Lan Tarn Beauty and D. Lucky Girl shipped at 10 °C flowered 5 and 8 days earlier, respectively, compared with unshipped plants. Regardless of the shipping conditions, shipped D. Lucky Girl had a lower flower diameter and higher total flower count than unshipped plants. No differences were found in the number of nodes with flowers or the total flower count between shipped and unshipped D. Lan Tarn Beauty. Our study suggested that dark shipping for up to 21 days is possible for nobile-type dendrobiums. We recommend shipping temperatures of 10 to 15 °C to reduce the detrimental effects caused by long-term dark shipping.

scholarly journals Freezing Tolerance and Cold Acclimation in Guava (Psidium guajava L.)

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 1258-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hao ◽  
Rajeev Arora ◽  
Anand K. Yadav ◽  
Nirmal Joshee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is a tropical evergreen tree that tolerates a wide range of frost-free environments. In recent years, the American market demand for exotic and nutritious fruits, like guava, has been increasing, and, with a long harvest period, guava can be a potential alternative, high-value cash crop in the United States. However, the major limitation with commercializing guava cultivation in the United States is its low cold tolerance. In this article, we studied the physiology of freezing tolerance and cold acclimation in guava. Laboratory freeze–thaw tests (on leaves), shoot growth and leaf relative water content measurements, leaf anthocyanin content analyses, and leaf protein analyses were performed on nonacclimated and cold-acclimated guava cultivars Lucknow-49 and Ruby × Supreme. The leaf freezing tolerance (expressed as LT50 values) of nonacclimated tissues was ≈–2.5 °C and significantly enhanced to ≈–4.4 °C after an environmentally controlled cold acclimation regime for both cultivars. However, when compared based on actual injury sustained by leaves at various freezing temperatures in a freeze–thaw test, ‘Ruby × Supreme’ exhibited significantly less injury than ‘Lucknow-49’ at most temperatures. Growth and leaf relative water content reduced, whereas leaf anthocyanins accumulated during cold acclimation. Leaf protein analyses, which were performed after cold acclimation and drought stress, revealed that four proteins (69, 48, 23.5, and 17.4 kDa) accumulated in response to low temperatures, and two proteins (17.4 and 16 kDa) accumulated in response to drought stress. Antidehydrin immunoblots revealed that one common 17.4 kDa dehydrin accumulated in response to cold and drought stresses. Our data indicate that guava possesses leaf freezing tolerance, exhibits cold acclimation ability, and that ‘Ruby × Supreme’ leaves are relatively more freezing-tolerant than ‘Lucknow-49’ when compared up to –4 and –8 °C for nonacclimated and cold-acclimated tissues, respectively. Cold acclimation in guava appears to be a multifactorial process involving complex physiological and biochemical changes and also overlapping responses with drought stress.

scholarly journals Hasil, Kualitas Fisik Polong dan Biji Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah menurut Ragam Lengas Tanah pada Fase Generatif

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Asri Rahmianna ◽  
Dan Joko Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Generative Stage

Drought stress during generative stage affected pod yield, yield components, seed and pod qualities of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). The reseach was carried out to assess the effect of drought stress at various soil water availabilities during generative stage on pod yield, pod and seed physical qualities. The experiment was conducted at Muneng Experimental Farm, Probolinggo District during July-October 2012. Five genotypes were arranged in a RCB design, with 3 replicates. The replications were nested into four treatments of soil water availability (0-100, 0-85, 0-70,0-55 days after sowing/DAS). The pods were harvested at 102 days after sowing. The result showed that the shorter the water availability, the lower the leaf relative water content, pod and seed water contents, number of mature pods, seed size, and intact seeds weight. Pod yield reduced when water was available upto 55 DAS only. Turangga variety had the highest pod yield (1.626 ton ha-1) with low pod and seed physical qualities. GH-51 yielded in 1.076 ton ha-1 with superior pod and seed physical qualities. Despite of its lowest pod yield (0.964 ton ha-1), J-11 produced the same pod and seed physical qualities as GH 51 did. ICGV 86590 was superior on its pod yield (1.338 ton ha-1) with low pod and seed physical qualities. Kancil variety did not perform any superiority.<br /><br />Keywords: intact seeds, leaf relative water content, pod moisture content, seed moisture content

scholarly journals Photosynthetic acclamatory response of Panicum antidotale Retz. populations to root zone desiccation stress

2024 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Javed ◽  
M. Iqbal ◽  
H. Bano ◽  
N. Hussain ◽  
A. Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Psii Activity ◽  
Cholistan Desert ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Panicum Antidotale

Abstract Growth of plants is severely reduced due to water stress by affecting photosynthesis including photosystem II (PSII) activity and electron transport. This study emphasised on comparative and priority targeted changes in PSII activity due to progressive drought in seven populations of Panicum antidotale (P. antidotale) collected from Cholistan Desert and non-Cholistan regions. Tillers of equal growth of seven populations of P. antidotale grown in plastic pots filled with soil were subjected progressive drought by withholding water irrigation for three weeks. Progressive drought reduced the soil moisture content, leaf relative water content, photosynthetic pigments and fresh and dry biomass of shoots in all seven populations. Populations from Dingarh Fort, Dingarh Grassland and Haiderwali had higher growth than those of other populations. Cholistani populations especially in Dingarh Grassland and Haiderwali had greater ability of osmotic adjustment as reflected by osmotic potential and greater accumulation of total soluble proteins. Maximum H2O2 under water stress was observed in populations from Muzaffargarh and Khanewal but these were intermediate in MDA content. Under water stress, populations from Muzaffargarh and Dingarh Fort had greater K+ accumulation in their leaves. During progressive drought, non-Cholistani populations showed complete leaf rolling after 23 days of drought, and these populations could not withstand with more water stress condition while Cholistani populations tolerated more water stress condition for 31 days. Moreover, progressive drought caused PSII damages after 19 days and it became severe after 23 days in non-Cholistani populations of P. antidotale than in Cholistani populations.

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