Diversity of antifungal actinomycetes in various vegetative soils of Korea

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Yeop Lee ◽  
Byung Kook Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Genus Streptomyces

Diversity of actinomycetes and their antifungal activities against some plant pathogenic fungi were examined in various vegetative soils from 14 different sites in the western part of Korea. Actinomycete counts ranged from 1.17 × 106to 4.20 × 106cfu·g-1dried soil. A total of 1510 actinomycetes were isolated from the soil samples. Streptomyces was predominant in soils with a pH range of 5.1-6.5, 9.1-13.0% moisture, and 9.1-11.0% organic matter. Most Micromonospora, Dactylosporangium, and Streptosporangium were distributed in soils with pH 4.0-5.0, 2.0-9.0% moisture, and 4.0-7.0% organic matter. Actinomadura and nocardioform actinomycetes were abundant in soils with pH 4.0-5.0 and 13.1-20.0% moisture and with 9.1-11.0 and 4.0-7.0% organic matter, respectively. Populations of Streptomyces were predominant in all the soils, but were highest in grassland and lowest in mountain-forest soils. Micromonospora was most abundant in pepper-field soil and nocardioform actinomycetes were highest in rice paddy field soil. Dactylosporangium was predominant in lake-mud sediments and pepper-field soil, Streptosporangium in lake-mud sediments, and Actinomadura in mountain-forest soil. Antifungal actinomycetes were abundant in orchard soil and lake mud. More than 50% of antifungal isolates from most soils were classified as genus Streptomyces. Actinomycete isolates that showed strong antifungal activity against Alternaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, and Rhizoctonia solani were predominant in pepper-field soils, whereas those against Magnaporthe grisea and Phytophthora capsici were abundant in radish-field soils.Key words: actinomycetes, antifungal activity, plant pathogenic fungi, vegetative soils.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Silver Ions and Nanoparticles on Phytopathogenic Fungi

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1037-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Ki Jo ◽  
Byung H. Kim ◽  
Geunhwa Jung
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Colony Formation ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
In Planta

Silver in ionic or nanoparticle forms has a high antimicrobial activity and is therefore widely used for various sterilization purposes including materials of medical devices and water sanitization. There have been relatively few studies on the applicability of silver to control plant diseases. Various forms of silver ions and nanoparticles were tested in the current study to examine the antifungal activity on two plant-pathogenic fungi, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Magnaporthe grisea. In vitro petri dish assays indicated that silver ions and nanoparticles had a significant effect on the colony formation of these two pathogens. Effective concentrations of the silver compounds inhibiting colony formation by 50% (EC50) were higher for B. sorokiniana than for M. grisea. The inhibitory effect on colony formation significantly diminished after silver cations were neutralized with chloride ions. Growth chamber inoculation assays further confirmed that both ionic and nanoparticle silver significantly reduced these two fungal diseases on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Particularly, silver ions and nanoparticles effectively reduced disease severity with an application at 3 h before spore inoculation, but their efficacy significantly diminished when applied at 24 h after inoculation. The in vitro and in planta evaluations of silver indicated that both silver ions and nanoparticles influence colony formation of spores and disease progress of plant-pathogenic fungi. In planta efficacy of silver ions and nanoparticles is much greater with preventative application, which may promote the direct contact of silver with spores and germ tubes, and inhibit their viability.

Production, purification, and antifungal activity of the antibiotic nucleoside, tubercidin, produced by Streptomyces violaceoniger

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Kook Hwang ◽  
Sang Joon Ahn ◽  
Surk Sik Moon
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Phytophthora Blight ◽  
High Antifungal Activity ◽  
C Nmr

Three antibiotic substances strongly inhibitory to Phytophthora capsici or Magnaporthe grisea were isolated from the broth culture of Streptomyces violaceoniger strain A50. A butanol-soluble mixture of antibiotics from the broth were partially purified by XAD-2 column chromatography. The XAD-2 eluates inhibited the mycelial growth of P. capsici and M. grisea and the development of Phytophthora blight on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. The antibiotics were separated by silica gel column chromatography and then purified on a Sephadex LH-20 column to yield three peaks of antifungal activity: SF1A, SF1B, and SF2A. The pure antibiotic SF2A was further purified by preparative HPLC and identified as the pyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidine nucleoside tubercidin based on the UV, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral data and other chemical evidence. The antibiotic SF2A and authentic tubercidin showed a high antifungal activity against the plant pathogenic fungi P. capsici, Botryosphaeria dothidea, and Rhizoctonia solani. Key words: Streptomyces violaceoniger, tubercidin, antifungal activity.

Antifungal activity of phthalide lactones on plant pathogenic fungi and yeast

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. S27
Author(s):  
Enriqueta Martinez Rojas ◽  
Fatuma Hassan ◽  
Filip Boratynski ◽  
Teresa Olejniczak ◽  
Karl Steffens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi

In vitrokinetics and antifungal activity of various extracts ofTerminalia chebulaseeds against plant pathogenic fungi

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek K. Bajpai ◽  
Atiqur Rahman ◽  
Shruti Shukla ◽  
Savita Shukla ◽  
S.M. Yassir Arafat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi

Bioactive metabolites from new or rare fimicolous fungi with antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sarrocco ◽  
Stefania Diquattro ◽  
Fabiana Avolio ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
Grazia Puntoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi

scholarly journals Hevein-Like Antimicrobial Peptides Wamps: Structure–Function Relationship in Antifungal Activity and Sensitization of Plant Pathogenic Fungi to Tebuconazole by WAMP-2-Derived Peptides

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Odintsova ◽  
Larisa Shcherbakova ◽  
Marina Slezina ◽  
Tatyana Pasechnik ◽  
Bakhyt Kartabaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Structure Function ◽  
Spore Germination ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Structure Function Relationship ◽  
Function Relationship

Hevein-like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) comprise a family of plant AMPs with antifungal activity, which harbor a chitin-binding site involved in interactions with chitin of fungal cell walls. However, the mode of action of hevein-like AMPs remains poorly understood. This work reports the structure–function relationship in WAMPs—hevein-like AMPs found in wheat (Triticum kiharae Dorof. et Migush.) and later in other Poaceae species. The effect of WAMP homologues differing at position 34 and the antifungal activity of peptide fragments derived from the central, N- and C-terminal regions of one of the WAMPs, namely WAMP-2, on spore germination of different plant pathogenic fungi were studied. Additionally, the ability of WAMP-2-derived peptides to potentiate the fungicidal effect of tebuconazole, one of the triazole fungicides, towards five cereal-damaging fungi was explored in vitro by co-application of WAMP-2 fragments with Folicur® EC 250 (25% tebuconazole). The antifungal activity of WAMP homologues and WAMP-2-derived peptides varied depending on the fungus, suggesting multiple modes of action for WAMPs against diverse pathogens. Folicur® combined with the WAMP-2 fragments inhibited the spore germination at a much greater level than the fungicide alone, and the type of interactions was either synergistic or additive, depending on the target fungus and concentration combinations of the compounds. The combinations, which resulted in synergism and drastically enhanced the sensitivity to tebuconazole, were revealed for all five fungi by a checkerboard assay. The ability to synergistically interact with a fungicide and exacerbate the sensitivity of plant pathogenic fungi to a commercial antifungal agent is a novel and previously uninvestigated property of hevein-like AMPs.

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