Soil respiration and soil carbon balance in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Fahey ◽  
G L Tierney ◽  
R D Fitzhugh ◽  
G F Wilson ◽  
T G Siccama
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Root Exudation ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
C Balance

Soil C fluxes were measured in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest to provide insights into the C balance of soils at this long-term study site. Soil CO2 emission (FCO2) was estimated using a univariate exponential model as a function of soil temperature based on 23 measurement dates over 5 years. Annual FCO2 for the undisturbed northern hardwood forest was estimated at 660 ± 54 g C·m–2·year–1. Low soil moisture significantly reduced FCO2 on three of the measurement dates. The proportion of FCO2 derived from the forest floor horizons was estimated empirically to be about 58%. We estimated that respiration of root tissues contributed about 40% of FCO2, with a higher proportion for mineral soil (46%) than for forest floor (35%). Soil C-balance calculations, based upon evidence that major soil C pools are near steady state at this site, indicated a large C flux associated with root exudation plus allocation to mycorrhizal fungi (80 g C·m–2·year–1, or 17% of total root C allocation); however, uncertainty in this estimate is high owing especially to high error bounds for root respiration flux. The estimated proportion of FCO2 associated with autotrophic activity (52%) was comparable with that reported elsewhere (56%).

Sulfur speciation, vertical distribution, and seasonal variation in a northern hardwood forest soil, U.S.A

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Dhamala ◽  
M.J. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Sulfur Speciation

Sulfur biogeochemistry of a northern hardwood forest soil in Bear Brook Watershed, Maine, was studied utilizing 35S in situ. The objectives of study were to characterize different S pools, their vertical distribution, and seasonal variation. Soil cores were used at the field and treated with 35SO42−. The distribution of total and C-bonded S followed a typical pattern of decreasing concentration with soil depth. More than 86% of total 35S added was retained by the soil. Most of the 35S activity was in the organic S pool (up to 73 and 20% of total 35S in C-bonded S and ester-sulfate forms, respectively) in both the forest floor and the mineral soil horizons. Ester sulfate increased with depth from 5.3 to 25.5% of total S. During the summer the relative importance of mineralization to immobilization decreased. Inorganic sulfate was the smallest S pool. However, higher specific activity and turnover rate of the inorganic 35SO42− pool than organic 35S pool indicated that S concentration and solution flux were more regulated by abiotic (adsorption and desorption) than biotic (mineralization and immobilization) processes.

Seasonal and spatial patterns of S, Ca, and N dynamics of a Northern Hardwood forest ecosystem

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron J. Mitchell ◽  
Marianne K. Burke ◽  
James P. Shepard
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Northern Hardwood

scholarly journals Short-Term Temperature Response in Forest Floor and Soil to Ice Storm Disturbance in a Northern Hardwood Forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gene E. Likens ◽  
Brian K. Dresser ◽  
Donald C. Buso
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Reference Site ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Northern Hardwood ◽  
Open Site

Abstract Significant changes in the temperature of forest floor and soil of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest occurred as a result of canopy damage caused by a major ice storm in Jan. 1998. The summertime patterns among open, brush-pile, and reference sites were clear and repeatable: (1) air temperatures at all sites peaked at about the same time each day although the average open-site values were 1 to 4°C higher; (2) the pattern at 2- and 15-cm [0.8- and 5.9-in.] depths was similar to air; (3) the open value was 5 to 9 and 6 to 10°C higher than that in the reference site and brush-pile sites, respectively; (4) there was a lag of ∼0.3 hours for daily peak temperatures between the air and 2-cm depth, and ∼3.3 hours between the daily maximum temperature at 2- and 15-cm depth for the open sites; (5) the open site temperature at both 2- and 15-cm depth was ∼2°C higher than reference and brush-pile temperatures (average daily temperature for the brush-pile site rose to be roughly equal to that in the open site in Aug. 1999 and Aug. 2000, while the reference site remained about 2°C lower); (6) small, but not statistically significant, changes were observed at the 50-cm [19.7-in.] depth where the open site was ∼1°C higher than the brush-pile or reference sites; and (7) regrowth of vegetation in the canopy gaps during the first 3 years reduced forest floor temperatures to or below the temperature at the 2-cm depth in the reference site. These results have potential ecological importance to the northern hardwood forest ecosystem. North. J. Appl. For. 21(4):209 –219.

scholarly journals The Northern hardwood forest ecosystem: ten years of recovery from clearcutting

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Hornbeck ◽  
C.W. Martin ◽  
R.S. Pierce ◽  
F.H. Bormann ◽  
G.E. Likens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood Forest ◽  
Northern Hardwood
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document