Determination of 1-aminocycopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) to assess the effects of ACC deaminase-containing bacteria on roots of canola seedlings

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M Penrose ◽  
Barbara A Moffatt ◽  
Bernard R Glick
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Psychrophilic Bacterium ◽  
Ethylene Inhibitor ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Previously, it was proposed that plant growth-promoting bacteria that possess the enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, can reduce the amount of ethylene produced by a plant and thereby promote root elongation. To test this model, canola seeds were imbibed in the presence of the chemical ethylene inhibitor, 2-aminoethoxyvinyl glycine (AVG), various strains of plant growth-promoting bacteria, and a psychrophilic bacterium containing an ACC deaminase gene on a broad host range plasmid. The extent of root elongation and levels of ACC, the immediate precursor of ethylene, were measured in the canola seedling roots. A modification of the Waters AccQ*Tag Amino Acid Analysis Method(tm) was used to quantify ACC in the root extracts. It was found that, in the presence of the ethylene inhibitor, AVG, or any one of several ACC deaminase-containing strains of bacteria, the growth of canola seedling roots was enhanced and the ACC levels in these roots were lowered.

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase mutants of the plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 do not stimulate canola root elongation

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard R. Glick ◽  
Christian B. Jacobson ◽  
Melinda M. K. Schwarze ◽  
J. J. Pasternak
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ethylene Concentration ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The plant growth promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida GR12-2 was mutagenized with nitrosoguanidine and three separate mutants that were unable to utilize 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) as a sole nitrogen source were selected. These mutants are devoid of the ACC deaminase activity that is present in wild-type P. putida GR12-2 cells. Only wild-type cells, but not any of the ACC deaminase mutants, promoted root elongation of developing canola seedlings under gnotobiotic conditions. These results are interpreted in terms of a model in which P. putida GR12-2 promotes root elongation by binding to germinating seeds and sequesters and hydrolyzes some of the unbound ACC, thereby lowering the level of ACC and hence the endogenous ethylene concentration, allowing the roots to grow longer.Key words: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, ACC, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, PGPR, ACC deaminase, bacterial fertilizer.

ACC deaminase from plant growth-promoting bacteria affects crown gall development

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1291-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youai Hao ◽  
Trevor C. Charles ◽  
Bernard R. Glick
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Tumour Formation ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens C58

In addition to the well-known roles of indoleacetic acid and cytokinin in crown gall formation, the plant hormone ethylene also plays an important role in this process. Many plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) encode the enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, which can degrade ACC, the immediate precursor of ethylene in plants, to α-ketobutyrate and ammonia and thereby lower plant ethylene levels. To study the effect of ACC deaminase on crown gall development, an ACC deaminase gene from the PGPB Pseudomonas putida UW4 was introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58, so that the effect of ACC deaminase activity on tumour formation in tomato and castor bean plants could be assessed. Plants were also coinoculated with A. tumefaciens C58 and P. putida UW4 or P. putida UW4-acdS– (an ACC deaminase minus mutant strain). In both types of experiments, it was observed that the presence of ACC deaminase generally inhibited tumour development on both tomato and castor bean plants.

Levels of ACC and related compounds in exudate and extracts of canola seeds treated with ACC deaminase-containing plant growth-promoting bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 368-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M Penrose ◽  
Bernard R Glick
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Test Part ◽  
Seed Exudate ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Related Compounds

It was previously proposed that plant growth-promoting bacteria that possess 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase could utilize ACC that is present in the exudate of germinating canola seeds. The uptake and cleavage of ACC by these bacteria would lower the level of ACC, and thus ethylene within the plant, and reduce the extent of its inhibition on root elongation. To test part of the above mentioned model, ACC levels were monitored in canola seed tissues and exudate during germination. Lower amounts of ACC were present in the exudate and tissues of seeds treated with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Enterobacter cloacae CAL3, than in control seeds treated with MgSO4. The ACC-related compounds, α- and γ-aminobutyric acids, both known to stimulate ethylene production, were also measured in the canola seed exudate and tissues. Approximately the same levels of α-aminobutyric acid were present in the exudates of the bacterium-treated seeds and the control seeds, but the amount of α-aminobutyric acid was lower in the tissues of the bacterium-treated seeds than in the control seeds. Smaller quantities of γ-aminobutyric acid were seen in both the exudate and tissues of the E. cloacae CAL3-treated seeds than in the control seeds.Key words: ACC ethylene, canola, seed extract, seed exudate, plant growth-promoting bacteria.

