Genetic and phenotypic diversity of Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum fecal isolates from newborns

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kheadr ◽  
N. Dabour ◽  
U. von Ah ◽  
C. Lacroix ◽  
L. Meile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Maximal Growth ◽  
Restriction Profile ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Carbohydrate Fermentation ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Distinct Restriction

This study was undertaken to genetically identify and phenotypically characterize 14 bifidobacteria isolated from 20 breast-fed newborns. These isolates showed 98%–99% similarity to Bifidobacterium thermacidophilum subsp. suis based on 16S rDNA. Further analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA digested with XbaI revealed 4 distinct restriction patterns. The predominant pattern, shared by 8 (57%) isolates, produced a macro-restriction profile with about 13 large fragments ranging in size from >242.5 to 23.1 kb, whereas the other 6 displayed 3 distinct restriction profiles all characterized by more micro- than macro-restriction, with fragments ranging in size from 97 to 9.4 kb. Phenotypic characteristics, including carbohydrate fermentation profile, maximal growth temperature, and antibiotic susceptibility, varied widely even among strains showing the same restriction profile. The presence of B. thermacidophilum in stools of newborn infants may indicate the potential of these bacteria for aiding the development of the intestinal ecosystem.

Probiotic activity of Bifidobacteria from infant faeces

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Narayanan ◽  
B. Suresh Subramonian
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Carbohydrate Fermentation ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
Probiotic Activity

In the present study four isolates belonging to three bifidobacterial species with probiotic properties were isolated and identified from the faeces of breast fed infants and incorporated in the preparation of a nutraceutical whey based malt food. Identification of isolates to the genus Bifidobacteria was based on phenotypic characteristics like the unique pleomorphic morphology and carbohydrate fermentation profile. Molecular tools like 16S rRNA targeted genus and species specific mPCR were used for confirmation. The four isolates (of 3 species) identified wereB. longum(IB10 and IB12)B. breve (IB39)and B.bifidum (IB42). The nucleotide sequences of the identified species were submitted to the GenBank for acquisition of accession number. The identified species were screened for probiotic properties like bile tolerance, antimicrobial activity and tolerance to acidity. All the four isolates showed more than 80 per cent viability in the presence of 0.4, 0.8 and 1 per cent of bile salt. IsolateB.longum (IB10)showed maximum antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus (zi3.03 ± 0.019 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (zi3.00 ± 0.031mm), Escherichia coli(zi2.98 ± 0.043 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (zi3.03 ± 0.051 mm) in the cell free supernatant. All the four bifidobacterial isolatesshowed more than 80 per centviability atpH 3.B.longum (IB10)was a better probiotic when compared to other isolates as it had maximum antimicrobial activity and tolerance to bile and acidity.

scholarly journals Clonal Distribution of Invasive Neisseria meningitidis Isolates from the Norwegian County of Telemark, 1987 to 1995

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2623-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Kersten Aakre ◽  
Andrew Jenkins ◽  
Bjørn-Erik Kristiansen ◽  
L. Oddvar Frøholm
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Serological Analysis ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Clonal Distribution ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

Forty-two Neisseria meningitidis isolates were obtained from patients with meningococcal disease in the Norwegian county of Telemark (January 1987 to March 1995), and all were compared by PCR amplicon restriction endonuclease analysis (PCR-AREA) of thedhps gene, chromosomal DNA fingerprinting, and serological analysis. PCR-AREA divided the isolates into 11 classes, of which 4, comprising 15, 8, 6, and 2 isolates, were clonal while the remaining 8 classes were genetically heterogeneous or contained only 1 isolate. Three of the four clonal classes could be tentatively equated with recognized epidemic clones (ET5, ET37, and cluster A4) on the basis of their phenotypic characteristics, while the remaining clone appears to be new. There were significant differences in the geographical distribution of clones, with class 1 (ET5-like) isolates significantly overrepresented in rural parts of Telemark. Class 1 (ET5-like) isolates occurred throughout the study period and were dominant in 1987. Class 2 (ET37-like) isolates occurred from 1988 to 1992, and class 3 isolates (with no recognizable ET affinities) were found only in 1991 and 1992.

scholarly journals Feeding Practices and Growth in a Healthy Population of Cuban Infants

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Manuel Amador ◽  
Mirta P. Hermelo ◽  
Mario Valdes ◽  
Marcos Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Bueno
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Care ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
One Year ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Breast Fed

The feeding practices for a selected sample of 100 infants and the infants’ growth were followed from hospital discharge until one year of age. Normal, full-term newborn infants weighing more than 2,500 g whose mothers were 20–30 years old, literate, and married and had received regular prenatal care were selected for the study. The mode of feeding and the infant's weight, length, and body muss index were recorded every 15 days up to 360 days of age. A low prevalence of breast-feeding and early weaning, with early introduction of solid foods, were found. Infants who were bottle-fed from birth were heavier at 90 and 360 days but did not differ in length from those who were breast-fed. This difference was probably due to a higher energy intake in the infants who were never breast-fed.

scholarly journals Diversity of phenotypic characteristics of White Tailed-Yellow Chicken populations reared under free range system in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUPHAWADEE YAEMKONG ◽  
TUAN NGUYEN NGOC
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Golden Yellow

