Effects of the invasive plant garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) on bacterial communities in a northern hardwood forest soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Burke ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alliaria Petiolata ◽  
Garlic Mustard ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial

We compared the effects of the invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) and 2 native plants on soil bacterial communities in a mature mesophytic forest. Soil samples were collected from plant patches containing either Alliaria or the native plants Allium tricoccum (wild leek) and Gallium triflorum (bedstraw). Since Alliaria litter contains secondary compounds that have reported antimicrobial properties, soil was collected outside the root zone of the plants but within the plant patches such that the soil would have been influenced by the litter of the respective plant species but not by plant roots. DNA was extracted from the soil samples and used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene region using bacterial specific primers. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) profiles of each bacterial community were used to examine differences in bacterial communities among the plant species and between August and April sampling. Bacterial richness, evenness, and diversity were not significantly affected by plant species. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMS) suggested that differences existed between August and April sampling, but that plant species litter exerted a much weaker effect on soil bacterial communities. Soil physiochemical conditions were significantly correlated with soil bacterial communities and may underlie the observed seasonal changes in bacterial communities.

scholarly journals The role of ecosystem engineers in shaping the diversity and function of arid soil bacterial communities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Capucine Baubin ◽  
Arielle M. Farrell ◽  
Adam Šťovíček ◽  
Lusine Ghazaryan ◽  
Itamar Giladi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Ecosystem Engineers ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Desert Ecosystems ◽  
Arid Soil ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTEcosystem engineers (EEs) are present in every environment and are known to strongly influence ecological processes and thus shape the distribution of species and resources. In this study, we assessed the direct and indirect effect of two EEs (perennial shrubs and ant nests), individually and combined, on the composition and function of arid soil bacterial communities. To that end, top soil samples were collected in the Negev Desert Highlands during the dry season from four patch types: (1) barren soil; (2) under shrubs; (3) near ant nests; or (4) near ant nests situated under shrubs. The bacterial composition was evaluated in the soil samples (fourteen replicates per patch type) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, together with physico-chemical measures of the soil, and the potential functions of the community. We have found that the EEs differently affected the community composition. Indeed, barren patches supported a soil microbiome, dominated by Rubrobacter and Proteobacteria, while in EE patches the Deinococcus-Thermus phylum was dominating. The presence of the EEs similarly enhanced the abundance of phototrophic, nitrogen cycle and stress- related genes. In addition, only when both EEs were combined, were the soil characteristics altered. Our results imply that arid landscapes foster unique communities selected by each EE(s), solo or in combination, yet these communities have similar potential biological traits to persist under the harsh arid conditions. Environments with multiple EEs are complicated to study due to the possibility of non-additive effects of EEs and thus further research should be done.IMPORTANCEEcosystem engineers are organisms that can create, modify, or maintain their habitat. They are present in various environments but are particularly conspicuous in desert ecosystems, where their presence is tightly linked to vital resources like water or nutrients. Despite their key role in structuring and controlling desert ecosystems, joint engineering, and their effect on soil function, are unknown. Our study explores the contributions of key ecosystem engineers to the diversity and function of their soil microbiome allowing better understanding of their role in shaping habitats and engineering their activity

scholarly journals Pre-exposure to drought increases the resistance of tropical forest soil bacterial communities to extended drought

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Bouskill ◽  
Hsiao Chien Lim ◽  
Sharon Borglin ◽  
Rohit Salve ◽  
Tana E Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Tropical Forest Soil ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Functional Profiling and Distribution of the Forest Soil Bacterial Communities Along the Soil Mycorrhizosphere Continuum

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Uroz ◽  
P. E. Courty ◽  
J. C. Pierrat ◽  
M. Peter ◽  
M. Buée ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Functional Profiling ◽  
Soil Bacterial

scholarly journals Impact of Logging and Forest Conversion to Oil Palm Plantations on Soil Bacterial Communities in Borneo

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (23) ◽  
pp. 7290-7297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Lee-Cruz ◽  
David P. Edwards ◽  
Binu M. Tripathi ◽  
Jonathan M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Soil Bacterial

