The pathway of dephosphorylation of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate by phytate-degrading enzymes of different Bacillus spp.

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 986-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Greiner ◽  
Adelazim Farouk ◽  
Marie Larsson Alminger ◽  
Nils-Gunnar Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Inositol Hexakisphosphate ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Degrading Enzymes ◽  
Bacillus Spp

The pathway of dephosphorylation of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate by the phytate-degrading enzymes of Bacillus subtilis 168, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 15841, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 45 was established using a combination of high-performance ion chromatography analysis and kinetic studies. The data demonstrate that all the Bacillus phytate-degrading enzymes under investigation dephosphorylate myo-inositol hexakisphosphate by sequential removal of phosphate groups via two independent routes; the routes proceed via D-Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5 to Ins(2,4,5,6)P4 to finally Ins(2,4,6)P3 or D-Ins(2,5,6)P3 and via D-Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5 to D-Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 to finally D-Ins(1,2,6)P3. The resulting myo-inositol trisphosphate D-Ins(1,2,6)P3 was degraded via D-Ins(2,6)P2 to finally Ins(2)P after prolonged incubation times in combination with increased enzyme concentration. Key words: Bacillus spp., myo-inositol phosphate isomers, phytase, phytate degradation.

scholarly journals Pathway of phytate dephosphorylation by β-propeller phytases of different origins

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Greiner ◽  
Boon L. Lim ◽  
Chiwai Cheng ◽  
Nils-Gunnar Carlsson
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Shewanella Oneidensis ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Inositol Hexakisphosphate ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis 168 ◽  
Phytate Degradation ◽  
Degradation Models ◽  
Different Origins

Using a combination of high-performance ion chromatography analysis and kinetic studies, the pathway of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate dephosphorylation by the β-propeller phytase of Shewanella oneidensis was established, which was then compared with that of Bacillus subtilis 168, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ATCC 15841, and B. amyloliquefaciens 45 β-propeller phytases. The data demonstrate that all of these β-propeller phytases dephosphorylate myo-inositol hexakisphosphate in a stereospecific way by sequential removal of phosphate groups via d-Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5, Ins(2,4,5,6)P4 to finally Ins(2,4,6)P3. Thus, the β-propeller phytases prefer the hydrolysis of every second phosphate over that of adjacent ones. This finding does not support previous phytate degradation models proposed by J. Kerovuo, J. Rouvinen, and F. Hatzack (2000. Biochem. J. 352: 623–628) and R. Greiner, A. Farouk, M. Larsson Alminger, and N.G. Carlsson (2002. Can. J. Microbiol. 48: 986–994) , but seems to fit with the structural model given by S. Shin, N.C. Ha, B.C. Oh, T.K. Oh, and B.H. Oh (2001. Structure, 9: 851–858) .

scholarly journals Biotransformation of Naringenin by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Into Three Naringenin Derivatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1985197
Author(s):  
Manoj Koirala ◽  
Young Kee Lee ◽  
Min Seon Kim ◽  
You Chul Chung ◽  
Jin-Soo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Resonance Analysis ◽  
Whole Cell Biotransformation ◽  
Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis

In this study, a whole-cell biotransformation by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Korean Collection for Type Culture 13588 was carried out to acquire naringenin derivatives. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the reaction metabolites showed the presence of 3 different products. The structure of the metabolites was confirmed through high-resolution quadrupole-time-of-flight electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The result revealed that B. amyloliquefaciens catalyzes naringenin into 3 derivatives, naringenin 7- O-phosphate, naringenin 7- O-glucoside (prunin), and 6''- O-succinylprunin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the production of 3 different derivatives when naringenin was used as a substrate. Furthermore, our study also revealed that the product naringenin 7- O-phosphate has approximately 45-fold higher water solubility than that of naringenin. Our finding suggests that biotransformation might solve the low bioavailability of flavonoids.

PHÂN LẬP VÀ TUYỂN CHỌN CÁC CHỦNG BACILLUS ỨC CHẾ VI KHUẨN VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS GÂY BỆNH TÔM CHẾT SỚM Ở TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Bích Đào ◽  
Trần Quang Khánh Vân ◽  
Nguyễn Văn Khanh ◽  
Nguyễn Quang Linh
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis B1

Khi tình hình bệnh hội chứng tôm chết sớm (EMS) đã gây thiệt hại vô cùng to lớn đối với Nuôi trồng thủy sản thì các giải pháp được đề nghị và áp dụng nhằm hạn chế dịch bệnh. Trong đó, việc tìm hiểu và đưa vi khuẩn có lợi để cạnh tranh và ức chế loài vi khuẩn gây bệnh rất được quan tâm, được cho là giải pháp có nhiều triển vọng phù hợp với điều kiện môi trường, đảm bảo sức khỏe cho con người, cũng như hạn chế được dịch bệnh. Đặc biệt, đưa vi khuẩn Bacillus spp. qua đường tiêu hóa của tôm ngay từ khi mới thả đã hạn chế được mật độ vi khuẩn Vibrio. Nghiên cứu này đã phân lập được các chủng Bacillus subtilis B1, Bacillus subtilis B2, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B4và thử khả năng đối kháng với vi khuẩn Vibrio parahaemolyticus V1 ở các nồng độ 103, 104, 105, 106 CFU theo dõi ở các thời điểm 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h và 72h. Kết quả cho thấy cả ba chủng vi khuẩn Bacillus trên phân lập được đều có khả năng ức chế tốt vi khuẩn Vibrio parahaemolyticus V1, trong đó vi khuẩn Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B4 làtốt nhất với đường kính vòng kháng khuẩn 52,67 ± 4,31mm ở thời điểm 48h; hai chủng Bacillus subtilis B1, Bacillus subtilis B2 lầnlượt là  49,67 ± 3,15 mm, 44,07 ± 5,19 mm, với mức sai số có ý nghĩa thống kê p < 0,05.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation, Huperzine A Content and Antioxidant Activity of Three Genotypic Huperzia serrata

