Short-term use of different residual forest structures by three sciurid species in a clear-cut boreal landscape

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1805-1815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Côté ◽  
Jean Ferron
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Flying Squirrel ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Eastern Chipmunk ◽  
Northern Flying Squirrel ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Riparian Strips

We compared the abundance of red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben), northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus Shaw), and eastern chipmunk (Tamias striatus L.) in three types of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) residual forest 3 to 5 years after logging (upland strips, riparian strips, and forest blocks) in central Quebec, Canada. Controls consisted of mature forest undisturbed by forestry practices. Despite their sporadic occurrence, northern flying squirrels and eastern chipmunks were captured in the three residual forest types as well as in control sites. Red squirrels inhabited all types of residual forest and no differences in densities were found between residual forest treatments and controls. Juvenile recruitment, return rate (survival), and body mass were also similar for red squirrels in all treatments. However, midden abundance was higher in controls and blocks than in strips. In the short term, red squirrel populations maintain themselves in all types of residual black spruce forests after logging. The northern flying squirrel and the eastern chipmunk appear to tolerate the presence of logging disturbances and are present at low density in the different types of residual forests.

SEASONAL DAMAGE BY INSECTS AND SQUIRRELS TO FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES OF BLACK SPRUCE, PICEA MARIANA (MILL.) B.S.P.

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (12) ◽  
pp. 1113-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.H. Prévost ◽  
J.E. Laing ◽  
V.F. Haavisto
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Cone Axis ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Cone Growth

AbstractThe seasonal damage to female reproductive structures (buds, flowers, and cones) of black spruce, Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P., was assessed during 1983 and 1984. Nineteen insects (five Orders) and the red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus (Erxleben), were found feeding on these reproductive structures. Collectively, these organisms damaged 88.9 and 53.5% of the cones in 1983 and 1984, respectively. In the 2 years, Lepidoptera damaged 61.8% of the cones in 1983 and 44.4% of the cones in 1984. The spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.), and the spruce coneworm, Dioryctria reniculelloides Mut. and Mun., were the most important pests. Cones damaged by Lepidoptera could be classed into three categories: (a) severe, yielding no seeds; (b) moderate, yielding 22.3 seeds per cone; and (c) light, yielding 37.5 seeds per cone. Undamaged cones yielded on average 39.9 seeds per cone. Red squirrels removed 18.8% of the cones in 1983 and none in 1984. The spruce cone axis midge, Dasineura rachiphaga Tripp, and the spruce cone maggot, Lasiomma anthracinum (Czerny), caused minor damage in both years. Feeding by spruce cone axis midge did not reduce cone growth significantly or the number of viable seeds per cone, but feeding by the spruce cone maggot did. During both years new damage by insects to the female reproductive structures of the experimental trees was not observed after mid-July. In 1983 damage by red squirrels occurred from early to late September. In 1984 damage to cones on trees treated with dimethoate was 15.6% compared with 53.5% for untreated trees, without an increase in the number of aborted cones.

Effects of a recent wildfire and clearcuts on ground-dwelling boreal forest spider assemblages

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 2575-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Larrivée ◽  
Lenore Fahrig ◽  
Pierre Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Forestry Practices ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
Web Building

Ground-dwelling spider (Araneae) assemblages were compared between recent clearcuts and burned black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forests. Spiders were sampled using pitfall traps placed in 6 recently burned sites, 6 recently clear-cut sites, and 6 undisturbed sites in eastern Quebec, Canada. A total of 2935 individuals from 95 spider species were identified. Catch rates for hunting spiders were significantly higher in the clear-cut stands than in the burned stands, but between-stand species turnover of hunting spiders was twice as high in the burned stands as in the clear-cut stands. Web-building spiders had similar catch rates in the three stand types, but had the highest species turnover and gamma diversity in the undisturbed sites. Correspondence analysis showed that the composition of the spider assemblages varied among the three types of stands. Spider assemblages found in clearcuts were associated with environmental variables reflecting dry, open, disturbed forest floor, while assemblages found in burned stands were correlated with high percentages of shrub cover and dried moss–lichen substrate and deeper litter. We conclude that ground-living spider assemblages in boreal forest respond very differently to clearcuts and fires and we suggest modifications to present forestry practices to create disturbances that are more similar to wildfires.

