Nonparametric estimation of stem volume using airborne laser scanning, aerial photography, and stand-register data

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Maltamo ◽  
J Malinen ◽  
P Packalén ◽  
A Suvanto ◽  
J Kangas
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Other Information

In forest management planning and forestry decision-making there is a continuous need for higher quality information on forest resources. The aim of this study was to improve the quality of forest resource information acquired by airborne laser scanning by combining it with aerial images and current stand-register data. A k-MSN (most similar neighbor) application was constructed for the prediction of the plot and stand volumes of standing trees. The application constructed used various data sources, including laser scanner data, aerial digital photographs, class variables describing a stand, and updated old stand volumes. The ability of these data sources to predict stem volume was tested together and separately. In the airborne laser scanner data based k-MSN application, characteristics of canopy quantiles were used as independent variables. The results show that with respect to individual plot and stand volume estimation approaches, the laser-based technique is a superior one. The results were improved further when other information sources were used together with the laser scanner data. Using a combination of laser scanner data, aerial images, and class variables (on the grounds of the current forest database) improved the root mean square error (RMSE) of the estimated plot volume by 15% (from 16% to 13%) as compared to using laser scanner data on their own. When the results were averaged at the stand level, the accuracy improved considerably, but the use of other information sources together with airborne laser scanner data did not further improve the results as it did at the plot level. The RMSE of stand volume was about 6% in all data combinations where airborne laser scanning information was used. One conclusion is that making use of additional available data sources together with laser material improves the reliability of plot volume estimates. As these additional data typically mean no extra material costs (since they are available in any case), making combined use of these data and laser scanner data improves the cost efficiency of a forest inventory.

scholarly journals Estimation of Vegetation-Induced Flow Resistance for Hydraulic Computations Using Airborne Laser Scanning Data

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Peter Mewis
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Density Parameter ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Bed Roughness ◽  
Available Information

The effect of vegetation in hydraulic computations can be significant. This effect is important for flood computations. Today, the necessary terrain information for flood computations is obtained by airborne laser scanning techniques. The quality and density of the airborne laser scanning information allows for more extensive use of these data in flow computations. In this paper, known methods are improved and combined into a new simple and objective procedure to estimate the hydraulic resistance of vegetation on the flow in the field. State-of-the-art airborne laser scanner information is explored to estimate the vegetation density. The laser scanning information provides the base for the calculation of the vegetation density parameter ωp using the Beer–Lambert law. In a second step, the vegetation density is employed in a flow model to appropriately account for vegetation resistance. The use of this vegetation parameter is superior to the common method of accounting for the vegetation resistance in the bed resistance parameter for bed roughness. The proposed procedure utilizes newly available information and is demonstrated in an example. The obtained values fit very well with the values obtained in the literature. Moreover, the obtained information is very detailed. In the results, the effect of vegetation is estimated objectively without the assignment of typical values. Moreover, a more structured flow field is computed with the flood around denser vegetation, such as groups of bushes. A further thorough study based on observed flow resistance is needed.

Detection of Building in Airborne Laser Scanner Data and Aerial Images

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Dilli Raj Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Spectral Information ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
World Population ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser

The automatic extraction of the objects from airborne laser scanner data and aerial images has been a topic of research for decades. Airborne laser scanner data are very efficient source for the detection of the buildings. Half of the world population lives in urban/suburban areas, so detailed, accurate and up-to-date building information is of great importance to every resident, government agencies, and private companies. The main objective of this paper is to extract the features for the detection of building using airborne laser scanner data and aerial images. To achieve this objective, a method of integration both LiDAR and aerial images has been explored: thus the advantages of both data sets are utilized to derive the buildings with high accuracy. Airborne laser scanner data contains accurate elevation information in high resolution which is very important feature to detect the elevated objects like buildings and the aerial image has spectral information and this spectral information is an appropriate feature to separate buildings from the trees. Planner region growing segmentation of LiDAR point cloud has been performed and normalized digital surface model (nDSM) is obtained by subtracting DTM from the DSM. Integration of the nDSM, aerial images and the segmented polygon features from the LiDAR point cloud has been carried out. The optimal features for the building detection have been extracted from the integration result. Mean height value of the nDSM, Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the standard deviation of the nDSM are the effective features. The accuracy assessment of the classification results obtained using the calculated attributes was done. Assessment result yielded an accuracy of almost 92 % explaining the features which are extracted by integrating the two data sets was large extent, effective for the automatic detection of the buildings.

scholarly journals Investigations on intra-annual elevation changes using multi-temporal airborne laser scanning data: case study Engabreen, Norway

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Geist ◽  
Hallgeir Elvehøy ◽  
Miriam Jackson ◽  
Johann Stötter
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Glacier Surface ◽  
Airborne Laser

AbstractKey issues of glacier monitoring are changes in glacier geometry and glacier mass. As accurate direct measurements are costly and time-consuming, the use of various remote-sensing data for glacier monitoring is explored. One technology used and described here is airborne laser scanning. The method enables the derivation of high-quality digital elevation models (DEMs) with a vertical and horizontal accuracy in the sub-metre range. Between September 2001 and August 2002, three laser scanner data acquisition flights were carried out, covering the whole area of Engabreen, Norway, and corresponding well to the measurement dates for the mass-balance year 2001/02. The data quality of the DEMs is assessed (e.g. by comparing the values with a control area which has been surveyed independently or GPS ground profiles measured during the flights). For the whole glacier, surface elevation change and consequently volume change is calculated, quantified and compared with traditional mass-balance data for the same time interval. For the winter term, emergence/submergence velocity is determined from laser scanner data and snow-depth data and is compared with velocity measurements at stakes. The investigations reveal the high potential of airborne laser scanning for measuring the extent and the topography of glaciers as well as changes in geometry (Δarea, Δvolume).

