Densities and viscosities of binary and ternary liquid mixtures at 25 °C

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1028-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejraj M. Aminabhavi ◽  
Shrikant S. Joshi ◽  
Ramachandra H. Balundgi ◽  
Shyam S. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Linear Regression Equation ◽  
Gibbs Energy Of Activation ◽  
Excess Quantities

Densities and viscosities of ten binary and four ternary mixtures containing bromoform, bromobenzene, chlorobenzene, toluene, mesitylene, and dimethylformamide at 25 °C have been measured over the whole range of mixture compositions. Excess molar volumes, apparent values of excess molar viscosities, and Gibbs energy of activation of flow have been calculated for these mixtures. The calculated results have been fitted to a linear regression equation to estimate the parameters and the standard deviation between the calculated and the experimental data. Key words: ternary systems, excess quantities, bromoform, density, viscosity.

Excess molar volumes and viscosities of binary mixtures of some polyethers with propylamine at 298.15 K

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalendu Pal ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Viscous Flow ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Excess Volume ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Volume Viscosity

Excess molar volumes (VmE) and dynamic viscosities (η) have been measured as a function of composition for binary liquid mixtures of propylamine with 2,5-dioxahexane, 2,5,8-trioxanonane, 2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane, 3,6,9-trioxaundecane, and 5,8,11-trioxapentadecane at 298.15 K. The excess volumes are positive over the entire range of composition for the systems propylamine + 2,5-dioxahexane, and + 3,6,9-trioxaundecane, negative for the systems propylamine + 2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane, and + 5,8,11-trioxapentadecane, and change sign from positive to negative for the remaining system propylamine + 2,5,8-trioxanonane. From the experimental data, deviations in the viscosity (Δln η) and excess energies of activation for viscous flow (ΔG*E) have been derived. These values are positive for all mixtures with the exception of propylamine + 2,5-dioxahexane.Key words : excess volume, viscosity, binary mixtures.

Viscosities and Densities of Binary-Mixtures of 2,2,2-Trichloroethanol With Substituted Anilines

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Palepu ◽  
JH Macneil
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binary Solvent ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Substituted Anilines ◽  
Excess Viscosity ◽  
Gibbs Energy Of Activation

Densities and viscosities of binary solvent mixtures containing 2,2,2-trichloroethanol as one component and aniline and substituted anilines as the other components have been measured over the whole composition range at 298, 303, 308, 313 and 318 K. The experimental data are fitted to a semitheoretical equation of McAllister. Excess viscosity, volume and Gibbs energy of activation of flow have been evaluated, and the departure from ideal behaviour is explained on the basis of specific interactions between the components of this mixture.

scholarly journals Phase equilibrium studies of sulfolane mixtures containing carboxylic acids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nompumelelo Pretty Sithole
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Molar Volumes

In this work, the thermodynamics of ternary liquid mixtures involving carboxylic acids with sulfolane, hydrocarbons including cycloalkane, and alcohols are presented. In South Africa, Sasol is one of the leading companies that produce synthesis gas from low grade coal. Carboxylic acids together with many other oxygenate and hydrocarbons are produced by Sasol using the Fischer-Tropsch process. Carboxylic acids class is one of the important classes of compounds with great number of industrial uses and applications. The efficient separation of carboxylic acids from hydrocarbons and alcohols from hydrocarbons is of economic importance in the chemical industry, and many solvents have been tried and tested to improve such recovery. This work focussed on the use of the polar solvent sulfolane in the effective separation by solvent extraction and not by more common energy intensive method of distillation. The first part of the experimental work focussed on ternary liquid-liquid equilibria of mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + carboxylic acid (2) + heptane (3) or cyclohexane or dodecane] at T = 303.15 K, [sulfolane (1) + alcohol (2) + heptane (3)] at T = 303.15 K. Carboxylic acid refers to acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, 2-methylpropanoic acid, pentanoic acid and 3-methylbutanoic acid. Alcohol refers to methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol. Ternary liquid- liquid equilibrium data are essential for the design and selection of solvents used from liquid- liquid extraction process. Abstract vi The separation of carboxylic acids from hydrocarbons and the alcohols from hydrocarbons is commercially lucrative consideration and is an important reason of this study. The separation of carboxylic acids or alcohols from hydrocarbons by extraction with sulfolane was found to be feasible as all selectivity values obtained are greater than 1. The modified Hlavatý, beta (β) and log equations were fitted to the experimental binodal data measured in this work. Hlavatý gave the best overall fit as compared to beta ( ) and log function. The NRTL (Non-Random, Two Liquid) and UNIQUAC Universal Quasichemical) model were used to correlate the experimental tie-lines and calculate the phase compositions of the ternary systems. The correlation work served three purposes:  to summarise experimental data  to test theories of liquid mixtures  prediction of related thermodynamics properties. The final part of the study was devoted to the determination of the excess molar volumes of mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + alcohol (2)] at T = 298.15 K, T = 303.15 K and T = 309.15 K. Density was used to determine the excess molar volumes of the mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + alcohols (2)]. Alcohol refers to methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol. The work was done to investigate the effect of temperature on excess molar volumes of binary mixtures of alcohols and sulfolane, as well as to get some idea of interactions involved between an alcohol and sulfolane. The excess molar volume data for each binary mixture was fitted in the Redlich–Kister equation to correlate the composition dependence of the excess property.