Effect of temperature and acclimation upon FFA levels in three species of rodents

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Homer Ferguson ◽  
G. Edgar Folk Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Rats And Mice

Free fatty acid (FFA) levels were determined in warm- and cold-acclimated white rats, mice, and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). FFA concentrations of the genetically cold-adapted species (red squirrel) were highest and reflect its ability to maintain high metabolic rates reported by others. In the red squirrels, FFA concentrations were elevated after cold acclimation. Acclimation of white rats and mice had no effect on FFA levels. Short-term cold exposure (−35 °C) caused the FFA levels to rise in all three species. Cold-exposed mice were found to be highest in plasma FFA content. The ability of the red squirrels to mobilize FFA during short-term exposure was enhanced by cold acclimation. The response of rats and mice to cold exposure was not changed by acclimation. This would indicate a greater capacity of the red squirrel to respond to acclimating conditions.

Cone depredations by the red squirrel in black spruce stands in Newfoundland: implications for commercial cone collection

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1207-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. West
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Spruce Stands

The proportions of black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) cones per tree that were removed by red squirrels, Tamiasciurushudsonicus (Erxleben), in years with small cone crops (1985–1987) ranged from 15 to 64% by the end of August and from 64 to 96% by the beginning of October, whereas in a year with a good cone crop (1988), less than 1% of cones had been taken by October. To minimize depredation of cones by squirrels, commercial cone collecting is recommended for a short period beginning in late August during years with small cone crops, whereas a lengthy period of commercial cone collection beginning in late August is suggested for years with large cone crops.

scholarly journals Consumption of Truffles and other Fungi by the American Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and the Eastern Chipmunk (Tamias striatus) (Sciuridae) in Northwestern Ontario

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelin N. Teron ◽  
Leonard J. Hutchison
Keyword(s):  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Tamias Striatus ◽  
Eastern Chipmunk ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Thunder Bay ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fungal Tissue

Faecal matter collected from the American Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) and the Eastern Chipmunk (Tamias striatus) on the campus of Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario, was examined for the presence of consumed fungal tissue. A total of 14 faecal samples were collected from live-trapped animals over six trapping periods (19 June to 25 September 2010). Eight samples contained intact remains of spores representative of hypogeous truffle fungi found in the genera Elaphomyces, Gautieria, Hymenogaster, Hysterangium, and Leucangium, as well as spores of epigeous mushrooms found in the orders Boletales and Pezizales and possibly in the family Tricholomataceae of the Agaricales. The results of this brief survey suggest not only the importance of mycophagy in the diet of American Red Squirrels and Eastern Chipmunks in the boreal mixed wood forests of northwestern Ontario but also the important role played by sciurids in vectoring spores of truffle fungi in this region.

Nest predation and breeding activity of songbirds in riparian and nonriparian black spruce strips of central Quebec

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 922-930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marylène Boulet ◽  
Marcel Darveau ◽  
Louis Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Nest Predation ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Breeding Birds ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Pass System ◽  
Breeding Activity ◽  
Gray Jays ◽  
Riparian Strips