Abstract. Yaemkong S, Tuan NN. 2019. Diversity of phenotypic characteristics of White Tailed-Yellow Chicken populations reared under free-range system in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Biodiversitas 20: 1264-1273.  The objective of this study was to evaluate phenotypic diversity of White tail-yellow chickens in Mueang District, Phitsanulok, Thailand. A total of 200 male chickens from the purposive samples were collected, and then analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and least squares mean for subclasses of each factor. The results showed that the phenotypic of White tail-yellow Chickens had the highest white-yellow beak (60.29%), hin comb (65.50%), golden-yellow neck plumage (95.69%), back plumage (96.17%) and wing plumage (67.94%), white-black long curving tails (70.11%), black back tails (71.14%) and white-yellow shank (59.81%) for qualitative traits. The quantitative traits such as body weight, body height, body length, body width, wing length, shank length, and toes length were 2.78±0.58 kg, 61.95±3.77 cm, 24.93±1.66 cm, 16.62±1.91 cm, 41.85±2.52 cm, 12.72±0.77 cm, and 8.39±0.66 cm, respectively. The highest positive correlation was recorded between neck plumage and back plumage (r=0.70; p<0.01). Moreover, body weight was the highest correlation with wing length (0.58; p<0.01) whereas body length was the highest positive correlation with wing plumage (0.21; p<0.01). However, beak and comb had no significant effect on all traits (p>0.05) except for neck, back and wing plumage, long curving tail, back tail and shank color (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Diversity of lactic acid bacteria in dadih produced by either back-slopping or spontaneous fermentation from two different regions of West Sumatra, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Utami Wirawati ◽  
Mirnawati Bachrum Sudarwanto ◽  
Denny Widaya Lukman ◽  
Ietje Wientarsih ◽  
Eko Agus Srihanto
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Spontaneous Fermentation ◽  
Lactobacillus Pentosus ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Fermentation Profile ◽  
Carbohydrate Fermentation ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Different Origins

Aim: Dadih samples from two different origins (Kamang and Gadut in West Sumatra) manufactured with different methods (back-slopping or spontaneous fermentation) were evaluated for the diversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Materials and Methods: Four dadih samples manufactured with two different fermentation methods were obtained from Kamang and Gadut regions. Both genotypic and phenotypic characteristic (16S rRNA partial gene sequence analysis and carbohydrate fermentation profile) were used to analyze the diversity of dadih LAB population. Results: This study showed that LAB count in back-slopping fermented dadih was one log cycle higher than spontaneous fermented dadih. LAB isolates from the two regions were divided into three genera, namely Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, and Pediococcus. Sequencing results showed that 41.6% (five isolates) were identified as Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, 25% (three isolates) were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum ssp. plantarum, 16.6% (two isolates) were identified as L. lactis ssp. cremoris, and 8.3% (one isolate each) were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus and Lactobacillus pentosus. Conclusion: Five species were determined in back-slopping fermented dadih, i.e., L. lactis ssp. lactis, L. lactis ssp. cremoris, L. plantarum ssp. plantarum, L. pentosus, and P. pentosaceus. On the other hand, spontaneous fermented dadih only contained three different species, namely L. lactis ssp. lactis, L. lactis ssp. cremoris, and L. plantarum ssp. plantarum. This research showed that back-slopping fermentation offers greater abundance and diversity compared to spontaneous fermentation in dadih.

The Natural History of Neonatal Jaundice

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-370
Author(s):  
Coleen Kivlahan ◽  
Elizabeth J. P. James
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Skin Pigmentation ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
History Of ◽  
Breast Fed

The relationship between infant feeding type and the occurrence and natural history of neonatal jaundice in term newborn infants has been studied. A retrospective chart review of 124 records confirmed earlier reports indicating that jaundice is recognized more often in breast-fed than in formula-fed infants. A prospective cohort study of 140 term newborn infants was conducted using the Minolta Air-Shields transcutaneous jaundice meter. For 3 weeks, 115 white infants and 25 black infants were followed at predetermined intervals. The peak jaundice meter readings were higher and the elevated levels lasted longer in breast-fed than in formula-fed infants. Formula-fed infants' readings returned to base-line levels in eight days whereas the readings were still elevated in breast-fed infants when the study ended on the 21st day. Black infants had higher transcutaneous readings than white infants due to their deeper skin pigmentation, but otherwise they followed a course identical with that of the white babies. The distribution of jaundice in the white infants was bimodal; in approximately one fourth of the breast-fed infants, the jaundice meter readings reached levels corresponding to bilirubin values &gt;13 mg/dL whereas the remaining three fourths followed a pattern similar to that of the formula-fed infants. It can be concluded that human milk feeding is associated with more prolonged hyperbilirubinemia than formula-feeding in normal term infants.

scholarly journals Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
INDRAWATI Y. ASMARA ◽  
DANI GARNIDA ◽  
IWAN SETIAWAN ◽  
Ruhyat Partasasmita
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
West Java ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Key Informant Interview ◽  
Singing Ability

Abstract. Asmara IY, Garnida D, Setiawan I, Partasasmita R. 2019. Short Communication: Phenotypic diversity of male pelung chickens in West Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2243-2248. Pelung chickens are indigenous chickens from Cianjur District, West Java Province, Indonesia. The male chickens have long and beautiful crowing and have a distinct body figure compared to other indigenous chickens. Chicken contests are conducted regularly as media to show singing ability and body performance of Pelung chickens. Pelung chickens raised in different areas may have different phenotypic characteristics due to keeper preferences. Also, the phenotypic characteristics of the winners of chicken contests may influence keepers to select their chickens. The objective of this study was to determine the phenotypic characteristics of male Pelung Chickens in different areas in West Java, Indonesia. Comb type, as well as the color of eye, beak, skin, plumage, and shank, were recorded in the study. Data were collected through a survey involving 160 male birds in four different districts in West Java Province including Cianjur, Sukabumi, Bandung and Garut Districts. Key informant interview was carried out to support quantitative data. The results showed a limited variation of phenotypic characteristics among male Pelung chickens. Comb type, as well as skin and plumage colors, are criteria to select male Pelung chickens. Phenotypic characteristics of contest winners are also a reference for Pelung keepers in breeding selection.

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