Scheduling fire-fighting tasks using the concept of "deteriorating jobs"

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos P Rachaniotis ◽  
Costas P Pappis
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Deteriorating Jobs ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Time Limit ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
Value Loss ◽  
Fire Containment ◽  
In Fire

In fire fighting, the time and effort required to control a fire increase if the beginning of the fire containment effort is delayed. Several demand-covering models have been proposed for the deployment of available fire-fighting resources so that a forest fire is attacked within a specified time limit. This paper considers the problem of scheduling a single fire-fighting resource when there are several existing fires to be controlled using a model specific to the fire's rate of spread. The problem is tackled using the concept of deteriorating jobs, that is, the model represents increasing value loss as fires remain unsuppressed and increasing time for fire suppression.

A Numerical Study of Forest Fire Progression and Fire Suppression by Aerial Fire Fighting

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohyu Satoh ◽  
Kunio Kuwahara ◽  
K. T. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Cfd Simulations

Forest fires are of common occurrence all over the world, which cause severe damages to valuable natural resources and human lives. In the recent California Fire, which burned 300,000 hectors of land, the disaster danger could reasonably be predicted, but early control of fires by means of aerial fire fighting might have been failed in that situation. Also in Japan, there are similar problems in the aerial fire fighting. Most forest fires occur in the daytime and the fires are freely in progress without any control during the nighttime. Therefore, it is important to attack the fires when there is daylight. The water dropped by helicopters is not always sufficient to control fires, since the quantity of water that can be carried aloft is a critical issue. Large amount of water can be dropped from aircrafts, but the high-speed flight of aircrafts may be dangerous in the mountain, where tall trees and steel towers with electric wires may exist. Therefore, those aircrafts have to fly at much higher altitudes than helicopters, while the water drop at high altitudes changes water into mist in the air. The objective of this study is to examine the methods to prevent the ignition by firebrands in the downwind area by applying water through the aerial fire fighting. However, tests by real aircrafts to obtain such information would be too costly. Therefore, the patterns of water drop from aircrafts were examined in CFD simulations, together with the investigation of needed water drop rate based on the forest fire statistics, the previous real aircraft tests and laboratory experiments. It has been found in the simulations that the water supply with the water density of 2 L/m2 is effective to control fires and the patterns of dropping water are reasonable.

Thinking and Discussion on Fire Fighting in High-Rise Buildings

2014 ◽  
Vol 1051 ◽  
pp. 661-664
Author(s):  
Ran Xue
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Future ◽  
Property Loss ◽  
Property Losses ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Research Situation

High-rise buildings have some characteristics such as high altitude, complex structure and various functions. Once in fire, casualties and property loss might be more frequent in high-rise buildings. In order to reduce the fire caused casualties and property losses effectively, the characteristics of high-rise buildings were analyzed and concluded in this paper, and related suppression strategies were also put forward. A few suggestions were given to the study of fire suppression in high-rise buildings in the future in according to the research situation.

Forest fire prevention: Developing an operational difficulty index in fire fighting (ODIF)

2006 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. S49
Author(s):  
Enrico Marchi ◽  
Enrico Tesi ◽  
Niccolò Brachetti Montorselli ◽  
Laura Bonora ◽  
Elisabetta Checcacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Fire Prevention ◽  
Forest Fire Prevention ◽  
Difficulty Index ◽  
In Fire

The new generation of remote sensing services for operational forest fire-fighting within GMES

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Valcarce ◽  
Jesús Gonzalo ◽  
Joaquín Ramírez ◽  
Abel Calle Montes ◽  
Emilio Chuvieco
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
New Generation

POSITIONS OF GAS AND SMOKE PROTECTION SERVICE UNITS IN FIRE-FIGHTING CONTROL IN BUILDINGS OF LOW STABILITY IN CASE OF FIRE

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
O. I. Stepanov ◽  
◽  
A. N. Denisov ◽  
M. V. Stakheev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Fighting ◽  
In Fire

scholarly journals Drone Swarms in Fire Suppression Activities: A Conceptual Framework

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Elena Ausonio ◽  
Patrizia Bagnerini ◽  
Marco Ghio
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Cellular Automata Model ◽  
Fire Propagation ◽  
Active Fire ◽  
Fire Front ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Mediterranean Scrub ◽  
In Fire

The recent huge technological development of unmanned aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can provide breakthrough means of fighting wildland fires. We propose an innovative forest firefighting system based on the use of a swarm of hundreds of UAVs able to generate a continuous flow of extinguishing liquid on the fire front, simulating the effect of rain. Automatic battery replacement and extinguishing liquid refill ensure the continuity of the action. We illustrate the validity of the approach in Mediterranean scrub first computing the critical water flow rate according to the main factors involved in the evolution of a fire, then estimating the number of linear meters of active fire front that can be extinguished depending on the number of drones available and the amount of extinguishing fluid carried. A fire propagation cellular automata model is also employed to study the evolution of the fire. Simulation results suggest that the proposed system can provide the flow of water required to fight low-intensity and limited extent fires or to support current forest firefighting techniques.

Preliminary assessment of night vision goggles in airborne forest fire suppression

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sion Jennings ◽  
Greg Craig ◽  
Rob Erdos ◽  
Don Filiter ◽  
Bob Crowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Night Vision ◽  
Preliminary Assessment

New technologies for effective forest fire fighting

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
João C. M. Bordado ◽  
João F. P. Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fire Fighting

scholarly journals Extreme Wildfire occurrence in response to Global Change type Droughts in the Northern Mediterranean

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Ruffault ◽  
Thomas Curt ◽  
Nicolas K. Martin St-Paul ◽  
Vincent Moron ◽  
Ricardo M. Trigo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Fire Weather ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Wildfire Occurrence ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Mediterranean France

Abstract. Increasing drought conditions under global warming are expected to alter the frequency and distribution of large, high intensity wildfires. Yet, little is known regarding how it will affect fire weather and translate into wildfire behaviour. Here, we analysed the climatology of extreme wildfires that occurred during the exceptionally dry summers of 2003 and 2016 in Mediterranean France. We identified two distinct shifts in fire climatology towards fire weather spaces that had not been explored before, and which result from specific interactions between the types of drought and the types of fire. In 2016, a long-lasting press drought intensified wind-driven fires. In 2003, a hot drought combining a heatwave with a press drought intensified heat-driven fires. Our findings highlight that increasing drought conditions projected by climate change scenarios might affect the dryness of fuel compartments and create several new generations of wildfire overwhelming fire suppression capacities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document