The use of anonymous DNA markers in assessing worldwide relatedness in the yeast speciesPichia kluyveriBedford and Kudrjavzev

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 967-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip F Ganter ◽  
Miguel de Barros Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Aflp Data ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Yeast Data ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
Partition Homogeneity Test ◽  
Do So

Pichia kluyveri, a sexual ascomycetous yeast from cactus necroses and acidic fruit, is divided into three varieties. We used physiological, RAPD, and AFLP data to compare 46 P. kluyveri strains collected worldwide to investigate relationships among varieties. Physiology did not place all strains into described varieties. Although the combined AFLP and RAPD data produced a single most parsimonious tree, separate analysis of AFLP and RAPD data resulted in significantly different trees (by the partition homogeneity test). We then compared the distribution of strains per band to an expected distribution. This suggested we could separate both the AFLP and RAPD datasets into bands from rapidly and slowly changing DNA regions. When only bands from slowly changing regions (from each dataset) were included in the analysis, both the RAPD and AFLP datasets supported a single tree. This second tree did not differ significantly from the cladogram based on all of the DNA data, which we accepted as the best estimate of the phylogeny of these yeast strains. Based on this phylogeny, we were able to demonstrate the strong influence of geography on the population structure of this yeast, confirm the monophyly of one variety, question the utility of maintaining another variety, and demonstrate that the physiological differences used to separate the varieties did not do so in all cases.Key words: RAPD, AFLP, yeast, data homogeneity, Pichia kluyveri.

scholarly journals Yeasts from Chinese strong flavour Daqu samples: isolation and evaluation of their potential for fortified Daqu production

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunchang Pu ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Ning Lu ◽  
Cuie Shi ◽  
Shoubao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency ◽  
Wickerhamomyces Anomalus ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Saccharomyces Kudriavzevii ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn total, 16 yeast were isolated from Chinese strong flavour Daqu samples and underwent RAPD analysis and identification. Totally, 11 different species were identified among these isolates including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hanseniaspora vineae, Pichia kluyveri, Trichosporon asahii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Kluyveromyces lactis, Yarrowia lipolytica, Wickerhamomyces mori, Galactomyces geotrichum, Dabaryomyces hansenii, and Saccharomyces kudriavzevii. To understand the impact of these yeast strains on the quality and flavour of Daqu, we then assessed volatile compounds associated with Daqu samples fermented with corresponding strains. These analyses revealed strain YE006 exhibited the most robust ability to produce ethanol via fermentation but yielded relatively low quantities of volatile compounds, whereas strain YE010 exhibited relatively poor fermentation efficiency but produced the greatest quantity of volatile compounds. These two yeast strains were then utilized in a mixed culture to produce fortified Daqu, with the optimal inoculum size being assessed experimentally. These analyses revealed that maximal fermentation, saccharifying, liquefying, and esterifying power as well as high levels of volatile compounds were achieved when using a 2% inoculum composed of YE006/YE010 at a 1:2 (v/v) ratio. When the liquor prepared using this optimized fortified Daqu was compared to unfortified control Daqu, the former was found to exhibit significantly higher levels of flavour compounds and better sensory scores. Overall, our findings may provide a reliable approach to ensuring Daqu quality and improving the consistency and flavour of Chinese strong-flavour liquor through bioaugmentation.

scholarly journals Candida tibetensis sp. nov. and Candida linzhiensis sp. nov., novel anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species from Tibet

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1153-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo-Wei Wu ◽  
Feng-Yan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Novel Species ◽  
Physiological Property ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
Domain Sequence ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Respective Type ◽  
26S Rrna ◽  
Type Strains

Three anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast strains isolated from plant samples collected in Linzhi District, Tibet, China, were revealed as representing two novel species by 26S rRNA gene D1/D2 domain sequence and physiological property comparisons. The names Candida tibetensis sp. nov. and Candida linzhiensis sp. nov. are proposed for these novel species, with XZ 41-6T (=AS 2.3072T=CBS 10298T) and XZ 92-1T (=AS 2.3073T=CBS 10299T) as the respective type strains. D1/D2 sequence analysis showed that C. tibetensis and C. linzhiensis are closely related to Candida caryicola and Candida sequanensis, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of Simultaneous Co-Fermentation of Five Indigenous Non-Saccharomyces Strains with S. cerevisiae on Vidal Icewine Aroma Quality

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1452
Author(s):  
Qian Ge ◽  
Chunfeng Guo ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yue Yan ◽  
Danqing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Pure Culture ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Hanseniaspora Uvarum ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Isobutyl Acetate ◽  
Saccharomyces Yeast ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri

