Degradation of hydrocarbons in crude oil by the ascomycetePseudallescheria boydii(Microascaceae)

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
T M April ◽  
S P Abbott ◽  
J M Foght ◽  
R S Currah
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cattle Dung ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Pseudallescheria Boydii ◽  
Internally Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Four unique strains of Pseudallescheria boydii were isolated from oil-soaked soils in British Columbia and Alberta and compared to strains from cattle dung and raw sewage. Considerable variability in morphology, colony appearance, colony diameter, and temperature tolerance occurred among the strains. They also varied in the sporogenous states produced in culture; all strains had a Scedosporium anamorph and either the Graphium anamorph or cleistothecial teleomorph. Conspecificity of the six isolates was inferred from their morphology and supported by restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles of the internally transcribed spacer region of rDNA and comparing these to Petriella sordida, a similar taxon in the Microascaceae. Three of the strains isolated from oil-contaminated soil and the strain from sewage were tested for their ability to utilize hydrocarbons by incubation with Prudhoe Bay Crude oil as the sole carbon source. Gas chromatographic analysis of the residual oil revealed that the strains isolated from oil-contaminated soil degraded the linear aliphatics. The strain from sewage, previously shown by others to utilize the volatile n-alkanes (i.e., ethane, propane, and butane), did not utilize the liquid saturate compounds. None of the strains was observed to degrade compounds in the aromatic fraction. Pseudallescheria boydii may be an important agent for in situ bioremediation of saturates in oil-contaminated sites.Key words: bioremediation, filamentous fungi, Graphium, hydrocarbon degradation, Scedosporium.

The mutagenicity of a Prudhoe Bay crude oil and its residues from an experimental in situ burn

1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.P. Sheppard ◽  
R.A. Wells ◽  
P.E. Georghiou
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Microbial degradation of organic sulfur compounds in Prudhoe Bay crude oil

1983 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Fedorak ◽  
D. W. S. Westlake
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Organic Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Sulfur Heterocycles ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Oil Tanker ◽  
Two Populations

Water samples from three different marine environments in Washington State were challenged with Prudhoe Bay crude oil and incubated at 8 °C with aeration. Some cultures were supplemented with NH4NO3 and phosphate and after various lengths of time, up to 27 days, the residual oil was extracted and fractionated using silica gel columns. The aromatic fraction was analyzed by capillary gas chromatography using a sulfur-specific flame photometric detector. The oil contained alkylbenzo[b]thiophenes, dibenzothiophene, and C1- and C2-dibenzothiophenes and the degradation of these was monitored. Many of the sulfur heterocycles were metabolized without nutrient supplementation although the number and extent of the compounds degraded increased with nutrient addition. The order of susceptibility of the sulfur heterocycles in homologous series was found to be the following: C2-benzo[b]thiophenes > C3-benzothiophenes; dibenzothiophene > C1-dibenzothiophenes > C2-dibenzothiophenes. With nutrient supplementation, the microbial population from a harbor area metabolized the sulfur compounds more readily than those from near an oil tanker dock or from a pristine state park beach. Without supplementation, the population from the tanker dock area degraded many fewer sulfur heterocycles than the other two populations.

scholarly journals A Feasibility Study for Assessment of In-situ Bioremediation Potential of a Crude Oil Degrading Pseudomonas Consortium

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mittal ◽  
P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Microcosm Study ◽  
Spilled Oil ◽  
Indigenous Microflora ◽  
Mixed Bacterial Consortium

A microcosm study evaluating inoculums addition of mixed bacterial consortium to stimulate in-situ bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil was conducted. In feasibility study, out of five treatments the application of bacterial consortium, nutrients and environmental factors resulted in 79.16% removal of TPH in 60 days, compared to 30.24% removal of TPH carried out by indigenous microflora. Gas chromatograms of original spilled oil and bioremediated oil by the addition of developed consortium shows that Pr/Ph ratio decreased progressively from 2.358 to 1.626. The results showed that the ratio of di/tri aromatics decreased from initial 0.63 to 0.25 with progressive treatment of nutrient addition, as nutrient + tilling, nutrient + tilling + microbial seeding. Similar effect was observed in di/di + tri aromatics ratios which also decreased 0.31 to 0.20 by bioaugmentation only.  Keywords: Hydrocarbons; Pseudomonas; Biodegradation; Gas Chromatogram. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2601                 J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 127-137 (2010) 

