Monitoring of bacteria in acid mine environments by reverse sample genome probing

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
S A Léveillé ◽  
L G Leduc ◽  
G D Ferroni ◽  
A J Telang ◽  
G Voordouw
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Iron Salts ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Thiobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Selection Of

A variety of microorganisms can exist in acid mine drainage (AMD) environments, although their contribution to AMD problems is unclear. Environmental strains of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus were purified by repeated plating and single-colony isolation on iron salts and tetrathionate media, respectively. Thiobacillus thiooxidans was enriched on sulfur-containing media. For the isolation of Leptospirillum ferrooxidans, iron salts and pyrite media were inoculated with environmental samples. However, L. ferrooxidans was never recovered on solid media. Denatured chromosomal DNAs from type and (or) isolated strains of T. ferrooxidans, T. acidophilus, T. thiooxidans, and L. ferrooxidans were spotted on a master filter for their detection in a variety of samples by reverse sample genome probing (RSGP). Analysis of enrichments of environmental samples by RSGP indicated that ferrous sulfate medium enriched T. ferrooxidans strains, whereas all thiobacilli grew in sulfur medium, T. thiooxidans strains being dominant. Enrichment in glucose medium followed by transfer to tetrathionate medium resulted in the selection of T. acidophilus strains. DNA was also extracted directly (without enrichment) from cells recovered from AMD water or sediments, and was analyzed by RSGP to describe the communities present. Strains showing homology with T. ferrooxidans and T. acidophilus were found to be major community components. Strains showing homology with T. thiooxidans were a minor community component, whereas strains showing homology with L. ferrooxidans were not detected.Key words: AMD, bacteria, DNA probing.

scholarly journals Selection of organic materials potentially used to enhance bioremediation of acid mine drainage

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 2779-2789
Author(s):  
Fitri Arum Sekarjannah ◽  
M Mansur ◽  
Zaenal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Passive Treatment ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Wetland Treatment ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Selection Of

Acid mine drainage (AMD), produced when sulfide minerals are subjected to oxygen and water, is one of the major issues in mining industries. Without proper management, AMD's release to the environment would cause seriously prolonged environmental and health issues, such as increases soil acidity and reduces water quality due to extremely low pH, high sulphate concentration, and heavy metal solubility. AMD treatments are divided into two categories, i.e., active treatment, conducted by applying a chemical to the AMD to neutralize pH and precipitate heavy metals; and passive treatment, which relies on biological and biochemical processes. The active treatment may provide an immediate effect, but costly and yet sustainable; meanwhile, passive treatment takes time to establish and to generate an effect, but it is more economical, sustainable, and environmentally friendly. The wetland system is an example of passive treatment. Therefore, this review focuses on passive treatments, especially the selection of organic materials used in constructed AMD wetland treatment. Organic materials play a central role in the wetland system, i.e., to chelate metal ions, remove sulphate from the solution, increase pH, and growth media for microbes, especially sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) and plants are grown in the system. Overall, organic materials determine the effectiveness of the wetland system to neutralize AMD passively and sustainably.

The role ofAcidithiobacillus ferrooxidansin alleviating the inhibitory effect of thiosulfate on the growth of acidophilicAcidiphiliumspecies isolated from acid mine drainage samples from Garubathan, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1040-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudra Gurung ◽  
Ranadhir Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
Acidiphilium Cryptum ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Microbiological Data

Several acidophilic chemolithoautotrophic and heterotrophic strains were isolated from acid mine drainage samples from Garubathan, West Bengal, India. The strains, chemolithoautotrophic DK6.1 and heterotrophic DKAP1.1, used in this study were assigned to the species Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidiphilium cryptum , respectively. Unamended filtered and subsequently autoclaved elemental sulfur spent medium of A. ferrooxidans was used as the medium to study heterotrophic growth of A. cryptum DKAP1.1. While characterizing the heterotrophic strain, an inhibitory effect of thiosulfate on A. cryptum DKAP1.1 was identified. The lethality of thiosulfate broth was directly related to the concentration of thiosulfate in the medium. Nonviability of A. cryptum DKAP1.1 in the presence of thiosulfate was alleviated by A. ferrooxidans DK6.1 in co-culture. Microbiological data on a positive growth effect for A. ferrooxidans DK6.1 caused by co-culturing in solid media in the presence of A. cryptum DKAP1.1 is also presented.