In this study, Vidal grape must was fermented using commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae F33 in pure culture as a control and in mixed culture with five indigenous non-Saccharomyces yeast strains (Hanseniaspora uvarum QTX22, Saccharomycopsis crataegensis YC30, Pichia kluyveri HSP14, Metschnikowia pulcherrima YC12, and Rhodosporidiobolus lusitaniae QTX15) through simultaneous fermentation in a 1:1 ratio. Simultaneous fermentation inhibited the growth of S. cerevisiae F33 and delayed the time to reach the maximum biomass. Compared with pure fermentation, the contents of polyphenols, acetic esters, ethyl esters, other esters, and terpenes were increased by R. lusitaniae QTX15, S. crataegensis YC30, and P. kluyveri HSP14 through simultaneous fermentation. S. crataegensis YC30 produced the highest total aroma activity and the most abundant aroma substances of all the wine samples. The odor activity values of 1 C13-norisoprenoid, 3 terpenes, 6 acetic esters, and 10 ethyl esters improved significantly, and three lactones (δ-decalactone, γ-nonalactone, and γ-decalactone) related to coconut and creamy flavor were only found in this wine. Moreover, this sample showed obvious “floral” and “fruity” note odor due to having the highest amount of ethyl ester aromatic substances and cinnamene, linalool, citronellol, β-damascenone, isoamyl ethanoate, benzylcarbinyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, etc. We suggest that simultaneous fermentation of S. crataegensis YC30 with S. cerevisiae might represent a novel strategy for the future production of Vidal icewine.

scholarly journals Candida laoshanensis sp. nov. and Candida qingdaonensis sp. nov., anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species isolated from decayed wood

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 1697-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-An Wang ◽  
Fu-Li Li ◽  
Feng-Yan Bai
Keyword(s):  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
26S Rdna ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
D2 Domain

During a study of newly isolated yeast strains utilizing d-xylose as sole carbon source, eight strains, isolated from decayed wood, were found to represent two novel anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species based on sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer region, and phenotypic characterization. The names Candida laoshanensis sp. nov. (type strain MLRW 6-2T=AS 2.4030T=CBS 11389T) and Candida qingdaonensis sp. nov. (type strain MLRW 7-1T=AS 2.4031T=CBS 11390T) are proposed for these two novel species; the closest relatives of the two novel species are Candida pomicola and Candida marilandica, respectively.

scholarly journals The Influence of Non-Saccharomyces Species on Wine Fermentation Quality Parameters

Fermentation ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benito ◽  
Calderón ◽  
Benito
Keyword(s):  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Interesting Species ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

In the past, some microbiological studies have considered most non-Saccharomyces species to be undesirable spoilage microorganisms. For several decades, that belief made the Saccharomyces genus the only option considered by winemakers for achieving the best possible wine quality. Nevertheless, in recent decades, some strains of non-Saccharomyces species have been proven to improve the quality of wine. Non-Saccharomyces species can positively influence quality parameters such as aroma, acidity, color, and food safety. These quality improvements allow winemakers to produce innovative and differentiated wines. For that reason, the yeast strains Torulaspora delbrueckii, Lachancea thermotolerans, Metschnikowia pulcherrima, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Pichia kluyveri are now available on the market. Other interesting species, such as Starmerella bacillaris, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Hanseniospora spp., and others, will probably be available in the near future.

scholarly journals Histone chaperones and the Rrm3p helicase regulate flocculation in S. cerevisiae

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hollie Rowlands ◽  
Kholoud Shaban ◽  
Barret Foster ◽  
Yannic Proteau ◽  
Krassimir Yankulov
Keyword(s):  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Histone Chaperones ◽  
Replication Forks ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Mating Type Gene ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Type Gene ◽  
Do So

Abstract Background Biofilm formation or flocculation is a major phenotype in wild type budding yeasts but rarely seen in laboratory yeast strains. Here, we analysed flocculation phenotypes and the expression of FLO genes in laboratory strains with various genetic backgrounds. Results We show that mutations in histone chaperones, the helicase RRM3 and the Histone Deacetylase HDA1 de-repress the FLO genes and partially reconstitute flocculation. We demonstrate that the loss of repression correlates to elevated expression of several FLO genes, to increased acetylation of histones at the promoter of FLO1 and to variegated expression of FLO11. We show that these effects are related to the activity of CAF-1 at the replication forks. We also demonstrate that nitrogen starvation or inhibition of histone deacetylases do not produce flocculation in W303 and BY4742 strains but do so in strains compromised for chromatin maintenance. Finally, we correlate the de-repression of FLO genes to the loss of silencing at the subtelomeric and mating type gene loci. Conclusions We conclude that the deregulation of chromatin maintenance and transmission is sufficient to reconstitute flocculation in laboratory yeast strains. Consequently, we propose that a gain in epigenetic silencing is a major contributing factor for the loss of flocculation phenotypes in these strains. We suggest that flocculation in yeasts provides an excellent model for addressing the challenging issue of how epigenetic mechanisms contribute to evolution.

scholarly journals Screening and Identification of Yeasts Antagonistic to Pathogenic Fungi Show a Narrow Optimal pH Range for Antagonistic Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Hua Chen ◽  
Jui-Yu Chou
Keyword(s):  
Interference Competition ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Ustilago Esculenta ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
Optimal Ph