IN SITU BURNING OF ALASKA NORTH SLOPE EMULSIONS

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian A. Buist ◽  
Nick Glover
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
North Slope ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Water Contents ◽  
Meso Scale

ABSTRACT The onset of water-in-oil emulsion formation in an oil slick often signals the closing of the window of opportunity for in-situ burning as a countermeasure. Water contents in excess of 25 percent in a stable emulsion generally preclude ignition of the slick. A study of in-situ burning of water-in-oil emulsions formed by weathered Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil has recently been completed by Alaska Clean Seas. The study consisted of three phases: laboratory-scale burns in Ottawa in a 0.13 m2 burn ring, small-scale burns in Prudhoe Bay in 1.2 m2 and 3.3 m2 pans, and meso-scale burns in a 69 m2 circle of 3M Fire Boom in a water-filled pit at Prudhoe Bay. The laboratory-scale tests showed that stable, weathered ANS crude emulsions could be ignited in-situ using conventional gelled fuel igniters only up to a water content of 25 percent. The combination of adding an oilfield emulsion breaker, Petrolite EXO 0894, and the use of gelled crude oil as an alternate igniter fuel, permitted ignition and efficient combustion of weathered ANS emulsions with water contents of 65 percent, the maximum achievable. The small-scale pan tests conducted in Prudhoe Bay proved the same: that normally unignitable emulsions of weathered ANS crude, up to 65 percent water content, could be successfully ignited and efficiently burned outdoors at 0° to 5°C in winds up to 32 km/h with the application of EXO 0894 one hour prior to ignition. Tests with the Helitorch igniter system suspended from a crane showed that a mixture of gelled gasoline and crude oil was the most effective ignition fuel for the emulsions. Attempts were made to ignite emulsion slicks with gelled igniter fuels containing the emulsion breaker; but this technique did not prove as effective as pre-mixing the breaker into the slick. These tests also indicated that the emulsion burns produced a lighter smoke than that from crude oil. Three meso-scale experimental burns were carried out: one involved approximately 13 m3 (80 bbl) of fresh ANS crude as a baseline; one used about 8 m3 (50 bbl) of a stable 50 percent water-in-weathered crude emulsion; and, the final burn was done with 17 m3 (105 bbl) of stable 60 percent water content emulsion. The oil removal efficiency for the fresh crude oil burn was approximately 98 percent. The oil removal efficiencies for the 50 and 60 percent water emulsions were 97 and 96 percent respectively.

The Study of Residual Oil Gasification into Methane

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 523-526
Author(s):  
Heng Yu Hu ◽  
Dong Feng Zhao ◽  
Qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Oil Reservoir ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Anaerobic Bottle ◽  
Headspace Gas ◽  
Reservoir Conditions ◽  
Gasification Technology

The residual oil in situ microbial gasification technology is a new method to extend the life of oil reservoir, which means using the microbial to transform petroleum hydrocarbons into methane under anaerobic conditions, then the oil reservoir can be exploited or stored in situ. 50ml samples were added to 120ml sterile anaerobic bottle, at the same time, residual oxygen was removed under a gentle stream of high purity nitrogen by Hungate, then the bottle was filled tightly with rubber stoppers to remain strictly anaerobic state. These samples were placed in the incubator in dark condition. 100 days later, methane was detected by gas chromatography analyzing headspace gas, so it is used as inoculum for enrichment culture. 5ml inoculum above mentioned was added to the oil reservoir conditions simulated reactors. The ones with 10ml crude oil sample is (Y), the ones without crude oil sample is (N), at the same time, 10ml inorganic salt culture medium was added to each reactor.

In situ microbial and phytoremediation of crude oil contaminated soil by Cynodon sp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nivedita Shivkumar Iyer ◽  
Dharamendra D. Mandaliya ◽  
Shailesh R. Dave
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil
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