Dissolution enthalpy of NaI in water–alcohol mixtures at 288.15 and 308.15 K. Enthalpy of interaction in electrolyte–alcohol–water systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Piekarski ◽  
Alina Piekarska ◽  
Stefania Taniewska-Osińska
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Solvent ◽  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Enthalpic Pair Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Water Alcohol

The enthalpy of NaI solution was determined in water mixtures with methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol in the entire range of mixed-solvent concentration at 288.15 and 308.15 K, and in water mixtures with s-butanol and tert-butanol in the range of 0–5 mol% alcohol at 308.15 K. The dependence of [Formula: see text] on solvent composition was studied. The enthalpic pair interaction coefficients hEN for NaI–alcohol in water and NaI–water in alcohols were determined, and the effect of temperature on hEN values in the systems under study was analyzed.

Cononsolvency in the ‘drunken’ state: the thermoresponsiveness of a new acrylamide copolymer in water–alcohol mixtures

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1196-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niklas Lucht ◽  
Steffen Eggers ◽  
Volker Abetz
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Water Alcohol

This work presents the synthesis and thermoresponsiveness of a random acrylamide copolymer in alcohol–water mixtures and discusses cononsolvency phenomena.

Dissolution enthalpy of NaCl in aqueous nonelectrolyte solutions at 298.15 K. Analysis of electrolyte–nonelectrolyte enthalpic pair interaction coefficients in aqueous solution

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2127-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Piekarski
Keyword(s):  
Water Structure ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Enthalpies Of Solution ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Enthalpic Pair Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Nonelectrolyte Molecule ◽  
Heat Capacity Of Transfer

Enthalpies of solution of NaCl in aqueous solutions of isopropanol, s-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide were measured. The results of enthalpy measurements were analyzed from the point of view of the effect of added nonelectrolyte on water structure, and enthalpic pair interaction coefficients hxy{(Na+ + Cl−)–nonelectrolyte} were calculated and compared with appropriate data for (Na+ + I−)–nonelectrolyte pairs. The group additivity concept appeared to be useful for the analysis of calculated hxy coefficients. The correlations between hxy and the functions characterizing different properties of the solutes under study were examined. It was shown that the correlation with the heat capacity of transfer of the nonelectrolyte molecule from the vapour phase to high dilution in water was the most promising. The interpretation of observed correlations was proposed.

Enthalpies of solution of urea in water–alkanol mixtures and the enthalpic pair interaction coefficients of urea and several nonelectrolytes in water

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1721-1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henryk Piekarski ◽  
Gus Somsen
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Hydrophobic Hydration ◽  
High Water ◽  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Heat Capacity Change ◽  
High Water Content ◽  
Enthalpies Of Solution ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Enthalpic Pair Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Capacity Change

Enthalpies of solution of urea in binary mixtures of isopropanol, s-butanol, and ethoxyethanol with water have been measured at high water content. Those in the binaries isopropanol + water and ethoxyethanol + water show endothermic maxima at 8 and 4 mol% alkanol, respectively. Enthalpic pair interaction coefficients are calculated for the interactions between urea and the alkanols and discussed in connection with these coefficients for interactions between urea and other nonelectrolytes and between N,N-dimethylformamide and several nonelectrolytes. The enthalpic pair interaction coefficients correlate linearly with the heat capacity change on hydration of the nonelectrolytes and with the enthalpy of hydrophobic hydration of the alkanols.

Thermodynamic properties of water in the water-poor region of binary water + alcohol mixtures

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Liltorp ◽  
Peter Westh ◽  
Yoshikata Koga
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Composition Dependence ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Molar Enthalpy ◽  
Partial Molar Enthalpy ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Mixing Schemes ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Excess Partial Molar Enthalpy ◽  
Water Alcohol

In our previous thermodynamic studies, we suggested that alcohol molecules in water-poor water + alcohol mixtures exist as alcohol clusters in a form similar to the pure alcohols. Here, we use calorimetry and densitometry to investigate how H2O interacts with alcohol clusters in water-poor binary aqueous mixtures of 12 different alcohols. The composition dependence of the measured excess partial molar enthalpy and volume of water (HEW and VEW), along with entropy data calculated from HEW and literature data for excess chemical potentials, showed that in water-poor solutions of small alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol, mutual water–water interactions are endothermic, but entropically favorable. Conversely, in long-chain solvents such as 1-octanol and 1-decanol, the interaction is exothermic and entropically unfavorable. We suggest that these observations reflect water–alcohol hydrogen bonding in short-chain solvents and water clustering with more hydrogen bonding than in pure water or "dewetting" in mixtures of the longer alcohols, respectively. The composition dependence of HEW was also used to locate anomalies that specify the boundary between the mixing schemes characterizing the intermediate and the water-poor regions of alcohol + water mixtures.Key words: aqueous alkane-mono-ols, excess partial molar enthalpy, entropy and volume, mixing schemes.

scholarly journals The correlation between the surface-active characteristics of SAFOL 23 – alcohol – water systems and the length of the alkyl radical of the alcohol

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
M.G. Shcherban’ ◽  
◽  
A.D. Solovyev ◽  
A.O. Saliakhova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Surface Activity ◽  
Mixed Micelles ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Application Of Surfactants ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Lipophilic Groups ◽  
Water Alcohol

The effect of isobutyl and isoamyl alcohols on the surface-active characteristics of SAFOL 23 nonionic sur-factant was studied. The surface tension isotherms (STI) of an aqueous solution of surfactant and its water-alcohol compositions are obtained. The structure of mixed micelles and the values of the surfactant interac-tion factor in the micelle, based on the STIs of SAFOL 23 – alcohol – water systems, were calculated. The dependence of surface activity on the SAFOL 23: alcohol ratio passes through a maximum, which is associat-ed with the transition of alcohol from co-surfactant to co-solvent due to the increase in its quantity. The wet-ting process of high dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by SAFOL 23 – alcohol – water compositions was studied, contact angle isotherms were constructed. The PTFE surface was hydrophilized by compositions at ratios which comply with surface activity maximum. SAFOL 23 is more adsorbed on the surface of the sol-id phase than on the liquid-gas interface. The appending of alcohol into an aqueous solution of surfactant changes the ratio between hydrophilic and lipophilic groups of the composition, which affects cloud point. It significantly expands the range of application of surfactants and allows the use of SAFOL 23 as a solubilizer, emulsifier and wetting agent.

Viscosity of ternary mixtures. IV. Urea – tert-butyl alcohol – water at 25 °C

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (23) ◽  
pp. 3248-3251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Palma ◽  
Jean-Pierre Morel
Keyword(s):  
Pair Interaction ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Tert Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Water ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
B Coefficients

We have measured, at 25 °C, the viscosities of urea and tert-butyl alcohol ternary aqueous solutions for total concentrations reaching about 4 M and various ratios of the solutes. We have also determined B coefficients of the Jones–Dole law for urea in water–tert-butyl alcohol mixtures and for tert-butyl alcohol in water–urea mixtures. The results can be fitted in the form:[Formula: see text]where ηr is the viscosity relative to water and subscripts 1 and 2 characterise the two solutes. B1 and B2 are determined in water and the additional D parameters appear as pair-interaction contributions of the solutes to the viscosity of the system. Some relations are established and verified between the previous parameters and the B coefficients of 1 and 2 determined, respectively, in the aqueous mixtures of 2 and 1.

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