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Yan Yang ◽  
Liangfang Dai ◽  
Decai Wu ◽  
Limin Dong ◽  
Yisheng Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Huperzine A ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Huperzia Serrata ◽  
Chromatography Analysis

Huperzia serrata is a traditional herb and endangered Chinese medicinal material, which has attracted much attention due to its production of Huperzine A (HupA). In vitro propagation of H. serrata is considered a new way to relieve the resource pressure of H. serrata. In this study, three different genotypic wild H. serrata were used for in vitro propagation. Then, the antioxidant activity and the content of HupA in the regenerated H. serrata were investigated. The results showed the survival rate of the explant was increased to 25.37% when using multiple sterilization processes. The best induction medium for H. serrata was the Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·L−1 Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg·L−1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), where the regeneration rate of the explant was to 57.04%. The best proliferation medium was the SH medium with NAA (1.0 mg·L−1), as the biomass of in vitro tissue increased 164.17 ± 0.41 times. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the in vitro culture of three genotypes could produce HupA and the content of HupA was 53.90–87.17 µg·g−1. The antioxidant experiment showed that the methanol extract of in vitro H. serrata had higher antioxidant activity than that of wild H. serrata. This study provides a reliable in vitro H. serrata culture protocol and laid an important foundation for the antioxidant capacity of the thallus and the content of HupA.

scholarly journals Abnormal physiological properties and altered cell wall composition in Streptococcus pneumoniae grown in the presence of clavulanic acid.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 504-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Severin ◽  
E Severina ◽  
A Tomasz
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Peptide Composition ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Altered Cell ◽  
Quantitative Changes

Subinhibitory concentrations of clavulanate caused premature induction of stationary-phase autolysis, sensitization to lysozyme, and reductions in the MICs of deoxycholate and penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae. In the range of clavulanate concentrations producing these effects, this beta-lactam compound was selectively bound to PBP 3. Cell walls isolated from pneumococci grown in the presence of clavulanate showed increased sensitivity to the hydrolytic action of purified pneumococcal autolysin in vitro. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the peptidoglycan isolated from the clavulanate-grown cells showed major qualitative and quantitative changes in stem peptide composition, the most striking feature of which was the accumulation of peptide species carrying intact D-alanyl-D-alanine residues at the carboxy termini. The altered biological and biochemical properties of the clavulanate-grown pneumococci appear to be the consequences of suppressed D,D-carboxypeptidase activity.

scholarly journals Histological Characterization of Resistance to Different Root-Knot Nematode Species Related to Phenolics Accumulation in Capsicum annuum

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pegard ◽  
G. Brizzard ◽  
A. Fazari ◽  
O. Soucaze ◽  
P. Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Susceptible Cultivar ◽  
Resistant Line ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Root Knot Nematodes ◽  
Chromatography Analysis

In the pepper Capsicum annuum CM334, which is used by breeders as a source of resistance to Phytophthora spp. and potyviruses, a resistance gene entirely suppresses reproduction of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.). The current study compared the histological responses of this resistant line and a susceptible cultivar to infection with the three most damaging root-knot nematodes: M. arenaria, M. incognita, or M. javanica. Resistance of CM334 to root-knot nematodes was associated with unidentified factors that limited nematode penetration and with post-penetration biochemical responses, including the hypersensitive response, which apparently blocked nematode migration and thereby prevented juvenile development and reproduction. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis suggested that phenolic compounds, especially chlorogenic acid, may be involved in CM334 resistance. The response to infection in the resistant line varied with root-knot nematode species and was correlated with nematode behavior and pathogenicity in the susceptible cultivar: nematode species that quickly reached the vascular cylinder and initiated feeding sites in the susceptible cultivar were quickly recognized in CM334 and stopped in the epidermis or cortex. After comparing our data with those from other resistant pepper lines, we suggest that timing of the resistance response and the mechanism of resistance vary with plant genotype, resistance gene, and root-knot nematode species.

Time-Resolved Micro Liquid Desorption Mass Spectrometry: Mechanism, Features, and Kinetic Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ales Charvat ◽  
Andreas Bógehold ◽  
Bernd Abel
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Desorption Mass Spectrometry

Liquid water beam desorption mass spectrometry is an intriguing technique to isolate charged molecular aggregates directly from the liquid phase and to analyze them employing sensitive mass spectrometry. The liquid phase in this approach consists of a 10 µm diameter free liquid filament in vacuum which is irradiated by a focussed infrared laser pulse resonant with the OH-stretch vibration of bulk water. Depending upon the laser wavelength, charged (e.g. protonated) macromolecules are isolated from solution through a still poorly characterized mechanism. After the gentle liquid-to-vacuum transfer the low-charge-state aggregates are analyzed using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A recent variant of the technique uses high performance liquid chromatography valves for local liquid injections of samples in the liquid carrier beam, which enables very low sample consumption and high speed sample analysis. In this review we summarize recent work to characterize the ‘desorption’ or ion isolation mechanism in this type of experiment. A decisive and interesting feature of micro liquid beam desorption mass spectrometry is that — under certain conditions — the gas-phase mass signal for a large number of small as well as supramolecular systems displays a surprisingly linear response on the solution concentration over many orders of magnitude, even for mixtures and complex body fluids. This feature and the all-liquid state nature of the technique makes this technique a solution-type spectroscopy that enables real kinetic studies involving (bio)polymers in solution without the need for internal standards. Two applications of the technique monitoring enzyme digestion of proteins and protein aggregation of an amyloid model system are highlighted, both displaying its potential for monitoring biokinetics in solution.

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