The audio frequency conductances of magnesium, manganese II, and barium malonates in aqueous medium at 25 °C

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis A. Al-Najar ◽  
Awatif M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Audio Frequency ◽  
Parameter Equation ◽  
Conductance Data

The conductance of aqueous solutions of magnesium, manganese II, and barium malonates has been measured at 1.59 kHz, using a conventional audio frequency bridge. Conductance data were evaluated using different modern theoretical conductance equations, each a three-parameter equation in KA, Λ0, and a. These are the complete and expanded forms of both the Fuoss–Hsia (F/H) and Pitts (P) equations and the Lee–Wheaton (L/W) equation. Our results show that the Lee–Wheaton equation is the most satisfactory. Keywords: conductance, aqueous medium, magnesium malonate, manganese malonate, barium malonate.

Solvation effects on the conductivity of concentrated electrolyte solutions

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (18) ◽  
pp. 2953-2966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas E. Goldsack ◽  
Raymond Franchetto ◽  
Arlene (Anttila) Franchetto
Keyword(s):  
Activity Coefficient ◽  
Alkali Halide ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Molar Conductance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solvation Number ◽  
Parameter Equation ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Halide Salts

The Falkenhagen–Leist–Kelbg equation for the conductivity of electrolyte solutions has been extended to include the effect of solvation on the concentration of the salt. Two equations have been derived, both of which have only two freely adjustable parameters at any temperature: Λ0 the molar conductance of the salt at infinite dilution and H0, a solvation number parameter for the salt. In one of these equations H0 is assumed to be independent of concentration. In the other, H0 is assumed to be dependent on concentration and an explicit concentration dependent formula is derived for H0. Conductance data for the alkali halide salts in the 0.5 to 10 m concentration range and 0 to 60 °C temperature range were found to be adequately reproduced by both these equations, but with the variable hydration parameter equation yielding better fits to the data. The H0 parameters from the fixed hydration parameter equation are found to be similar to those obtained from the analysis of activity coefficient and other data whereas the variable hydration parameter equation yields H0 parameters which are much larger.

scholarly journals The Audio Frequency Conductance Study of Some Metal Succinate Salts in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures (Part I: Magnesium, Manganese (II), Barium and Copper Succinates)

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Kosrat N. Kaka ◽  
Anis A. Al-Najar ◽  
Wali M. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Molar Conductance ◽  
Audio Frequency ◽  
Walden Product ◽  
Electrical Conductances ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Association Reaction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Strong Electrolytes ◽  
Modified Forms

The audio electrical conductances of aqueous solutions of magnesium, manganese II, barium, and copper succinates have been measured at various temperatures in the range of 298.15 K to 313.15 K, using an audio frequency conductance bridge. The evaluation of conductance data was carried out by minimisation technique using the theoretical equations of the complete and modified forms of Pitts (P) and Fuoss-Hsia (F-H), each a three-parameter equation, association constant (KA), molar conductance (Λm), and distance parameter (a). Quantitative results showed that these salts do not behave as “strong” electrolytes, and that their dissociations are far from complete. The abnormally low conductances of these electrolytes are not due to the presence of electrically neutral molecules but to the ion-pair formation. The Walden product values, as well as the standard thermodynamics functions (ΔH∘,ΔG∘,ΔS∘) for the association reaction at the four temperatures studied, have been evaluated.

Electrosynthesis of Organic Amalgam from Tetraethylammonium Tetrafluoroborate in Aqueous Medium

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2375-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Krásenský ◽  
Marie Studničková
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Anodic Oxidation ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Binary Compound ◽  
Black Precipitate ◽  
Mercury Cathode ◽  
Simultaneous Evolution

The electroreduction of neutral aqueous solutions of 0.1 - 0.5 M Et4NBF4 on a mercury cathode at room temperature at -2.8 - -2.4 V produces a black precipitate of Et4N . Hgx with simultaneous evolution of hydrogen (the pH value increases to 12). No anodic oxidation of the amalgam has been observed in the interval of 0 - 2.8 V. The composition of the precipitate, collected by filtration under nitrogen, has been determined from the decrease of Et4N+ in the solution after electrolysis and from analysis of mercury in the binary compound Et4N . Hgx. The value x = 2.9 ± 0.8 has been found.