scholarly journals Airborne laser scanning and usefulness for hydrological models

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hollaus ◽  
W. Wagner ◽  
K. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Digital Terrain Models ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
Terrain Models ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Land Cover Maps

Abstract. Digital terrain models form the basis for distributed hydrologic models as well as for two-dimensional hydraulic river flood models. The technique used for generating high accuracy digital terrain models has shifted from stereoscopic aerial-photography to airborne laser scanning during the last years. Since the disastrous floods 2002 in Austria, large airborne laser-scanning flight campaigns have been carried out for several river basins. Additionally to the topographic information, laser scanner data offer also the possibility to estimate object heights (vegetation, buildings). Detailed land cover maps can be derived in conjunction with the complementary information provided by high-resolution colour-infrared orthophotos. As already shown in several studies, the potential of airborne laser scanning to provide data for hydrologic/hydraulic applications is high. These studies were mostly constraint to small test sites. To overcome this spatial limitation, the current paper summarises the experiences to process airborne laser scanner data for large mountainous regions, thereby demonstrating the applicability of this technique in real-world hydrological applications.

scholarly journals TOWARDS AUTOMATIC SINGLE-SENSOR MAPPING BY MULTISPECTRAL AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ahokas ◽  
J. Hyyppä ◽  
X. Yu ◽  
X. Liang ◽  
L. Matikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Mapping ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser

This paper describes the possibilities of the Optech Titan multispectral airborne laser scanner in the fields of mapping and forestry. Investigation was targeted to six land cover classes. Multispectral laser scanner data can be used to distinguish land cover classes of the ground surface, including the roads and separate road surface classes. For forest inventory using point cloud metrics and intensity features combined, total accuracy of 93.5% was achieved for classification of three main boreal tree species (pine, spruce and birch).When using intensity features – without point height metrics - a classification accuracy of 91% was achieved for these three tree species. It was also shown that deciduous trees can be further classified into more species. We propose that intensity-related features and waveform-type features are combined with point height metrics for forest attribute derivation in area-based prediction, which is an operatively applied forest inventory process in Scandinavia. It is expected that multispectral airborne laser scanning can provide highly valuable data for city and forest mapping and is a highly relevant data asset for national and local mapping agencies in the near future.

scholarly journals TOWARDS AUTOMATIC SINGLE-SENSOR MAPPING BY MULTISPECTRAL AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B3 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ahokas ◽  
J. Hyyppä ◽  
X. Yu ◽  
X. Liang ◽  
L. Matikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Inventory ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanning ◽  
Forest Mapping ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser

This paper describes the possibilities of the Optech Titan multispectral airborne laser scanner in the fields of mapping and forestry. Investigation was targeted to six land cover classes. Multispectral laser scanner data can be used to distinguish land cover classes of the ground surface, including the roads and separate road surface classes. For forest inventory using point cloud metrics and intensity features combined, total accuracy of 93.5% was achieved for classification of three main boreal tree species (pine, spruce and birch).When using intensity features – without point height metrics - a classification accuracy of 91% was achieved for these three tree species. It was also shown that deciduous trees can be further classified into more species. We propose that intensity-related features and waveform-type features are combined with point height metrics for forest attribute derivation in area-based prediction, which is an operatively applied forest inventory process in Scandinavia. It is expected that multispectral airborne laser scanning can provide highly valuable data for city and forest mapping and is a highly relevant data asset for national and local mapping agencies in the near future.

A semi-automatic method for indirect orientation of aerial images using ground control lines extracted from airborne laser scanner data

2014 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Daniel Rodrigues Dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Maria Garcia Tommaselli ◽  
Quintino Dalmolin ◽  
Edson Aparecido Mitishita
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Automatic Method ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Comme Suit ◽  
Airborne Laser

Cet article présente une méthode d’orientation indirecte d’images aériennes utilisant des lignes d’appui extraites des données d’un système laser aéroporté. Cette stratégie d’intégration de données a démontré son potentiel pour l’automatisation des travaux photogrammétriques, y compris pour l’orientation indirecte des images. La principale caractéristique de l’approche proposée est la possibilité de calculer automatiquement les paramètres d’orientation externe d’une ou plusieurs images au moyen d’une résection spatiale avec des données issues de différents capteurs. La méthode proposée procède comme suit. Les lignes droites sont d’abord extraites automatiquement dans l’image aérienne (s) et dans l’image d’intensités issues des données laser (S). La correspondance entre les lignes de s et S est ensuite établie de manière automatique. Un modèle de coplanarité permet d’estimer les paramètres d’orientation externe de la caméra grâce à un filtre de Kalman étendu itératif IEKF). La méthode a été développée et testée en utilisant desdonnées de différents capteurs. Des expériences ont été réalisées pour évaluer la méthode proposée. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’estimation des paramètres d’orientation externe est fonction de la précision de localisation dusystème laser.

Using Airborne Laser Scanner Data and CIR Orthophotos to Estimate the Stem Volume of Forest Stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Straub ◽  
Matthias Dees ◽  
Holger Weinacker ◽  
Barbara Koch
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Stem Volume ◽  
Scanner Data ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Airborne Laser Scanner ◽  
Airborne Laser
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