Postfire root distribution of Scots pine in relation to fire behaviour

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Smirnova ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Suzanne Brais ◽  
Anders Granström
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Function ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Coarse Roots

Fire can potentially have a large direct impact on tree roots and, thus, contribute to reduced vitality. Tree canopy status after fire should have an impact on the postfire production of fine roots, further affecting root function. We analyzed the standing crop of live and dead roots in Pinus sylvestris L. with varying degrees of crown scorch, 1 year after fire in northern Sweden. On the burned sites, total Pinus live fine-root biomass was 74% of that at the control sites, and it was only 19% of the control for roots <2 mm, indicating an 80% reduction due to fire. Root mortality was highest for high-scorch trees, but this was probably due to greater depth of burn in the organic soil for these trees and not to higher fire intensity per se. Fine-root production was also assessed by an ingrowth experiment. This showed relatively similar fine-root production in both control trees and fire-damaged trees, indicating a high allocation to root growth for the damaged trees, to make up for lost root function. Root dynamics after fire are related to a number of factors, and direct effects are determined by the depth of burn in the organic soil layer. Indirect, long-lasting effects could be due mainly to girdling of coarse roots close to tree stems and canopy loss.

scholarly journals Seasonal patterns of fine root dynamics and their contribution to net primary production in hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) and konara oak (Quercus serrata) forests

Trees ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young An ◽  
Akira Osawa
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Chamaecyparis Obtusa ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Fine Root Dynamics ◽  
Hinoki Cypress ◽  
Core Method ◽  
Konara Oak

Abstract Key message Fine root and litterfall are major contributor of NPP and fine root production may reflect forest productivity in a warm-temperate forest in Japan. Abstract Forest ecosystems play an important role as the major carbon sink on land, with fine root dynamics and litterfall representing major carbon fluxes. The objectives of this research were to estimate NPP including annual fine root production values, to investigate fine root dynamics and the relationships between above– and belowground organs in konara oak (Quercus serrata) and hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa) forests. Litterfall was collected seasonally for 1 year from June 2013. The ingrowth core method and the sequential soil core method were applied with a root litterbag experiment to estimate fine root (< 2 mm) production (FRP), mortality (FRM), and decomposition (FRD) for 1 year (from 2013 to 2014), using the continuous inflow estimate method and the simplified decision matrix. The total NPP ranged from 8.2 to 13.9 (t ha− 1 yr− 1), and the sum of aboveground litterfall and FRP accounted for 60% of the total NPP on average, confirming the significance of above- and belowground litter for the forest NPP as a source of detritus for the decomposer system. In hinoki cypress stand, fine root biomass peaked in the end of winter while fine root necromass showed the highest peak in late summer. In konara oak stand, only very fine root (< 0.05 mm) biomass and necromass demonstrated significant seasonal patterns. The seasonal patterns of fine root production did not differ between forest types and root diameter classes. We found a possible relationship between above- and belowground production and fine root production tended to be high in productive forests. This study improves our understanding of different patterns of carbon dynamics between temperate broadleaved and coniferous forest ecosystems.

Influence of Pruning and Irrigation on Root Longevity of `Concord' Vines

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 511a-511
Author(s):  
L.H. Comas ◽  
D.M. Eissenstat ◽  
A.N. Lakso ◽  
R. Dunst
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Root Dynamics ◽  
Supplemental Irrigation ◽  
Root Longevity ◽  
Root Lifespan ◽  
Median Lifespan

