Sphere tensiometry: wall effects and correction factors

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bayramli ◽  
C. Huh ◽  
S. G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Wall Effects ◽  
Finite Radius ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Force Displacement

This paper is a supplement to an earlier one on the new absolute gravimetric method of measuring surface and interfacial tension which takes into account the effect of the wall in circular containers of finite radius which causes the liquid surface to dimple instead of remaining flat as in an unbounded system as assumed earlier.Using conventional capillarity theory, the basic principles for correcting force–displacement curves, called sphere-tensiograms, are derived. Numerical correction factors calculated from the theory for systems with perfect wetting (zero contact angle) for an experimentally realistic range of parameters, and corroborative experimental data are presented.

Sphere tensiometry: an evaluation and critique

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Huh ◽  
S. G. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Sphere Surface ◽  
Interfacial Tensions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
The Difference

An absolute gravimetric method of measuring surface and interfacial tensions of liquids by pulling a sphere through the interface is examined. The method also permits simultaneous measurement of the contact angle of the liquid on the sphere surface; this enables corrections to be made for incomplete wetting of the solid by liquids in measuring the interfacial tension, a feature which the conventional ring and plate methods lack. Simultaneous measurements of the interfacial tension and the difference in phase densities across the interface are in principle also possible. Preliminary experimental results are presented, and the advantages and disadvantages of the method are critically discussed.

scholarly journals Theoretical Model of Droplet Wettability on a Low-Surface-Energy Solid under the Influence of Gravity

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Yonemoto ◽  
Tomoaki Kunugi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Droplet Radius ◽  
Low Surface Energy ◽  
Geometrical Information ◽  
Good Agreement

The wettability of droplets on a low surface energy solid is evaluated experimentally and theoretically. Water-ethanol binary mixture drops of several volumes are used. In the experiment, the droplet radius, height, and contact angle are measured. Analytical equations are derived that incorporate the effect of gravity for the relationships between the droplet radius and height, radius and contact angle, and radius and liquid surface energy. All the analytical equations display good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the fundamental wetting behavior of the droplet on the low surface energy solid can be predicted by our model which gives geometrical information of the droplet such as the contact angle, droplet radius, and height from physical values of liquid and solid.

scholarly journals Carbon dioxide adsorption and interaction with formation fluids of Jordanian unconventional reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Samara ◽  
T. V. Ostrowski ◽  
F. Ayad Abdulkareem ◽  
E. Padmanabhan ◽  
P. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Operating Pressure

AbstractShales are mostly unexploited energy resources. However, the extraction and production of their hydrocarbons require innovative methods. Applications involving carbon dioxide in shales could combine its potential use in oil recovery with its storage in view of its impact on global climate. The success of these approaches highly depends on various mechanisms taking place in the rock pores simultaneously. In this work, properties governing these mechanisms are presented at technically relevant conditions. The pendant and sessile drop methods are utilized to measure interfacial tension and wettability, respectively. The gravimetric method is used to quantify CO2 adsorption capacity of shale and gas adsorption kinetics is evaluated to determine diffusion coefficients. It is found that interfacial properties are strongly affected by the operating pressure. The oil-CO2 interfacial tension shows a decrease from approx. 21 mN/m at 0.1 MPa to around 3 mN/m at 20 MPa. A similar trend is observed in brine-CO2 systems. The diffusion coefficient is observed to slightly increase with pressure at supercritical conditions. Finally, the contact angle is found to be directly related to the gas adsorption at the rock surface: Up to 3.8 wt% of CO2 is adsorbed on the shale surface at 20 MPa and 60 °C where a maximum in contact angle is also found. To the best of the author’s knowledge, the affinity of calcite-rich surfaces toward CO2 adsorption is linked experimentally to the wetting behavior for the first time. The results are discussed in terms of CO2 storage scenarios occurring optimally at 20 MPa.

General Equations of a Helical Spring With a Cup Damper and Static Verification

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hsun Wu ◽  
Jing Yuan Ho ◽  
Wensyang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Dynamic Equations ◽  
Helical Spring ◽  
Static Force ◽  
Static Verification ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Force Displacement

In this study, we derive the general equations of motion for the helical spring with a cup damper by considering the damper’s dilation and varying pitch angle of the helical spring. These dynamic equations are simplified to correlate with previous models. The static force-displacement relation is also derived. The extra stiffness due to the damper’s dilation considered in the force-displacement relation is the first such modeling in this area. In addition, a method is presented to predict the compressing spring’s coil close length and is then verified by experimental data. Moreover, the simulation results of the static force-displacement relation are found to correspond to the experimental data. The maximum error is around 0.6 percent.

Macroscopic Wetting Behavior and a Method for Measuring Contact Angles

1990 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Katoh ◽  
H. Fujita ◽  
H. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Solid Surface ◽  
Liquid Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Critical Height ◽  
Solid Cone ◽  
Wetting Behavior ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Thermodynamic Instability

Macroscopic wetting behavior is investigated theoretically from a thermodynamic viewpoint. The axisymmetric liquid meniscus formed under a conical solid surface is chosen as the subject of the theoretical analysis. Using the meniscus configuration obtained by the Laplace equation, the total free energy of the system is calculated. In the case of the half vertical angle of the cone φ = 90 deg (horizontal plate), the system shows thermodynamic instability when the meniscus attaches to the solid surface at the contact angle. This result, unlike the conventional view, agrees well with the practical wetting behavior observed in this study. On the other hand, when 0 deg < φ < 90 deg, the system shows thermodynamic stability at the contact angle. However, when the solid cone is held at a position higher than the critical height from a stationary liquid surface, the system becomes unstable. It is possible to measure the contact angle easily using this unstable phenomenon.

