A model of fragmentation in the Canadian boreal forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2248-2262 ◽  
Author(s):  
T L Tchir ◽  
E A Johnson ◽  
K Miyanishi
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Process Model ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Glacial Till ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Aspen Forest ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest ◽  
Percolation Processes ◽  
Agricultural Settlement

Ecological studies have generally examined forest fragmentation in terms of descriptive metrics or simulation using Monte Carlo or percolation processes that assume fragmentation is a random process. However, most fragmentation results from human decisions on agricultural settlement. This study used a previously tested rule-based agricultural settlement process model (GEOMOD2) to describe which parts of a boreal forest landscape are selectively cleared for agriculture. Nearness to neighbors, amount of stoniness, soil type, and soil texture best explained the fragmentation process. To compare settler's decisions on the productivity of the landscape with moisture–nutrient gradients, we used a hydrological topographic index to capture the variability of wetness according to hillslope position. Results showed that settlers were selecting higher hillslope positions irrespective of substrate (glaciolacustrine or glacial till); i.e., they appear to have used observable attributes such as stoniness, soil texture, and hillslope position rather than soil productivity in making settlement decisions. Thus, the species richer upper hillslopes of aspen parkland (glaciolacustrine) and aspen and white spruce forest (glacial till) were settled first, while the species poorer lower hillslopes of aspen forest (glaciolacustrine) and white spruce and balsam fir forest (glacial till) were settled later.

Climatic determinants of white spruce cone crops in the boreal forest of southwestern Yukon

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Krebs ◽  
J.M. LaMontagne ◽  
A.J. Kenney ◽  
S. Boutin
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Surprising Result ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

White spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) cone crops were measured from 1986 to 2011 in the Kluane region of southwestern Yukon to test the hypothesis that the size of cone crops could be predicted from spring and summer temperature and rainfall of years t, t – 1, and t – 2. We counted cones in the top 3 m of an average of 700 white spruce trees each year spread over 3–14 sites along 210 km of the Alaska Highway and the Haines Highway. We tested the conventional explanation for white spruce cone crops that implicates summer temperatures and rainfall in years t and t – 1 and rejected it, since it explained very little of the variation in our 26 years of data. We used exploratory data analysis with robust multiple regressions coupled with Akaike’s information criterion corrected (AICc) analysis to determine the best statistical model to predict the size of cone crops. We could statistically explain 54% of the variation in cone crops from July and August temperatures of years t – 1 and t – 2 and May precipitation of year t – 2. There was no indication of a periodicity in cone crops, and years of large cone crops were synchronous over the Kluane region with few exceptions. This is the first quantitative model developed for the prediction of white spruce cone crops in the Canadian boreal forest and has the surprising result that weather conditions 2 years prior to the cone crop are the most significant predictors.

scholarly journals The Soil Organic Matter in Connection with Soil Properties and Soil Inputs

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Václav Voltr ◽  
Ladislav Menšík ◽  
Lukáš Hlisnikovský ◽  
Martin Hruška ◽  
Eduard Pokorný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Linear Regression Models

