Association and hydration of alcohols in low-dielectric solvents. I. n-Butanol

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 3917-3928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Kirchnerová ◽  
Genille C. B. Cave
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Low Dielectric

Formulae and thermodynamic formation constants of the aggregates of n-butanol and their hydrates in six low-dielectric solvents have been deduced by using an iterative mathematical treatment of distribution and isopiestic data. The solvents were cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, p-xylene, benzene, chlorobenzene, and o-dichlorobenzene.

Association and hydration of alcohols in low-dielectric solvents. II. tert-Butyl alcohol and cyclohexanol

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 3929-3943
Author(s):  
Jitka Kirchnerová ◽  
Genille C. B. Cave
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Tert Butyl Alcohol

Formulae and thermodynamic formation constants of the aggregates of tert-butyl alcohol and of cyclohexanol and their hydrates in six low-dielectric solvents have been deduced by using an iterative mathematical treatment of distribution and isopiestic data. The solvents were cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, p-xylene, benzene, chlorobenzene, and o-dichlorobenzene. These results and those previously obtained for n-butanol in the same six solvents are discussed in a qualitative way.

Complexation of Tertiary Amides by Phenols in Carbon Tetrachloride Solutions

1978 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund Kwiatkowski ◽  
Krystyna Kozubek ◽  
Zbigniew Pepliǹski
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Tertiary Amides

Formation constants for 1 : 1 complexes of N,N-dialkylamides and N-acetylmorpholine with chloro-and nitrophenols have been determined spectrophotometrically in carbon tetrachloride solutions at 20 °C. Enthalpies of reaction for 14 systems have been obtained calorimetrically. Dipole moments of N,N-di(n-butyl)acetamide, N,N-di(isobutyl)acetamide and N-acetylmorpholine have been determined

Thermodynamic Constants of Tetracyanoethylene Complexes with Methylated Benzenes

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 2700-2705 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Liao ◽  
R. K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Charge Transfer ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Substituted Benzenes ◽  
Thermodynamic Constants ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
Vertical Ionization Potentials ◽  
Complete Series

Formation constants, and enthalpy, free energy, and entropy changes for the tetracyanoethylene complexes with a complete series of methyl-substituted benzenes have been evaluated from the charge-transfer spectra over a temperature range of 1−50 °C in carbon tetrachloride solutions. From the literature data, it is deduced that various competing side interactions may not be significant compared to 1:1 electron donor–acceptor complex formation under certain experimental conditions. Some correlations among thermodynamic properties and vertical ionization potentials of the donors are discussed.

The solubility of water in low-dielectric solvents

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 3909-3916 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Kirchnerová ◽  
Genille C. B. Cave
Keyword(s):  
Formation Constants ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Polar Species ◽  
Nonpolar Solvents ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Species Formation ◽  
Dispersion Component ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Polar Interactions

The solubility of water has been measured in several low-dielectric solvents at 25 °C, and the values in the nonpolar solvents are treated by using a modification of the Scatchard–Hildebrand equation. The water–solvent interaction parameter in this equation is represented by a new relationship involving the separate contributions due to dispersion and polar interactions. A new method is given for calculation of the dispersion component of the solubility parameter of a polar species. Formation constants are reported for 1:1 water–solvent complexes in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene, and p-xylene.

Constantes de stabilité de thiocomplexes et produits de solubilité de sulfures de métaux. II Sulfure de zinc

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (18) ◽  
pp. 2101-2108 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Gubeli ◽  
J. Ste-Marie
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Zinc Sulfide ◽  
Formation Constant ◽  
Solubility Product ◽  
Acidic Solution ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Ph Scale

A mathematical treatment of solubility curves of sulfides is introduced for the determination of formation constants of complexes in solution. As an example, this theoretical method is used in the determination of the species in equilibrium in solution with a precipitate of zinc sulfide (β-ZnS). The excess of sulfide in solution varies from 0.0004 M to 0.01 M. The presence of Zn2+ is noted in acidic solution, followed by the presence of ZnS.H2O or Zn(HS)(OH) for the rest of the pH scale. The solubility product of ZnS and the formation constant of Zn(HS)(OH) are given for an ionic strength 1.0 (NaClO4) at 25 °C.

Aloe-Emodin Quinone Pretreatment Reduces Acute Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride

2000 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Arosio ◽  
Nicoletta Gagliano ◽  
Lorena Maria Pia Fusaro ◽  
Luciano Parmeggiani ◽  
Jacopo Tagliabue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Aloe Emodin
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