ABSTRACTTropical forests are being rapidly altered by logging and cleared for agriculture. Understanding the effects of these land use changes on soil bacteria, which constitute a large proportion of total biodiversity and perform important ecosystem functions, is a major conservation frontier. Here we studied the effects of logging history and forest conversion to oil palm plantations in Sabah, Borneo, on the soil bacterial community. We used paired-end Illumina sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, V3 region, to compare the bacterial communities in primary, once-logged, and twice-logged forest and land converted to oil palm plantations. Bacteria were grouped into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 97% similarity level, and OTU richness and local-scale α-diversity showed no difference between the various forest types and oil palm plantations. Focusing on the turnover of bacteria across space, true β-diversity was higher in oil palm plantation soil than in forest soil, whereas community dissimilarity-based metrics of β-diversity were only marginally different between habitats, suggesting that at large scales, oil palm plantation soil could have higher overall γ-diversity than forest soil, driven by a slightly more heterogeneous community across space. Clearance of primary and logged forest for oil palm plantations did, however, significantly impact the composition of soil bacterial communities, reflecting in part the loss of some forest bacteria, whereas primary and logged forests did not differ in composition. Overall, our results suggest that the soil bacteria of tropical forest are to some extent resilient or resistant to logging but that the impacts of forest conversion to oil palm plantations are more severe.

scholarly journals The invasive plant, Brassica nigra , degrades local mycorrhizas across a wide geographical landscape

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 150300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Pakpour ◽  
John Klironomos
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Brassica Nigra ◽  
Alliaria Petiolata ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Garlic Mustard ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Black Mustard ◽  
Invasive Exotic

Disruption of mycorrhizal fungi that form symbioses with local native plants is a strategy used by some invasive exotic plants for competing within their resident communities. Example invasive plants include Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) and Brassica nigra (black mustard), both non-mycorrhizal plants in the Family Brassicaceae. Although there is clear evidence for mycorrhizal degradation, it is not known if such an effect is widespread across the naturalized range. In this study, we tested the ability of black mustard to degrade the local mycorrhizal symbiosis and supress the growth of native flora from across a variety of locations where black mustard has invaded. We found that the effects on mycorrhizal fungi and on the growth of native plants were consistently negative at the various sites. The present results indicate that degradation of the mycorrhizal symbiosis by black mustard is of general significance, and may be highly problematic considering the large range that it has occupied in open fields across North America.

scholarly journals The Toxicity Exerted by the Antibiotic Sulfadiazine on the Growth of Soil Bacterial Communities May Increase over Time

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8773
Author(s):  
Vanesa Santás-Miguel ◽  
Laura Rodríguez-González ◽  
Avelino Núñez-Delgado ◽  
Montserrat Díaz-Raviña ◽  
Manuel Arias-Estévez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
First Time ◽  
Toxicity Effects

The toxicity exerted by the antibiotic sulfadiazine on the growth of soil bacterial communities was studied in two agricultural soils for a period of 100 days. In the short-term (2 days of incubation), the effect of sulfadiazine on bacterial growth was low (no inhibition or inhibition <32% for a dose of 2000 mg·kg−1). However, sulfadiazine toxicity increased with time, achieving values of 40% inhibition, affecting bacterial growth in both soils after 100 days of incubation. These results, which were here observed for the first time for any antibiotic in soil samples, suggest that long-term experiments would be required for performing an adequate antibiotics risk assessment, as short-term experiments may underestimate toxicity effects.

Unravelling the effects of plant species diversity and aboveground litter input on soil bacterial communities

Geoderma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 317 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Leloup ◽  
Mathilde Baude ◽  
Naoise Nunan ◽  
Jacques Meriguet ◽  
Isabelle Dajoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Litter Input ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Aboveground Litter

Minerals Affect the Specific Diversity of Forest Soil Bacterial Communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Uroz ◽  
M. P. Turpault ◽  
C. Delaruelle ◽  
L. Mareschal ◽  
J.-C. Pierrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial Communities ◽  
Soil Bacterial
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