1997 Noranda Award Lecture Chemical applications of electron–matter interactions: from probing low-temperature industrial plasmas and atmospheric chemistry of "environment-safe" Freon substitutes to enhancing novel surface reactions on metals and semiconductors

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309
Author(s):  
K.T. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Surface Reactions ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
Low Energy Electrons ◽  
Fundamental Research

Since the discovery of the electron by Sir Joseph John Thomson a century ago, the limitless applications of the electron in chemistry have been both profound and fun. We present recent results from two of our experiments that involve such applications of the electron beam in the study of new aspects of gas-phase chemical physics and of surface chemistry. In particular, our precise measurements of momentum-transfer-resolved "absolute" excitation transition probabilities of the low-lying transitions in "environment-safe" Freon substitutes using a high-energy electron beam are finding applications in the modelling of low-temperature industrial plasma and atmospheric processes. The use of low-energy electrons as a powerful in situ means to activate and to probe "novel" surface reactions, including oxide and carbide formation and CO oxidation, has been demonstrated on Cu(100) and Si(111) surfaces. These experiments further illustrate the value and the enormous potential of technological payoffs of electron-based fundamental research. Keywords: electron scattering and interactions, surface chemistry.

Improving the weathering on larch wood samples by electron beam irradiation (EBI)

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schnabel ◽  
Hermann Huber
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Artificial Weathering ◽  
Larch Wood ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Energy Irradiation

Abstract High-energy irradiation of a biogenic polymer is of interest from different perspectives, as this type of modification process may beneficially influence various functional and structural properties of wood. This study deals with the influence of electron beam irradiation (EBI) on the artificial weathering behavior of larch wood. The results of color measurement and infrared spectra show different effects of the EBI at dosages of 1 and 30 kGy during weathering tests. The results may provide a helpful basis for further fundamental research to improve weathering of wood by EBI.

Surface chemistry and catalytic activity of Ni/Al2O3 irradiated with high-energy electron beam

2008 ◽  
Vol 254 (15) ◽  
pp. 4557-4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jun ◽  
Marshal Dhayal ◽  
Joong-Hyeok Shin ◽  
Young Hwan Han ◽  
Nikola Getoff
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Electron ◽  
High Energy Electron

Study thermodynamic assessment of the B-C and B-Si binary systems with swift heavy ions and high intense electron beam irradiation at the low temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (34) ◽  
pp. 2050395
Author(s):  
Matlab N. Mirzayev
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Heavy Ions ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Electron Beams ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Swift Heavy Ions ◽  
Intense Electron Beam ◽  
Intense Electron

B4C and B6Si samples have been irradiated by using swift heavy ions and high intense electron beam. Ion irradiation of the samples was carried at the different electron fluences [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] ion/cm2, and energy of ions flux 167 MeV. Also, the samples were irradiated with high energy electron beams at the linear electronic accelerator at different electron fluencies up to [Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] and energy of electron beams 2.5 MeV and current density of electron beams [Formula: see text]s. The unirradiation and irradiation of the thermodynamic kinetics of samples at low-temperature change with a differential mechanism. In the DSC curves, at the low temperature for unirradiation and irradiation, boron carbide and boron silicide samples do not undergo phase transition. But at the [Formula: see text] K temperature range, the thermodynamic mechanism of ions and electron beam irradiation are very difficult and measuring the temperature of conductivity, thermal conductivity, calibration factor, specific heat capacity becomes more complicated.

scholarly journals Deactivation of SARS-CoV-2 surrogate porcine epidemic diarrhea virus with electron beam irradiation under the cold chain transportation condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Yang Shao ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Weilai Lu ◽  
Shihua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Electron ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
High Energy Electron ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has prevailed all over the world and emerged as a significant public health emergency. The rapid outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 is largely due to its high transmission capacity. Studies implied that the cold chain logistics would be a potential route for the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The low temperature condition of the cold chain is conducive to survival and transmission of virus. Thus, the virus disinfection in cold chain should not be neglected for controlling COVID-19. However, due to the low temperature feature of the cold-chain, the virus disinfecting methods suitable in cold chain are limited. Here the high-energy electron beam irradiation is proposed to disinfect the SARS-CoV-2 in cold chain logistics. We evaluated the impact of high-energy electron beam irradiation on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enveloped virus surrogate for SARS-CoV-2, and explored the possible mechanism of the action of high-energy electron beam irradiation on PEDV. The irradiation dose of 10 kGy inactivated 98.1 % PEDV on the both top and bottom surfaces of various packaging materials under cold chain frozen condition. High-energy electron beam inactivated PEDV by inducing damages on viral genome or even capsid.

Effects of High-Energy Ions on Synthetic Quartz

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer ◽  
Charles Bergeron ◽  
Lester F. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Kikuchi Lines ◽  
High Energy Ions ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Dauphiné Twinning ◽  
Beam Damage

Using a Van De Graaff Accelerator thinned specimens were subjected to bombardment by 3 MeV N+ ions to fluences ranging from 4x1013 to 2x1016 ions/cm2. They were then examined by transmission electron microscopy and reflection electron diffraction using a 100 KV electron beam.At the lowest fluence of 4x1013 ions/cm2 diffraction patterns of the specimens contained Kikuchi lines which appeared somewhat broader and more diffuse than those obtained on unirradiated material. No damage could be detected by transmission electron microscopy in unannealed specimens. However, Dauphiné twinning was particularly pronounced after heating to 665°C for one hour and cooling to room temperature. The twins, seen in Fig. 1, were often less than .25 μm in size, smaller than those formed in unirradiated material and present in greater number. The results are in agreement with earlier observations on the effect of electron beam damage on Dauphiné twinning.

The promises and perfidy of cryomicroscopy and analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 382-383
Author(s):  
Patrick Echlin
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
List Type ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Energy Beam ◽  
Cellular Analysis ◽  
Dissolved Ions ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
Low Temperature Microscopy

The unusual title of this short paper and its accompanying tutorial is deliberate, because the intent is to investigate the effectiveness of low temperature microscopy and analysis as one of the more significant elements of the less interventionist procedures we can use to prepare, examine and analyse hydrated and organic materials in high energy beam instruments. The promises offered by all these procedures are well rehearsed and the litany of petitions and responses may be enunciated in the following mantra.Vitrified water can form the perfect embedding medium for bio-organic samples.Frozen samples provide an important, but not exclusive, milieu for the in situ sub-cellular analysis of the dissolved ions and electrolytes whose activities are central to living processes.The rapid conversion of liquids to solids provides a means of arresting dynamic processes and permits resolution of the time resolved interactions between water and suspended and dissolved materials.The low temperature environment necessary for cryomicroscopy and analysis, diminish, but alas do not prevent, the deleterious side effects of ionizing radiation.Sample contamination is virtually eliminated.

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