Viscosimetric studies of chitosan nitrate and chitosan chlorhydrate in acid free NaCl aqueous solution

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristóbal Lárez Velásquez ◽  
Joel Sánchez Albornoz ◽  
Enrique Millán Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Stiffness Parameter ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

AbstractTwo salts of the biopolymer chitosan were prepared in aqueous medium by employing an excess of HCl or HNO3 in order to ensure neutralization of all NH2-chitosan groups. Chitosan salts were extensively dialyzed in dionised water and dried at 40 ºC until film formation. The films were characterized by thermogravimetry, FTIR and conductimetric tritration. QH+Cl− and QH+NO3− salts were viscosimetrically evaluated in free acid aqueous solutions in the presence of NaCl to control ionic strength of the medium. Unexpected high intrinsic viscosity values were obtained at low ionic strength when QH+NO3− salt were evaluated. Smidsrod´s approach was employed to estimate the stiffness parameter of both salts and B = 0.084 and 0.120 for QH+Cl− and QH+NO3−, respectively, were obtained.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Magnetic Biochar for Efficient Removal of Cr(III) Cations from the Aqueous Medium

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliya Frolova ◽  
Mykola Kharytonov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Plasma Reactor ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Magnetic Biochar ◽  
High Sorption ◽  
Coniferous Woods

Porous biochars obtained from coniferous woods, and magnetic biochars based on them, which showed high sorption properties when extracting Cr(III) from aqueous solutions (from 0.005 to 0.0125 mol/L), were studied. The adsorption properties of the magnetic biochar are compared with the initial biochar. It has been established that the preparation of materials by the method of pyrolysis and subsequent treatment in a plasma reactor makes it possible to bring the samples under study into a number of promising adsorbents for the extraction of chromium from aqueous solutions.

Trapping of Dieldrin Lost from Aqueous Algae Cultures

1969 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
W B Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Short Length ◽  
Chromatographic Column ◽  
Column Packing

Abstract The treatment given to aqueous solutions containing dieldrin governed the quantity of insecticide lost by co-distillation with water. Co-distilling dieldrin may be effectively trapped on a short length of a common gas chromatographic column packing (5% DC-200 on 80–100 mesh Gas Chrom Q) and easily eluted for quantitation. Algae present in the aqueous medium reduced the loss of insecticide by this mechanism.

THE LIMITING EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCES OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, AMMONIUM BROMIDE, AND AMMONIUM NITRATE AT 35.00 °C.

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
E. Bock
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Probable Error ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Ionic Conductances ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The limiting equivalent conductances of ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, and ammonium nitrate as well as the limiting ionic conductances of the ammonium and nitrate ions were determined at 35 °C. with a probable error of 0.05%. The values found were [Formula: see text] 180.97 mhos, [Formula: see text] 182.73 mhos, [Formula: see text] 174.21 mhos, [Formula: see text] 88.73 mhos, and [Formula: see text] 85.48 mhos. These values were obtained by the application of the Shedlovsky method of extrapolation to equivalent conductance data, which had been corrected for the hydrolysis of the ammonium ion.Observed equivalent conductances of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate at 35 °C., in the concentration range from 0.0002 N to 10 N, have been compared with those calculated by means of the Wishaw–Stokes and Falkenhagen–Leist equations. The Wishaw–Stokes equation was found to give better agreement with experiment than the Falkenhagen–Leist equation.

A red-emitting fluorescent probe for the detection of Hg2+ in aqueous medium, living cells and organisms with a large Stokes shift

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (27) ◽  
pp. 5036-5042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Yuanan Su ◽  
Yani Geng ◽  
Haiqing Xiong ◽  
Jinliang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limit ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Probe ◽  
Stokes Shift ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Red Emission ◽  
Large Stokes Shift ◽  
Low Detection Limit

A vinethene-based fluorescent probe has been developed for the sensitive and selective detection of Hg2+ with a low detection limit, a red emission and a large Stokes shift. The probe has been successfully applied to detect Hg2+ in aqueous solutions, living cells and organisms.

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