scholarly journals Phase equilibrium studies of sulfolane mixtures containing carboxylic acids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nompumelelo Pretty Sithole
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Molar Volumes

In this work, the thermodynamics of ternary liquid mixtures involving carboxylic acids with sulfolane, hydrocarbons including cycloalkane, and alcohols are presented. In South Africa, Sasol is one of the leading companies that produce synthesis gas from low grade coal. Carboxylic acids together with many other oxygenate and hydrocarbons are produced by Sasol using the Fischer-Tropsch process. Carboxylic acids class is one of the important classes of compounds with great number of industrial uses and applications. The efficient separation of carboxylic acids from hydrocarbons and alcohols from hydrocarbons is of economic importance in the chemical industry, and many solvents have been tried and tested to improve such recovery. This work focussed on the use of the polar solvent sulfolane in the effective separation by solvent extraction and not by more common energy intensive method of distillation. The first part of the experimental work focussed on ternary liquid-liquid equilibria of mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + carboxylic acid (2) + heptane (3) or cyclohexane or dodecane] at T = 303.15 K, [sulfolane (1) + alcohol (2) + heptane (3)] at T = 303.15 K. Carboxylic acid refers to acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, 2- methylpropanoic acid, pentanoic acid and 3-methylbutanoic acid. Alcohol refers to methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1- propanol and 2-methyl-2-propanol. Ternary liquid- liquid equilibrium data are essential for the design and selection of solvents used from liquid- liquid extraction process. The separation of carboxylic acids from hydrocarbons and the alcohols from hydrocarbons is commercially lucrative consideration and is an important reason of this study. The separation of carboxylic acids or alcohols from hydrocarbons by extraction with sulfolane was found to be feasible as all selectivity values obtained are greater than 1. The modified Hlavatý, beta (β) and log equations were fitted to the experimental binodal data measured in this work. Hlavatý gave the best overall fit as compared to beta ( ) and log function. The NRTL (Non-Random, Two Liquid) and UNIQUAC Universal Quasichemical) model were used to correlate the experimental tie-lines and calculate the phase compositions of the ternary systems. The correlation work served three purposes:  to summarise experimental data  to test theories of liquid mixtures  prediction of related thermodynamics properties. The final part of the study was devoted to the determination of the excess molar volumes of mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + alcohol (2)] at T = 298.15 K, T = 303.15 K and T = 309.15 K. Density was used to determine the excess molar volumes of the mixtures of [sulfolane (1) + alcohols (2)]. Alcohol refers to methanol, ethanol, 1- propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-2- propanol. The work was done to investigate the effect of temperature on excess molar volumes of binary mixtures of alcohols and sulfolane, as well as to get some idea of interactions involved between an alcohol and sulfolane. The excess molar volume data for each binary mixture was fitted in the Redlich–Kister equation to correlate the composition dependence of the excess property.

Measurements and Theoretical Analysis of Excess Molar Volumes for Binary Mixtures of Dimethyl Sulfoxide with Xylenes

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oana Ciocirlan ◽  
Olga Iulian
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Excess Molar Volumes ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Good Agreement

Excess molar volumes, VE, have been measured for binary liquid mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with xylenes (o- xylene, m- xylene and p-xylene) at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The excess volumes values were found negative over the entire composition range for all the mixtures. The VE values increase in order: p-xylene[ m-xylene[ o-xylene. The Flory and Prigogine-Flory-Patterson (PFP) thermodynamic theories of solution have been used to analyze the VE data. The calculated VE values were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.

scholarly journals Study of Molecular Interactions in Ternary Liquid Mixtures

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Ch. Kavitha ◽  
A. Ratnakar ◽  
Kolla Narendra
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Excess Molar Volume ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Ultrasonic Velocities ◽  
Excess Parameter ◽  
Parameter Values

The ultrasonic velocities and densities of ternary mixtures of quinolone with toluene and methanol as common compound, including those of pure liquids, over the entire composition range were measured at temperatures (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K and atmospheric pressure. From the experimental data, excess molar volume VmE, excess ultrasonic velocity uE and excess acoustic impedance ZE were calculated. The variation these parameters with composition and temperature of the mixtures are discussed in terms of molecular interactions in these mixtures. All the calculated excess parameter values were found to be positive and negative at each temperature studied.

Extension of a lattice model of electrolytes to a ternary system of a salt and two solvents. The system CH3OH-H2O-LiCl

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1464-1474
Author(s):  
Ivan Horsák
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Lattice Model ◽  
Excess Gibbs Energy ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Ternary Contribution

A lattice model proposed to describe the thermodynamic properties of binary electrolyte solutions over the whole concentration range has been extended to ternary systems involving two solvents. The relationships derived for the excess Gibbs energy and the activity coefficients of all the components have been tested with published experimental data on vapour pressures of methanol and water in the system CH3OH-H2O-LiCl at 60 °C. Examination of the ability of the model to predict the behaviour of the ternary system on the basis of binary data has shown that the expression for the excess Gibbs energy must be extended to include a ternary contribution.

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