Microbes have evolved ways of interference competition to gain advantage over their ecological competitors. The use of secreted antagonistic compounds by yeast cells is one of the prominent examples. Although this killer behavior has been thoroughly studied in laboratory yeast strains, our knowledge of the antagonistic specificity of killer effects in nature remains limited. In this study, yeast strains were collected from various niches and screened for antagonistic activity against one toxin-sensitive strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and three pathogenic fungi. We demonstrate that some strains with antagonistic activity against these pathogenic fungi can be found in antagonist culture tests. These yeasts were identified as members of Trichosporon asahii, Candida stellimalicola, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Ustilago esculenta, Aureobasidium pullulans, and Pichia kluyveri. The results indicated that the antagonistic activity of these killer yeasts has a narrow optimal pH range. Furthermore, we found that the antagonistic activity of some species is strain-dependent.

scholarly journals Molecules, morphology, and the monophyly of diapsid reptiles

2001 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S.Y. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Genes ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Mitochondrial Data ◽  
Molecular Signal ◽  
Partition Homogeneity Test ◽  
Molecular Characters

The morphological and molecular evidence for higher-level reptile relationships is reassessed. A combined analysis of 176 osteological, 40 soft anatomical, and 2903 (1783 aligned) molecular characters in 28 amniote taxa yields the traditional reptile tree. Synapsids (including mammals) are the sister taxon to all other amniotes, including all extant reptiles. Turtles group with anapsid parareptiles and fall outside a monophyletic Diapsida. Within diapsids, squamates and Sphenodon form a monophyletic Lepidosauria, and crocodiles plus birds form a monophyletic Archosauria. This tree is identical to the tree strongly supported by the osteological data alone when fossils are included. In a combined analysis the strong osteological signal linking turtles with anapsids is sufficient to override a soft anatomical signal placing turtles next to a heterodox archosaur-mammal clade, and a weaker molecular signal linking turtles with archosaurs. However, the turtle-archosaur clade cannot be statistically rejected. When fossils are ignored, the signal in the osteological data set disappears and, in a combined analysis of morphology and molecules, the molecular (turtle-archosaur) signal prevails. These results highlight the importance of fossils, not just in osteological studies, but even in “combined” analyses where they cannot be scored for the majority of characters (soft anatomy and molecules). Although the total number of molecular traits (2903) is much greater than the total number of morphological taits (216), when only characters informative at the relevant levels are considered, the two data sets are approximately equal in size. The partition homogeneity test yields unreliable results unless uninformative (invariant and autapomorphic) characters are excluded. Analyses of the mitochondrial data suggest that recent evidence from nuclear genes for a heterodox turtlecrocodile clade (excluding birds) might be an artefact of inadequate sampling of a diverse outgroup (mammals) and thus, problems with rooting the reptile tree.

scholarly journals Growth Dynamics and Diversity of Yeasts during Spontaneous Plum Mash Fermentation of Different Varieties

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Skotniczny ◽  
Paweł Satora ◽  
Katarzyna Pańczyszyn ◽  
Monika Cioch-Skoneczny
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Starter Cultures ◽  
Pichia Kudriavzevii ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Random Amplification ◽  
Potential Possibility ◽  
Plum Varieties ◽  
Pichia Kluyveri ◽  
Candida Sake ◽  
The Impact

The influence of fruit varieties on yeast ecology during spontaneous plum mash fermentation was investigated. Yeast colonies were isolated from mashes obtained from four plum varieties throughout fermentation in laboratory conditions during two consecutive years. The yeast strains were differentiated by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) and identified by the 26S rDNA D1/D2 sequence analysis. Hanseniaspora uvarum, Metschnikowia spp. and Pichia kudriavzevii were the dominant yeasts during the early stages of plum mash fermentation, while the middle and end phases were dominated by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The strains of Candida sake, Nakazawaea ernobii, Pichia kluyveri, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Wickerhamomyces anomalus were also detected in fermenting plum mashes. Metschnikowia sp. M1, H. uvarum H1 and H2 strains were detected in all samples, irrespective of the tested variety and year. Investigation of the impact of individual yeast strains on the production of volatile compounds showed the potential possibility of using them as starter cultures.

scholarly journals Yamadazyma cocois f.a., sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast isolated from coconuts

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 3491-3496
Author(s):  
Irina A. Maksimova ◽  
Anna M. Glushakova ◽  
Vu Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Aleksey V. Kachalkin
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Ascomycetous Yeast ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Basal Branch ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

During studies on the endophytic yeast communities associated with fruits from Vietnam, three fermenting yeast strains were isolated from fruits of the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). Phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the ITS regions and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that these strains represented a single species of the Yamadazyma clade that was distinct from the other related species. The new species represented a basal branch of the clade formed by the Yamadazyma species i.e. Y. insecticola and Y. takamatsuzukensis. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic characteristics, the studied strains were assigned to a novel species of the genus Yamadazyma, for which the name Yamadazyma cocois f.a., sp. nov. is proposed. The holotype is VCIM 4241, with the ex-type cultures VTCC 920004=VKM Y-3049=KBP Y-6091 code 17–68. The MycoBank number is MB 834435.

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