The black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) forests of Quebec are often harvested according to a single-pass system where clearcuts are separated by 20- to 60-m-wide forest strips. Little is known about the suitability of these strips as habitats for breeding birds. We selected five nonriparian strips, five riparian strips, and five forest control sites located in a forested area of central Quebec. During 1997–1998, we monitored the predation of artificial bird nests baited with a common quail (Coturnix coturnix L.) egg and a plasticine egg and the breeding activity of adult songbirds in strips and controls. Artificial nest predation was high in all sites (72%). The most common predators were specialists of mature coniferous forests: gray jays (Perisoreus canadensis L.) and red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben). In forest-dwelling bird species, the number of breeding pairs was lower in strips than in controls. We conclude that the small number of forest-dwelling breeding birds observed in strips is not related to an increase in predation pressure following harvest of adjacent forests and that forest strips are not suitable breeding habitats for these species.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Strongyloides robustus in tree squirrels (Sciuridae) in South-Central Pennsylvania and potential impacts for the endangered northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Jessica L Espenshade ◽  
Richard L Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Sciurus Carolinensis ◽  
Glaucomys Sabrinus ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Flying Squirrel ◽  
Northern Flying Squirrel ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central Pennsylvania

Strongyloides robustus is a unique parasite that has conservation impacts for sciurid populations in North America. In some squirrel species, like the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans), the eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), pathology is relatively benign. However in the northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus), S. robustus infestation can result in high mortality. The objective of this project was to survey the prevalence of S. robustus within the squirrel species currently found in south- central Pennsylvania so that the risk to the northern flying squirrel could be evaluated in light of the parasite mediated competition hypothesis. Fecal samples from eastern gray, red, and southern flying squirrels were obtained through nest boxes, road kills and hunting. A modified Sheather’s sugar floatation was prepared with a specific gravity of 1.27 to evaluate parasite prevalence. Ten of the 40 nest boxes examined had flying squirrel evidence in the form of feces deposited within the nest. Strongyloides robustus was present in 30% of the 10 samples. The prevalence of S. robustus was 77.3% in the 22 road-killed and hunter-killed eastern gray squirrels. The single hunter-killed red squirrel examined in this study demonstrated S. robustus infestation. This study evaluated infection in possible reservoirs that are understudied in Pennsylvania and supported the idea of parasite mediated competition.

Use of track transects to measure the relative occurrence of some boreal mammals in uncut forest and regeneration stands

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1816-1823 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Thompson ◽  
I. J. Davidson ◽  
S. O'Donnell ◽  
F. Brazeau
Keyword(s):  
Red Fox ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Second Growth

Tracks of marten (Martes americana), lynx (Felis lynx), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), ermine (Mustela erminea), snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus), and red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) were censused from 1980 to 1985 on 1-km transects in uncut stands and on eight sites that had been clear-cut between 1 and 33 years ago, in boreal mixedwood habitat near Manitouwadge, Ontario. Marten tracks were more common in uncut areas than in younger stands. Lynx tracks were most abundant on sites that were logged 20–30 years ago and were absent in uncut areas and stands less than 5 years old. Counts of red fox tracks were lowest in uncut stands and showed no consistent pattern among years of our survey with respect to stand age in second-growth forest. Hare tracks were most abundant in 20- and 30-year-old stands, and least abundant in stands less than 5 years old. Red squirrels were most common in uncut areas, but similar high values were also found in 20- and 30-year-old sites during 3 years when populations in the area were depressed. No selection of stands by age was seen for ermine. Numbers of tracks were significantly correlated with live captures of marten, hare, and red squirrels. Our results suggested that track abundance can be used as an index of habitat preferences and population trends. Highest counts were achieved in December for marten, red squirrel, and ermine, likely as a result of several types of over-winter mortality and inactivity in cold weather, which may have reduced counts in January and March. As a result of high and nonhomogeneous variance among transects and years, nonparametric statistical analysis was required. Transect length for fox and lynx should be substantially longer than 1 km (probably 3–5 km) to avoid numerous zero results.

Short-term impacts of forest clear-cut on P accessibility in soil microaggregates: An oxygen isotope study

Geoderma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Siebers ◽  
Sara L. Bauke ◽  
Federica Tamburini ◽  
Wulf Amelung
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Isotope ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Isotope Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document