Improved cultural practices in grape require a better understanding of root growth and physiology. Seasonal root dynamics were examined in mature `Concord' vines with balanced or minimal-pruning, and with or without supplemental irrigation in Fredonia, N.Y. Fine roots were continuously produced during the growing season starting in mid-June around time of bloom. Roots began to die in September at verasion. Minimal-pruned vines produced more roots than balanced-pruned vines, with the minimal-pruned/unirrigated vines producing the most roots. Irrigation and pruning delayed fine root production at the beginning of the growing season. Peak fine root flush was 16 June to 21 July 1997 for the minimal-pruned/unirrigated treatment, while peak flush was 7 July to 2 Sept. 1997 for balanced-pruned/irrigated treatment. In minimal-pruned vines, many roots were observed down to depths of 120 cm. In contrast, balanced-pruned vines had very few fine roots deeper than 40 cm. From initial observations, median lifespan of fine roots was 5 to 9.5 weeks, depending on treatment and depth in soil. Fine roots lived longer in the top 15-cm than in the 16- to 30-cm layer of soil in all treatments. Both minimal pruning and irrigation increased root lifespan. Fine roots had the shortest lifespan in the balanced-pruned/unirrigated treatment and the longest lifespan in the minimal-pruned/irrigated treatment.

Heterorhizy can lead to underestimation of fine-root production when using mesh-based techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 84-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Montagnoli ◽  
M. Terzaghi ◽  
G.S. Scippa ◽  
D. Chiatante
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production

Fine root production and litter input: Its effects on soil carbon

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Guo ◽  
M. J. Halliday ◽  
S. J. M. Siakimotu ◽  
R. M. Gifford
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Litter Input

Fine root mass and fine root production in tropical moist forests as dependent on soil, climate, and elevation

2011 ◽  
pp. 428-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hertel ◽  
Ch. Leuschner ◽  
L. A. Bruijnzeel ◽  
F. N. Scatena ◽  
L. S. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Soil Climate

scholarly journals Biomass Allocation to Resource Acquisition Compartments Is Affected by Tree Density Manipulation in European Beech after Three Decades

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Bohdan Konôpka ◽  
Milan Barna ◽  
Michal Bosela ◽  
Martin Lukac
Keyword(s):  
Fine Root ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Tree Density ◽  
Resource Acquisition ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
Mature Forest

This study reports on an investigation of fine root and foliage productivity in forest stands dominated by European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and exposed to contrasting intensities of mature forest harvesting. The main aim of this study was to consider the long-term effects of canopy manipulation on resource acquisition biomass compartments in beech. We made use of an experiment established in 1989, when five different light availability treatments were started in plots within a uniform forest stand, ranging from no reduction in tree density to full mature forest removal. We measured fine root standing stock in the 0–30 cm soil layer by coring in 2013 and then followed annual fine root production (in-growth cores) and foliage production (litter baskets) in 2013–2015. We found that the plot where the tree density was reduced by 30% had the lowest foliage and the highest fine root production. In 2013, this plot had the highest fine root turnover rate (0.8 year−1), while this indicator of fine root dynamics was much lower in the other four treatments (around 0.3 year−1). We also found that the annual fine root production represented around two thirds of annual foliage growth on the mass basis in all treatments. While our findings support the maintenance of source and sink balance in woody plants, we also found a long-lasting effect of tree density manipulation on investment into resource acquisition compartments in beech forests.

Analysis of some sources of error in methods used to determine fine root production in forest ecosystems: a simulation approach

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Kurz ◽  
J. P. Kimmins
Keyword(s):  
Root Biomass ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Sampling Interval ◽  
Fine Root Biomass ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Fine Root Production ◽  
True Value

Fine root production rates are most commonly calculated from periodic measurements of live and dead fine root biomass. The accuracy of production estimates based on this method is very sensitive to violations of the inherent assumptions, particularly the assumption that the processes of fine root production and mortality are temporally separate. A simple model was used to simulate data for a variety of seasonal patterns of live and dead fine root biomass. Fine root production and mortality rates were calculated from these simulated data using two different computational methods. Comparison of the calculated rates with the known rates (the rates used to generate the seasonal patterns) revealed that violations of the above assumptions can result in inaccurate rate estimates. When fine root production and mortality occur simultaneously within a sampling interval, the calculated production rate will greatly underestimate the true value. Additional error in the rate estimates may result from sampling error associated with the fine root biomass data. The model suggested that sampling error can cause either overestimation or underestimation of fine root production.

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