Measuring Surface Hydrophobicity as Compared to Measuring a Hydrophobic Effect on Adhesion Events

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1034-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. AL-MAKHLAFI ◽  
M. LAKAMRAJU ◽  
N. PODHIPLEUX ◽  
B. SINGLA ◽  
J. MCGUlRE
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Hydrophobic Effect ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Antimicrobial Proteins ◽  
Hydrophilic Surfaces ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Simple Contact ◽  
Contact Angle Analysis ◽  
Effect Of Surface

Simple contact-angle methods are commonly used to describe surface influences on phenomena including adsorption, adhesion, fouling, and cleaning, However, for the purpose of quantitatively relating surface hydrophobicity to such phenomena, contact-angle analysis may be insufficient. Here we show that even with model hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, measurement of the effect of surface hydrophobicity on adsorption of the antimicrobial proteins nisin and bacteriophage T4 lysozyme yielded conflicting results, apparently because different mechanisms govern events at the interface, depending on surface hydrophobicity. This finding is explained in terms of the presence of two competing mechanisms for attractive associations at these surfaces: hydrophobic and attractive electrostatic associations.

scholarly journals Combining Experimental Data and Computational Methods for the Non-Computer Specialist

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4783
Author(s):  
Reinier Cárdenas ◽  
Javier Martínez-Seoane ◽  
Carlos Amero
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Biological Macromolecules ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Structural Interpretation

Experimental methods are indispensable for the study of the function of biological macromolecules, not just as static structures, but as dynamic systems that change conformation, bind partners, perform reactions, and respond to different stimulus. However, providing a detailed structural interpretation of the results is often a very challenging task. While experimental and computational methods are often considered as two different and separate approaches, the power and utility of combining both is undeniable. The integration of the experimental data with computational techniques can assist and enrich the interpretation, providing new detailed molecular understanding of the systems. Here, we briefly describe the basic principles of how experimental data can be combined with computational methods to obtain insights into the molecular mechanism and expand the interpretation through the generation of detailed models.

A One-Dimensional Numerical Model for the Momentum Exchange in Regenerative Pumps

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Quail ◽  
Matthew Stickland ◽  
Armin Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Momentum Exchange ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Pump Performance ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Geometry Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dimensional Models

The regenerative pump is a rotor-dynamic turbomachine capable of developing high heads at low flow rates and low specific speeds. In spite of their low efficiency, usually less than 50%, they have found a wide range of applications as compact single-stage pumps with other beneficial features. The potential of a modified regenerative pump design is presented for the consideration of the performance improvements. In this paper the fluid dynamic behavior of the novel design was predicted using a one-dimensional model developed by the authors. Unlike most one-dimensional models previously published for regenerative pumps, the momentum exchange is numerically computed. Previous one-dimensional models relied on experimental data and correction factors; the model presented in this paper demonstrates an accurate prediction of the pump performance characteristics without the need for correction with experimental data. The validity of this approach is highlighted by the comparison of computed and measured results for two different regenerative pump standards. The pump performance is numerically assessed without the need of correction factors or other experimental data. This paper presents an approach for regenerative pumps using a physically valid geometry model and by resolving the circulatory velocity in the peripheral direction.

scholarly journals Finite Element Simulations of the ID Venous System to Treat Venous Compression Disorders: From Model Validation to Realistic Implant Prediction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa Zaccaria ◽  
Francesco Migliavacca ◽  
David Contassot ◽  
Frederic Heim ◽  
Nabil Chakfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Venous Compression ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Model Reliability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Force Displacement ◽  
Realistic Geometry

AbstractThe ID Venous System is an innovative device proposed by ID NEST MEDICAL to treat venous compression disorders that involve bifurcations, such as the May-Thurner syndrome. The system consists of two components, ID Cav and ID Branch, combined through a specific connection that prevents the migration acting locally on the pathological region, thereby preserving the surrounding healthy tissues. Preliminary trials are required to ensure the safety and efficacy of the device, including numerical simulations. In-silico models are intended to corroborate experimental data, providing additional local information not acquirable by other means. The present work outlines the finite element model implementation and illustrates a sequential validation process, involving seven tests of increasing complexity to assess the impact of each numerical uncertainty separately. Following the standard ASME V&V40, the computational results were compared with experimental data in terms of force-displacement curves and deformed configurations, testing the model reliability for the intended context of use (differences < 10%). The deployment in a realistic geometry confirmed the feasibility of the implant procedure, without risk of rupture or plasticity of the components, highlighting the potential of the present technology.

A review: lead free solder and its wettability properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervina Efzan Mhd Noor ◽  
Nur Faziera Mhd Nasir ◽  
Siti Rabiatul Aisya Idris
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Electronic Packaging ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Lead Free Solder ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Free Solder

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to publish on the review of the lead free solder for electronic packaging. This involved the basic principles of the solder, the lead solder and its legislation and the lead free solder with its mechanism. In addition, this paper also reviews on the lead free solder characteristics that focused on its wettability. Design/methodology/approach This paper approach on the review of the solder wettability on the surface. It reviews on the solder especially on the contact angle and surface tension that is covered under the wettability of the solder. Findings This paper also reviews on the lead free solder characteristics that focused on its wettability. Originality/value This paper summarized finding from other researchers. The authors collect and summarize the useful data from other papers or journals. It is to create an understanding for the reader by discussion from the others research papers findings.

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