Selection of reactive mixture for biochemical passive treatment of acid mine drainage

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaneth Vasquez ◽  
María C. Escobar ◽  
Carmen M. Neculita ◽  
Ziv Arbeli ◽  
Fabio Roldan
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Passive Treatment ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Reactive Mixture ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Dissolution of pyrite and other Fe–S–As minerals using deep eutectic solvents

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2225-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Abbott ◽  
Ahmed Z. M. Al-Bassam ◽  
Alex Goddard ◽  
Robert C. Harris ◽  
Gawen R. T. Jenkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Processing sulfur containing minerals is one of the biggest sources of acute anthropogenic pollution particularly in the form of acid mine drainage.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variations in Microbial Populations and Environmental Conditions in an Extreme Acid Mine Drainage Environment

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 3627-3632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina J. Edwards ◽  
Thomas M. Gihring ◽  
Jillian F. Banfield
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Temperature Conductivity ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Situ Hybridizations

ABSTRACT Microbial populations, their distributions, and their aquatic environments were studied over a year (1997) at an acid mine drainage (AMD) site at Iron Mountain, Calif. Populations were quantified by fluorescence in situ hybridizations with group-specific probes. Probes were used for the domains Eucarya, Bacteria, and Archaea and the two species most widely studied and implicated for their role in AMD production, Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans. Results show that microbial populations, in relative proportions and absolute numbers, vary spatially and seasonally and correlate with geochemical and physical conditions (pH, temperature, conductivity, and rainfall). Bacterial populations were in the highest proportion (>95%) in January. Conversely, archaeal populations were in the highest proportion in July and September (∼50%) and were virtually absent in the winter. Bacterial and archaeal populations correlated with conductivity and rainfall. High concentrations of dissolved solids, as reflected by high conductivity values (up to 125 mS/cm), occurred in the summer and correlated with high archaeal populations and proportionally lower bacterial populations. Eukaryotes were not detected in January, when total microbial cell numbers were lowest (<105 cells/ml), but eukaryotes increased at low-pH sites (∼0.5) during the remainder of the year. This correlated with decreasing water temperatures (50 to 30°C; January to November) and increasing numbers of prokaryotes (108 to 109cells/ml). T. ferrooxidans was in highest abundance (>30%) at moderate pHs and temperatures (∼2.5 and 20°C) in sites that were peripheral to primary acid-generating sites and lowest (0 to 5%) at low-pH sites (pH ∼0.5) that were in contact with the ore body. L. ferrooxidans was more widely distributed with respect to geochemical conditions (pH = 0 to 3; 20 to 50°C) but was more abundant at higher temperatures and lower pHs (∼40°C; pH ∼0.5) than T. ferrooxidans.

scholarly journals Nickel and Zinc Removal from Acid Mine Drainage: Roles of Sludge Surface Area and Neutralising Agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Olds ◽  
Daniel C. W. Tsang ◽  
Paul A. Weber ◽  
Chris G. Weisener
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Zinc Removal ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Effect Of Surface

During acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment by alkaline reagent neutralisation, Ni and Zn are partially removed via sorption to Fe and Al hydroxide precipitates. This research evaluated the effect of surface area of precipitates, formed by neutralisation of AMD using three alkalinity reagents (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3), on the sorption of Ni and Zn. The BET surface area of the precipitates formed by neutralisation of AMD with NaOH (173.7 m2 g−1) and Ca(OH)2 (168.2 m2 g−1) was an order of magnitude greater than that produced by CaCO3 neutralisation (16.7 m2 g−1). At pH 6.5, the residual Ni concentration was 0.32 and 0.41 mg L−1 for NaOH and Ca(OH)2 neutralised AMD, respectively, resulting in up to 60% lower Ni concentrations than achieved by CaCO3 neutralisation which had no effect on Ni removal. The residual Zn concentration was even more dependent on precipitate surface area for NaOH and Ca(OH)2 neutralised AMD (0.33 and 1.02 mg L−1), which was up to 85% lower than the CaCO3 neutralised AMD (2.20 mg L−1). These results suggest that the surface area of precipitated flocs and the selection of neutralising reagent critically affect the sorption of Ni and Zn during AMD neutralisation.

Kinetic approach for the appropriate selection of indigenous limestones for acid mine drainage treatment with passive systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 404-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel Labastida ◽  
M. Aurora Armienta ◽  
René H. Lara ◽  
Roberto Briones ◽  
Ignacio González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Kinetic Approach ◽  
Passive Systems ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage Treatment ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of a Microbial Community in the Course of Formation of Acid Mine Drainage

Microbiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Kadnikov ◽  
E. V. Gruzdev ◽  
D. A. Ivasenko ◽  
A. V. Beletsky ◽  
A. V. Mardanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Selection Of
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