Base-catalyzed Isotopic Exchange of Molecular Hydrogen. II. Rate Dependence on Basicity in the Dimethyl Sulfoxide–Water System

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1673-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Allan Symons ◽  
Erwin Buncel

Isotopic exchange of D2 has been determined in mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide and water under catalysis by hydroxide ion. The rate of exchange increases by ca. 104 as the medium composition is changed from 0% DMSO to 99.6% DMSO at 65 °C. The unusually low sensitivity to medium basicity is reflected in abnormally low slope values for the plots of log kobs υs. H− or J−. When [Me4NOH] is varied at a given medium composition, the apparent order with respect to [Me4NOH] is greater than unity.These results are discussed in terms of (1) rate determining proton transfer from D2 to OH− with formation of hydride ion; (2) a concerted reaction of OH−, D2, and H2O; (3) addition of OH− to D2 to yield an intermediate adduct, [HODD]−; (4) a 6-centered process involving cation participation and electrophilic assistance by H2O in the reaction of OH− with D2.L'échange isotopique de D2 a été étudié dans des mélanges de sulfoxyde de diméthyle et d'eau sous l'effet d'une catalyse par l'ion hydroxyle. Le taux d'échange augmente d'environ 104 alors que la composition du milieu change de 0% en DMSO à 99.6% en DMSO à 65 °C. La sensitivité anormalement faible à la basicité du milieu est réflétée par des valeurs anormalement faibles de la pente dans les graphiques du log kobs υs. H− ou J−. Quand la concentration de Me4NOH est changée pour une composition donnée du milieu, l'ordre apparent en ce qui a trait à la [Me4NOH] est plus élevé que l'unité.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Senger ◽  
Viktor Eichmann ◽  
Konstantin Laun ◽  
Jifu Duan ◽  
Florian Wittkamp ◽  
...  

Hydrogenases are metalloenzymes that catalyse the interconversion of protons and molecular hydrogen, H2. [FeFe]-hydrogenases show particularly high rates of hydrogen turnover and have inspired numerous compounds for biomimetic H2 production. Two decades of research on the active site cofactor of [FeFe]-hydrogenases have put forward multiple models of the catalytic proceedings. In comparison, understanding of the catalytic proton transfer is poor. We were able to identify the amino acid residues forming a proton transfer pathway between active site cofactor and bulk solvent; however, the exact mechanism of catalytic proton transfer remained inconclusive. Here, we employ in situ IR difference spectroscopy on the [FeFe]-hydrogenase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii evaluating dynamic changes in the hydrogen-bonding network upon catalytic proton transfer. Our analysis allows for a direct, molecular unique assignment to individual amino acid residues. We found that transient protonation changes of arginine and glutamic acid residues facilitate bidirectional proton transfer in [FeFe]-hydrogenases.<br>


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