Involvement ofgacSandrpoSin enhancement of the plant growth-promoting capabilities ofEnterobacter cloacaeCAL2 and UW4

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleema S Saleh ◽  
Bernard R Glick
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Indoleacetic Acid ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Multicopy Plasmid ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

The plant growth-promoting bacteria Enterobacter cloacae CAL2 and UW4 were genetically transformed with a multicopy plasmid containing an rpoS or gacS gene from Pseudomonas fluorescens. The transformed strains were compared with the nontransformed strains for growth, indoleacetic acid (IAA) production, antibiotic production, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, siderophore production, cell morphology, and the ability to promote canola root elongation. All transformed strains had a longer lag phase, were slower in reaching stationary phase, and attained a higher cell density than the nontransformed strains. Transformation resulted in cells that were significantly shorter than the nontransformed cells. The transformed strains also produced significantly more IAA than the nontransformed strains. Introduction of rpoS or gacS from Pseudomonas fluorescens was associated with a reduction in the production of both antibiotics, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and mono-acetylphloroglucinol, produced by Enterobacter cloacae CAL2. With Enterobacter cloacae CAL2, plasmid-borne rpoS, but not gacS, increased the level of ACC deaminase activity, while introduction of rpoS in Enterobacter cloacae UW4 caused a decrease in ACC deaminase activity. Neither gacS nor rpoS significantly affected the level of siderophores synthesized by either bacterial strain. Overproduction of either GacA or RpoS in Enterobacter cloacae CAL2 resulted in a significant increase in the root lengths of canola seedlings when seeds were treated with the bacteria, and overproduction of RpoS caused an increase in canola shoot as well as root lengths.Key words: plant growth-promoting bacteria, canola, ethylene, ACC deaminase, GacS, RpoS, indoleacetic acid, siderophores, antibiotics.

scholarly journals The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1841
Author(s):  
Angelika Fiodor ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Kumar Pranaw
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
The Impact

Combating the consequences of climate change is extremely important and critical in the context of feeding the world’s population. Crop simulation models have been extensively studied recently to investigate the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity and food security. Drought and salinity are major environmental stresses that cause changes in the physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes in plants, resulting in significant crop productivity losses. Excessive use of chemicals has become a severe threat to human health and the environment. The use of beneficial microorganisms is an environmentally friendly method of increasing crop yield under environmental stress conditions. These microbes enhance plant growth through various mechanisms such as production of hormones, ACC deaminase, VOCs and EPS, and modulate hormone synthesis and other metabolites in plants. This review aims to decipher the effect of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on plant health under abiotic soil stresses associated with global climate change (viz., drought and salinity). The application of stress-resistant PGPB may not only help in the combating the effects of abiotic stressors, but also lead to mitigation of climate change. More thorough molecular level studies are needed in the future to assess their cumulative influence on plant development.

Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from polluted soils and containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 642-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei A Belimov ◽  
Vera I Safronova ◽  
Tatyana A Sergeyeva ◽  
Tatyana N Egorova ◽  
Victoria A Matveyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Fifteen bacterial strains containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase were isolated from the rhizoplane of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) grown in different soils and a long-standing sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals. The isolated strains were characterized and assigned to various genera and species, such as Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Pseudomonas marginalis, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas sp., Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, Alcaligenes sp., Variovorax paradoxus, Bacillus pumilus, and Rhodococcus sp. by determination of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The root elongation of Indian mustard and rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera L.) germinating seedlings was stimulated by inoculation with 8 and 13 isolated strains, respectively. The bacteria were tolerant to cadmium toxicity and stimulated root elongation of rape seedlings in the presence of 300 µM CdCl2 in the nutrient solution. The effect of ACC-utilising bacteria on root elongation correlated with the impact of aminoethoxyvinylglycine and silver ions, chemical inhibitors of ethylene biosynthesis. A significant improvement in the growth of rape caused by inoculation with certain selected strains was also observed in pot experiments, when the plants were cultivated in cadmium-supplemented soil. The biomass of pea cv. Sparkle and its ethylene sensitive mutant E2 (sym5), in particular, was increased through inoculation with certain strains of ACC-utilising bacteria in pot experiments in quartz sand culture. The beneficial effect of the bacteria on plant growth varied significantly depending on individual bacterial strains, plant genotype, and growth conditions. The results suggest that plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing ACC deaminase are present in various soils and offer promise as a bacterial inoculum for improvement of plant growth, particularly under unfavourable environmental conditions.Key words: ACC deaminase, cadmium, ethylene, Indian mustard, pea, phytoremediation, rape, rhizobacteria.

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