The content of organic matter in the soil, its labile (hot water extractable carbon–HWEC) and stable (soil organic carbon–SOC) form is a fundamental factor affecting soil productivity and health. The current research in soil organic matter (SOM) is focused on individual fragmented approaches and comprehensive evaluation of HWEC and SOC changes. The present state of the soil together with soil’s management practices are usually monitoring today but there has not been any common model for both that has been published. Our approach should help to assess the changes in HWEC and SOC content depending on the physico-chemical properties and soil´s management practices (e.g., digestate application, livestock and mineral fertilisers, post-harvest residues, etc.). The one- and multidimensional linear regressions were used. Data were obtained from the various soil´s climatic conditions (68 localities) of the Czech Republic. The Czech farms in operating conditions were observed during the period 2008–2018. The obtained results of ll monitored experimental sites showed increasing in the SOC content, while the HWEC content has decreased. Furthermore, a decline in pH and soil´s saturation was documented by regression modelling. Mainly digestate application was responsible for this negative consequence across all soils in studied climatic regions. The multivariate linear regression models (MLR) also showed that HWEC content is significantly affected by natural soil fertility (soil type), phosphorus content (−30%), digestate application (+29%), saturation of the soil sorption complex (SEBCT, 21%) and the dose of total nitrogen (N) applied into the soil (−20%). Here we report that the labile forms (HWEC) are affected by the application of digestate (15%), the soil saturation (37%), the application of mineral potassium (−7%), soil pH (−14%) and the overall condition of the soil (−27%). The stable components (SOM) are affected by the content of HWEC (17%), soil texture 0.01–0.001mm (10%), and input of organic matter and nutrients from animal production (10%). Results also showed that the mineral fertilization has a negative effect (−14%), together with the soil depth (−11%), and the soil texture 0.25–2 mm (−21%) on SOM. Using modern statistical procedures (MRLs) it was confirmed that SOM plays an important role in maintaining resp. improving soil physical, biochemical and biological properties, which is particularly important to ensure the productivity of agroecosystems (soil quality and health) and to future food security.

Two new species of Oidiodendron from boreal forest soils

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. A. Morrall
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Nomen Dubium ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

Oidiodendron periconioides Morrall sp. nov. and O. chlamydosporicum Morrall sp. nov. are described from Canadian boreal forest soils. O. gracile Zhdanova is considered to be a nomen dubium.

Radial Growth Decline of White Spruce (Picea glauca) During Hot Summers without Drought: Preliminary Results from a Study Site South of a Boreal Forest Border

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Lapenis ◽  
George Robinson ◽  
Gregory B. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Southern Limit ◽  
Central New York ◽  
Growth Decline ◽  
Hot Days

Here we investigate the possible<sup></sup> future response of white spruce (Picea glauca) to a warmer climate by studying trees planted 90 years ago near the southern limit of their climate tolerance in central New York, 300 km south of the boreal forest where this species is prevalent. We employed high-frequency recording dendrometers to determine radial growth phenology of six mature white spruce trees during 2013-2017. Results demonstrate significant reductions in the length of radial growth periods inversely proportional to the number of hot days with air temperature exceeding 30 oC. During years with very hot summers, the start of radial growth began about 3 days earlier than the 2013-2017 average. However, in those same years the end of radial growth was also about 17 days earlier resulting in a shorter (70 versus 100 day), radial growth season. Abundant (350-500 mm) summer precipitation, which resulted in soil moisture values of 20-30% allowed us to dismiss drought as a factor. Instead, a likely cause of reduced radial growth was mean temperature that exceeded daily average of 30<sup> o</sup>C that lead to photoinhibition.

Fungi of the Canadian boreal forest region: Catulus aquilonius gen. et sp.nov., a hyperparasite on Seuratia millardetii

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (19) ◽  
pp. 2344-2347 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Malloch ◽  
C. T. Rogerson
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest ◽  
Boreal Forest Region

A new genus and species of ascomycetes, Catulus aquilonius, is described, illustrated, and tentatively assigned to the Mycosphaerellaceae. It grows as a parasite on stromata of Seuratia millardetii (Raciborski) Meeker and is characterized by two-celled, setulose ascospores.

scholarly journals Large-area mapping of Canadian boreal forest cover, height, biomass and other structural attributes using Landsat composites and lidar plots

2018 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giona Matasci ◽  
Txomin Hermosilla ◽  
Michael A. Wulder ◽  
Joanne C. White ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

Integrating accessibility and intactness into large-area conservation planning in the Canadian boreal forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Powers ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
Trisalyn Nelson ◽  
Michael A. Wulder ◽  
C. Ronnie Drever
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

scholarly journals Fire deficit increases wildfire risk for many communities in the Canadian boreal forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc-André Parisien ◽  
Quinn E. Barber ◽  
Kelvin G. Hirsch ◽  
Christopher A. Stockdale ◽  
Sandy Erni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Wildfire Risk ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest
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